PERFORMANCE CLEANING UNIT FOR CLOVER SEEDS AFFECTING SOME PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
R. A. A.
Werby
Lect., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. Ag., Al-Azhar Univ.
author
text
article
2013
eng
The primary objective of this investigation was to provide database about the physical properties ( length , width , mass of 1000 –seeds, volume , percent of sphericity, geometric diameter, arithmetic diameter, transverse surface area, flat surface area, true density and bulk density ) and mechanical properties ( friction angle, angle of repose, hardness, and terminal velocity) of clover seeds. Also, to study some parameters affecting cleaning unit such as diameter of holes, air speed, sieve tilt angle, sieve oscillation with feed rate of 500 kg/h, and moisture content of 10.5 %. Three different varieties of clover seeds: AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi which are considered as the most important clover seeds in Egypt.The results indicated that :Length, and width, for AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi were 2.40, and 2.10; 2.45and 2.12 ; 3.00 and 2.10 mm respectively. percent of sphericity and Volume for AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi were 87 , 86 and 70 % ; 4.55 , 4.65 , and 5.36mm3 respectively.
Friction angle with three sheets from stainless steel, metal and wood was 24 , 31and 36 degree; 24, 31, and 37 degree;25, 32 and 38 degree for AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi respectively. Terminal velocities for AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi were ,15 , 15 and 16 m/s respectively.
From the study , the principals parametere of sieve unit, the diameters of round sieve hole were , 3.0, 3.0 and3.5 mm for AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi respectively. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows:
- The cell area depends on the physical properties of seeds clover and its shape depends on the percent of sphericity of seeds. The separation can be achieved on the basis of length using a screen aperture of 4 mm diameter, and percentage of sphericity of approximately 85 % on length for circular hole.
- Terminal velocity to suspend clover seeds ( variety AL-Mesqawi, AL-Khadrawi and Al-Seadi) was 16 m / s.
- The results showed that cell shape, sieve tilt angle, sieve oscillation and air speed were the main factors that affect purity and total losses in cleaning.
- The results showed that cell shape, sieve tilt angle, sieve oscillation and air speed were the main factors that affect purity and total losses in cleaning. The purity increased by increasing air speed, sieve tilt angle and sieve oscillation. Total losses increased by increased air speed, sieve tilt angle and oscillation.
-The optimum performance was at air speed of 6 m/s , moisture content of 10.5 %, sieve oscillation of 250 rpm, sieve tilt angle of 35 , round shaped sieve 4 mm diameter, and feed rate of 500 kg/h. purity at these conditions was 99 % and total losses 1 %.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
4
v.
1
no.
2013
1
13
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50543_037f6e2d2afc9171be65653029b87b94.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2013.50543
IMPACT OF WHEAT PLANTING METHODS, IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY AND LEVELS ON NUTRIENTS UPTAKE AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY.
M. E.
El-Hadidi
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mans. Univ., Egypt.
author
M. E.
Meleha
Water Management Res. Inst. National Water Res. Center
author
M. M.
Saied
Soil, Water and Environmental Res. Inst. , ARC,Giza, Egypt.
author
A. A.
EL-Naggar
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mans. Univ., Egypt.
author
Sara A.
El-Shabasy
Soil, Water and Environmental Res. Inst. , ARC,Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2013
eng
Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 at EL Karada, Water Requirements Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate- Water Management and Irrigation System Research Institute, National Water Research Center to study the effect of wheat planting methods, water quality and water stress on nutrients NPK uptake and water use efficiency. The experimental design was strip split plot design with three replicates. The main plots were planting methods, (Broadcast, drilling and transplanting), sub plots were (fresh irrigation water, fresh irrigation water alternated drainage irrigation water and drainage irrigation water), and sub sub plots were arranged with three water regime treatments (25, 50 and 75 %) depletion of available soil moisture.
Data showed that the nitrogen uptake by the grain and straw of wheat was significantly affected by planting methods and water quality while it was not affected significantly by water stress, The uptake of phosphorus in the grain and straw of wheat was significantly affected by planting methods, water quality and water depletion. The uptake of phosphorus by grain and straw of wheat was not significantly affected by water depletion. Also, data showed that the uptake of potassium in straw of wheat was not significantly affected by planting methods, water quality and water stress. The planting method and water quality had significant effect on uptake of potassium in grains but no significant with water depletion.
The grain yield was significantly affected by the planting methods, water quality and water depletion except for water depletion in 2009/2010 which had no significant effect on grain yield.
The highest value of crop water use efficiency was obtained with transplanting method and the lowest value was recorded with broadcast method. Concerning the water quality, the irrigation by fresh water recorded the highest value, while the lowest value was achieved with drainage water in the first and second seasons respectively, since the increase of available water resulted in an increase of crop water use efficiency. It can be concluded that the N-uptake by grain and straw of wheat plants decreased with transplanting method, increasing water salinity and water stress, whereas P-uptake by grain and straw of wheat plants decreased with increasing water salinity. It can be concluded that K uptake by grain and straw of wheat plants significantly decrease as water salinity increase.
The objective of this investigation is to study the impact of wheat planting methods, irrigation water quality and levels on nutrients NPK uptake by wheat and water use efficiency.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
4
v.
1
no.
2013
15
30
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50542_3cbf906f952b48bbb8e07759a824d9ad.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2013.50542
INCREASING CROP WATER PRODUCTIVITY BY USING THE BEST SCENARIOS OF THE CROPPING PATTERNS UNDER DIFFERENT AGRO-CLIMATIC ZONES
Samia M.
El-Marsafawy
Water requirements and field irrig. Res. Dept., Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., (SWERI), ARC.
author
N. G.
Ainer
Water requirements and field irrig. Res. Dept., Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., (SWERI), ARC.
author
M. H.
Kotb
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), ARC.
author
Manal M.
El-Tantawy
Water requirements and field irrig. Res. Dept., Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., (SWERI), ARC.
author
text
article
2013
eng
The aim of the present investigation was to improving and maximizing the crop water productivity "CWP" and looking for the optimum Scenario of the crop pattern to achieve more crops per drop concept under different agro-climatic zones in Egypