RESPONSE OF SOME WHEAT VRAIETIES TO MINERAL AND ORGANIC NITROGEN FERTILIZERS.
E. E. E.
Khafagy
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
I. S. M.
Mosaad
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
E. G.
Abo - Elala
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
M. A.
EL - Galad
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Research Station in El-Serw, AgriculturalResearchCenter during 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 seasons to study the effect of inorganic nitrogen and organic nitrogen of compost combination treatments on grain and straw yield and N, P, K- uptake in grain and straw of some wheat varieties. The experiments were carried out in a split plot design with three replicates. Main plots were assigned to three wheat cultivars i.e., Sakha 93, Gemmiza 9 and Gemmiza 10. The sub main plots were devoted to nitrogen and compost combination treatments as follows: 100 % inorganic nitrogen (90 kgfed-1), 75 % inorganic nitrogen (67.5 kgfed-1) + 25 % organic nitrogen (22.5 kgfed-1), 50 % inorganic nitrogen (45.0 kgfed-1) + 50 % organic nitrogen (45.0 kgfed-1), 25 % inorganic nitrogen (22.5 kgfed-1) + 75 % organic nitrogen (67.5 kgfed-1) and 100 % organic nitrogen (90 kgfed-1). The results showed that the highest wheat grain and straw yields and N, P and K uptake in grain and straw were Gemmeza 10, Gemmeza 9 and Sakha 93, respectively and 100 % inorganic nitrogen, 75 % inorganic nitrogen + 25 % organic nitrogen, 50 % inorganic nitrogen + 50 % organic nitrogen, 25 % inorganic nitrogen + 75 % organic nitrogen and 100 % organic nitrogen, respectively. 100% inorganic nitrogen for Gemmiza 10 gave the highest wheat grain and straw yields and N, P, and K uptake in grain and straw. While, applying 75% inorganic nitrogen with 25% organic nitrogen could produce economic wheat grain and straw yields for Sakha 93 only. So, it may be saved 25% inorganic nitrogen when applying it as compost.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
755
766
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49402_4bb57e367b83c070a5367c719ead461a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49402
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH ASCORBIC, HUMIC ACIDS AND COMPOST TEA ON NUTRIENTS CONTENT AND FABA BEAN PRODUCTIVITY UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS.
E.E.E.
Khafaga
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Centre Giza.
author
Salwa A.
Hasanin
The Central Lab for Organic Agriculture Centre Giza.
author
Rania
M. El-Shal
Soil and Water Dept., Faculty of Agriculture Tanta Univ.
author
text
article
2014
eng
A field experiment was conducted at Ismailia Agriculture Research Station in winter through two successive seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013, it aims to study the effect of foliar application, organic acids and compost tea on some nutrients concentration and faba bean productivity in sandy soil. Plants were sprayed with foliar application, ascorbic, humic acid with rate of 2, 4, 6 and 8 m.L.-1 also compost liquid tea i.e. 500 L fed-1 at three periods e.g. 21, 45 and 60 days from sowing.
Results showed that the application of ascorbic acid, humic acid and compost tea at high rates increased seed yield, pod yield, 100 grains and No.of branches per plant in both seasons. The mean values of grains yield were 0.989 in the first season and 0.992 Mg fed-1 in the second season for plants treated with ascorbic acid, 1.031 in the first season and 1.036 Mg.fed-1 for plants treated with humic acid and 0.889 in the first season and 0.895 Mg.fed-1 in the second season for plants treated with compost tea foliar application. On the other hand, the mean values combined of two seasons of pod yield were 1.195 Mg.fed-1 for ascorbic acid; 1.221 Mg.fed-1 for humic acid and 1.204 Mg.fed-1 for compost tea foliar application respectively. Macronutrients and micronutrients content in grains increased with increasing ascorbic rate, humic acid and compost tea compared with control.
It could be suggested that faba bean plants grown under sandy soil conditions and foliar application with ascorbic acid at rate of 6 and 8 m.L.-1 ,humic aicd 6 m.L.-1 and compost tea at rate of 8 m.L.-1 to increase grains yield as well as seed chemical contents of faba bean plants.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
767
778
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49404_cb23ecf7b77066218f9037f5051ad079.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49404
RESPONSE OF SUNFLOWER YIELD AND CROP -WATER RELATIONS TO LIQUID AMMONIA FERTILIZATION LEVELS AND IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITIES
K. M. R.
Youssef
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., A. R. C., Giza, Egypt.
author
F. R. M.
Farrag
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., A. R. C., Giza, Egypt.
author
S.
Abdou
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12112, Egypt
author
Tahany
Noreldin
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., A. R. C., Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Two field trials were conducted at Tamiea Agric. Res. Station, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt during 2012 and 2013 summer seasons to investigate the effect of three N fertilization rates, i.e. N1 : 40, N2: 50, and N3: 60 kg/fed as liquid ammonia (one kg of liquid ammonia contains 82.5% N) combined with three levels of irrigation water quantities e.g. 2200, 2500 and 2800 m3/fed distributed during the growing season onto six irrigation events. The adopted treatments were assessed in a strip- plot design with four replications on yield components, yield and some crop water relations. The main results obtained were as follows:
Seed yield and yield components were significantly affected due to N fertilization levels and applied irrigation water quantities in 1st and 2nd seasons.
The highest averages of plant height, head diameter and weight, seed weight/head, 100-seed weight and seed yields (792.15 and 816.49N kg/fed in 2012 and 2013 seasons, respectively), were detected from injecting the soil with liquid ammonia as 60 kgNfed-1 level and irrigating with 2800 m3 water/fed whereas the lowest yield components, and seed yield (565.61 and 580.52 kg/fed) were obtained with 40 kgNfed-1 level and applying 2200 m3 water/fed.
The highest seed oil content i.e. 42.23 and 42.31 % in 2012 and 2013 seasons, respectively. were obtained due to 40 kgNfed-1 level.and 2800 m3 water /fed rate interaction.
Seasonal evapotranspiration (ETC) was maximum (50.76 and 51.77 cm in 2012 and 2013) with applying 60 kgNfed-1 level and irrigating at 2800 m3/fed water interaction. The monthly crop coefficients (KC) under the highest yielding interaction were 0.57, 0.76, 0.95 and 0.62 for July, August, September and October, respectively, (means of the two seasons).
Applying 50 kgN fed-1 level and irrigating with 2200 m3/ fed rate is the most efficient interaction for water use with values comprised 0.374 and 0.382 kg seeds/ water consumed in 2012 and 2013 seasons, respectively. Moreover, the highest water productivity (WP) values i.e. 0.321 kg seeds/m3 water applied, respectively, in 2012 and 2013 seasons were recorded due to 60 Nkg fed-1 level and 2200 m3/fed water interaction.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
779
790
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49399_b0426d35b50563fce8ce63526c14851d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49399
EFFECT OF MINERAL POTASSIUM, COMPOST AND BIOFERTILIZERS ON SOIL PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SESAME GROWN ON SALT AFFECTED SOILS
A. H.
Abdel-Rahman
Soils, Water & Environment. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
A field experiment was conducted in salt affected soils during the summer season 2010 at El- Amel village, Sahl El-Tina, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilizer applied at a rate of 25, 50 or 75 K2O kg fed-1 as mineral fertilizer (K2SO4) individually or combined with compost at a rate of 5 Mg fed-1or biofertilizer on sesame yield and yield components as well as some soil physical and chemical properties and available macronutrients (N, P and K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn). The results showed that potassium sulfate combined with compost significantly increased growth parameters and sesame yield and its contents of macro and micronutrients. The seed inoculation with biofertilizer in the presence of potassium sulfate significantly affected the sesame yield and its contents of the studied nutritive elements.
The interaction between potassium sulfate combined with compost and biofertilizers exhibited significant effect on plant growth, nutrients status in the seeds of sesame. Also, it enhanced some physical and chemical soil properties, where it reduced both pH, EC, bulk density, HC and increased total porosity, field capacity, wilting point and available water as well as availability of some nutrients such as N, P and K. It could be concluded that the seed inoculation with biofertilizer combined with compost in the presence of potassium sulfate resulted in high productivity of sesame under new reclaimed salt affected soils. Overall, compost treatments improved soil physical and chemical properties compared to mineral potassium fertilizer and initial soils.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
791
805
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49418_6612a95f7ee2d6dfd6c16efc216c67da.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49418
DEVELOPMENT OF HYDRAULIC PULL- METER TO COMPATIBLE WITH MONOTERING DATA INSTRUMENT
A.M.F.
Bahnasy
Agric. Eng. Research Institute, Giza- Egypt.
author
A.A.
El-Gwady
Agric. Eng. Research Institute, Giza- Egypt.
author
A.A.I.
Mohamed
Agric. Eng. Research Institute, Giza- Egypt.
author
M. M.
Metwalli
Agric. Eng. Research Institute, Giza- Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
The hydraulic pull-meter and strain pull-meter are normally used to test tractors and agricultural machines. Each one has advantage and disadvantage. Data obtained from the hydraulic pull-meter is steady and is recorded manually from its dial. So, at the high speeds, it is hard to record data accurately as the responsible man for the measurements should run beside the tractor at its speeds. Also, few readings usually record especially at high speeds. On the other hand, readings obtained from strain pull-meter are too many at any tractor’s speed as they are recorded and stored automatically. Reading obtained from strain pull-meter is not steady.
So, in the present study, the hydraulic pull-meter was developed to have the advantages of both pull-meters. The development was done by engaging a designed vessel electronic device to its outlet fluid line to convert the manual dial reading to an electronic reading. The design calculations indicated that the maximum draft can be applied to the developed vessel electronic device is up about to 68.6 kN.
Laboratory and field tests were carried out using the developed pull-meter and pre-calibrated strain pull-meter. In addition to a pre-calibrated hydraulic pull-meter. The static analysis of the laboratory results showed that the correlation coefficient (R2) of the developed hydraulic pull-meter was higher than that of the strain pull-meter compared with the pre-calibrated hydraulic pull-meter.
Field test results, on clay soil, showed that the error was higher than that at the laboratory calibration. They were 8% and 33% for the developed hydraulic pull-meter and strain pull-meter compared with the pre-calibrated hydraulic pull-meter.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
807
816
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49416_275fe8e38e47eaadf46ef3d72e1ad0d8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49416
SPECIATION AND MOBILITY OF LEAD AND ZINC IN SOME CONTAMINATED SOILS OF EGYPT
M. A.
Abd El - Aziz
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute,Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
Heavy and trace elements are potentially toxic to human life and the environment. Element toxicity depends on chemical associations in soils. Therefore, determining the chemical form of an element in soils is important to evaluate its mobility and bioavailability. In this study, three polluted soil profiles representing the most predominant soil types (ie, clayey, calcareous and sandy soils) of Egypt were investigated for the distribution and chemical fractions of Pb and Zn and their mobility in relation to soil properties. Sequential extraction was used to fractionate Pb and Zn into six operationally defined groups: water soluble (F1), exchangeable (F2), carbonate (F3), Fe-Mn oxide (F4), organic (F5) and residual (F6). This sequential extraction procedure is based on operationally defined mobile (F1 to F3) and immobile (F4 to F6). The obtained results indicated that the residual fraction was the dominant pool for the studied elements examined in the different soils, and accordingly the potential availability of these studied elements was extremely low. In contaminated clay soil, Pb and Zn were mostly concentrated in the residual and oxide-bound fractions, while in contaminated calcareous soil the Pb and Zn was mostly concentrated in the residual and carbonate-bound fractions. In contaminated sandy soil, Pb and Zn bound to organic matter was the dominant fraction where Pb and Zn distribution pattern followed the order: organic-bound> residual> oxides-bound> carbonate-bound> exchangeable> water soluble fractions. The values of mobility factor (MF = [sum (F1 to F3) x 100/sum F1 to F6)] showed that Zn is more mobile than Pb metal in the studied soils. Therefore, Zn is likely to be easily taken up by vegetation grown in these contaminated soils. For Pb and Zn the MF values were highest (19.20 – 22.24%, respectively) in contaminated clay soil and lowest (7.43 – 9.71%) in sandy soil, while intermediate (13.58 – 18.06%, respectively) in calcareous soil. The correlation of Pb and Zn forms with some soil properties showed that soil organic matter content and pH were the most important factors controlling Pb and Zn distribution and subsequently, its bioavailability in contaminated clay and calcareous soils, while in contaminated sandy soil, the most effective soil properties on Pb and Zn speciation were organic matter and clay contents followed by soil pH.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
817
830
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49557_1cb5c2c87e5451398a9b960b40241e0e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49557
EFFECT OF SOME SOIL AMENDMENTS AND COMPOST ON SOME SOYBEAN VARIETIES PRODUCTIVITY AND SOIL PROPERTIES UNDER SALT AFFECTED SOILS
A. A. E.
Atwa
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center
author
R. A. I.
Abo Mustafa
Field Crops Research Institute, (A. R .C)
author
text
article
2014
eng
A field experiment was conducted during the two successive summer seasons of 2012 and 2013 at the experimental farm of Sakha Agric. Res. Station, Kafr EL-Sheikh Governorate. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of gypsum, sulphur and organic fertilizer (rice straw compost) on soybean yield, its chemical composition and soil chemical properties under three levels of soil salinity5.00, 9.00and 13.00 dS/m. The experiments were laid in split plot design, where the main plots, were allocoted for soil amendments: control treatment,-Rice straw compost at rate of 4 ton fed-1, sulphur at rate of 800 kg fed-and gypsum at level of 4tonfed-1 while the sub plots were allotted for soybean cultivars; Giza111, Dr 101, Giza35, Giza82, Giza83, Toano and Holyday. The treatments were replicated four times.
The results can be summarized as follows:-
1- The soybean yield and its components were significantly affected by salinity, soil amendments and soybean cultivars
2- The highest soybean seed yield were obtained by Giza 35 and Giza83 under application of gypsum treatmentat three levels of soil salinity
3- The maximum values of N, P and K contents in the seeds were obtained by Giza111 .Giza 35 andGiza82 under gypsum treatment
4- The highest straw yields were recorded from Toano and Holyday, cultivars
5-Soil salinity decreased as follows gypsum>sulphur>compost>control in the soil at the end of experiments
6- Availability of N, P and K of soil after harvesting of soybean plants were increased at S1and S2 especially with application of compost comparing to control
7-The seed yield as affected by cultivars which can be arranged according to tolerance for salinity as follows: Giza83 = Giza35= Giza111=Dr101= Holyday =. Toano > Giza 82) at S1. (Giza83 = Giza35> Giza111. =Dr101= Holyday = Toano > Giza82) at s2 and Giza83 = Giza35> Giza111. =Dr101< Holyday = Toano > Giza82) at S3 under gypsum treatment respectively
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
831
845
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49558_ffc0084679267e72fb6cbb9019202337.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49558
THE INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVES ON DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND THE ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
A. I.
Moussa
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. ARC Dokki Giza
author
A. F.
Bahnasy
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. ARC Dokki Giza
author
F.
El-Marakby
High Institute of Public Health, Alex. Univ.
author
A. I.
Ahmed
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. ARC Dokki Giza
author
A. A.
Gawady
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. ARC Dokki Giza
author
text
article
2014
eng
Biodiesel is the best alternative for Diesel fuels in Diesel engines. The biggest advantage that Biodiesel has over petroleum Diesel is its environmental friendliness. Different types of additives were used to enhance Biodiesel properties and its performance in the Diesel engine 26.12 kW. Biodiesel was produced from waste vegetable oil and additives which have been used are Gasoline, Kerosene, Diesel and Turpentine. Different additives to Biodiesel were tested and compared with Diesel fuel. The engine performance, fuel consumption, and emission were tested on PTO tractor at 540 rpm. It was found that power was increased by using B50SG (Biodiesel 50 % plus 50 % Solar and Gasoline) compared to Diesel fuel about 5.14 %. While, fuel consumption decreased about 5.92 % using B50SG compared to Diesel fuel. Also, there was statistically significance difference between all levels of additives and the Diesel considering the concentration of evolved carbon monoxide (CO), indicating the dramatic decrease in the concentration of CO due to the component of Oxygen in Biodiesel treatments which resulting in complete combustion. The exhaust gas temperature decreased using additives as there was statistically significance difference between the different of 24 treatments of the additives and Diesel. Additives did not affect much on NOx compared to Diesel fuel.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
847
858
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49556_f98a14c28db7fd2efb2a481d919ccb98.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49556
EFFECT OF MILLING MACHINE TYPE AND MILLING TIME ON FINAL QUALITY OF MILLED RICE AND PERCENTAGE OF BRAN OIL
Y.T.
Hendawy
Researcher at the Agric., Eng., Res., Institute. (AEnRI), Giza.
author
A. E.
Khater
Researcher at the Agric., Eng., Res., Institute. (AEnRI), Giza.
author
text
article
2014
eng
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of two different types of milling machines (abrasive & friction) and five milling times (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 sec.) on total and head rice yield, whiteness degree, bran percentage, oil percentage of the produced bran, and nutrition constitutes of milled rice. The experimental work was conducted for two different rice varieties ( Short grain variety Sakha 104 and long grain variety Yasmin). The obtained results showed that, for both studied varieties, the total and head rice yields decreased with the increase of milling time. While, the abrasive type milling machine produced higher total and head rice yield in comparison with the friction type. Also for both types of milling machines, prolonged continuous milling (over 60 sec.) increased the whiteness degree of milled rice slightly, but brought about a drastic reduction in head rice yield. Meanwhile, the percentage of bran was increased while the percentage of extracted oil was decreased with the increasing of milling time for both types of milling machines and both rice varieties. Milling percentage, whiteness degree and grain transparency were increased with the increasing of milling time for both types of milling machines and both rice varieties. Also, as milling progressed from low to high degree of milling, the levels of protein, lipids, ash, and minerals decreased while the level of starch increased.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
859
870
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49393_c8df216888e03093866fd3edb8f3c437.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49393
MONITORING AND DETECTING LAND AND WATER RESOURCES POTENTIAL FOR RAINFED AGRICULTURE OF WADI MAGED IN WESTERN NORTH COAST - EGYPT USING REMOTE SENSING, GIS AND HYDROLOGICAL MODEL
M. M.
Shoman
RS & GIS Unit, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Egypt belongs to an arid and semi-arid climate region. About 960 000 km2 or 96% of the Egyptian area is covered by desert (Sinai Peninsula, Eastern Desert and the Western desert). In the desert, the primary sources of water are rainfall and underground water, which is mostly saline or not available at all. When there is no rainfall, people face drought and famine. Those years without rain also reduce grazing lands, increase livestock mortality and bring additional misery for inhabitants of the areas. The main objectives of this study are: 1) Monitoring and detecting the water resources in terms of potential runoff, wetness index, power index, sedimentary index and finally location of cisterns of wadi-Mages basin in Northern West coast of Egypt, 2) Detecting the catchment areas and identifying the state of the suitable area for cultivation and soil resources at wadi-Mages basin by the integration of RS/GIS technologies through geostatistical analysis and hydrological model. To achieve these aims, it has been choosed the most suitable source of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by using topographic maps, to identify the drainage network and catchment's areas of basins and sub-basins through DEM-Hydro processing. Estimation of runoff volume and runoff irrigation potential were through rational hydrological formula, and identifying potential sites for water harvesting and soil types of the rainfed agricultural areas of Wadi Maged catchment. Based on the location of outlets and the wetness index, soil samples were collected from 10 soil profiles and defined the soil types based on the results of soil properties. Results showed that Wadi Maged watershed have an area 21094 Fed. It was comprised 9 sub-basins at 2500m stream length with potential runoff irrigation areas ranged from 7 to 76 Fed. when rainfall is 100 mm/year, and ranged from 11 to 114 Fed. when rainfall is 150 mm/year, and ranged from 18 to 190 Fed. when rainfall is 250 mm/year. About 20 potential cisterns of Wadi Maged basin for runoff water harvesting and storage were assessed and their optimal locations were identified. Wadi Maged basin was classified into 3 classes are Typic Torriorthents, Typic Torripsamments and Lithic Torripsamments in addition to rocky areas. The integrated methodology of this study could be represented as a ready module for applying at different locations for rainfed agriculture in Egypt.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
871
893
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49408_a6ae33fa6112c682b032234ce485767e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49408
THE IMPLICATIONS OF FISH AQUACULTURE ON THE QUALITY OF THE SEDIMENTS OF THE EARTHEN PONDS AT DELTA BREEDING STATION
H. H.
Abbas
Fac. of Agric., Banha University.
author
Esmat A.
Nofal
Fac. of Agric., Banha University.
author
M.
Abdel Meguid
Environmental Research Institute- National Water Research Center.
author
Y. M.
Ali
Channel Maintenance Research Institute- National Water Research Center.
author
Maha M.
Ali
Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring- National Water Research Center.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Egyptian aquaculture has been started with the use of traditional extensive and semi-intensive techniques. Rapid aquaculture development has occurred in recent years, after it had been identified as the best answer to reduce the increasing gap between supply and demand for fish. However, there is much concern about the increasing of the nutrient load and trace elements in sediment of earthen ponds due to the process of rearing fish of different sizes and ages. Based on this statement, the present study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of the bottom sediments of the earthen ponds at the Delta Breeding Station (DBS) and identifying problems raised from different activities especially that cause sediment pollution during rearing the fish, grass carp.
Results showed that the texture of the sediment in earthen pond was slightly similar. It ranged from sandy loam to loam. However, during rearing the grass carp in different sizes in the earthen ponds, the quality of the sediment has been widely changed after 3, 6 and 9 months from the stocking of fish. With increasing the period of stocking of fish in the earthen ponds, the values of pH have been statistically decreased, while the values of (EC), (HCO3-), (Ca2+), (K+), (Mg2+), (Na+), (Cl-), (NO2-), (NO3-), (NH4-H+), (PO43+), (SO42+) ions and the heavy metals (Ba), (Cd), (Co), (Cr), (Cu), (Fe), (Mn), (Ni), (Pb), (V) and (Zn) have been statistically increased. Also the percentage of organic matter (O.M) increased. In addition, the sediments in earthen ponds which were stocked with the breeders of grass carp were characterized by having the higher values of anions, cations and heavy metals in the sediment more than the sediment of the earthen ponds which stocked with fingerlings of grass carp. This is mainly attributed to the feeding process.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
895
910
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49414_0fa02671c1877a54d1133cd2aac46003.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49414
INFLUENCE OF SOME FACTORS AFFECTING CARROT HARVESTING
E. A.
Amin
Dept. Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
Z. E.
Ismail
Dept. Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
T. H.
El-Shabrawy
Dept. Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
H.S.
Faleih
Dept. Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
The digging harvesting machine was modified and tested to perform the effect of harvesting speeds on harvesting carrot as lifting, un-lifting, damaged, un-damaged and machine productivity. These indicators were evaluated under condition of medium at El Dakahlia Governorate in Belqas, Egyptian. A lot of the experimental field were conducted on carrot harvesting under three different levels of separator length (450, 700 and 1200mm); reciprocated cam with link length of 180, 210 and 240 mm and three forward speeds (3.6;, 5.1 and 7.2km/h) and three share (Sweeping, Nose and Shovel). The obtained results concluded that the maximum value of carrot lifting efficiency was 99% recorded at nose shape type, 3.6 km/h harvesting speed, separator length 1200mm and reciprocated cam with link length of 210mm. At reciprocated cam with link length of 180mm, increasing forward speed from 3.6 to 7.2 km/h increased the un-lifted of 6, 7 and 9% times at separator length of 450, 700 and 1200mm respectively. Generally, increasing harvesting speed increased carrot damage. For example, recorder less value to damage 1.99at forward speed3.6km/h, sweeping shape type, reciprocated cam with link length of 180mm and length separator 450mm. while recorded highest value to mechanical damage 10% at forward speed 7.2km/h. By increasing forward speed from 3.6 to 7.2 km/h decreased productivity under all treatments at reciprocated cam with link length of 180, 210 and 240mm.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
5
v.
6
no.
2014
911
922
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49417_5b7ab5e41d5036df23e351909eecc1ef.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2014.49417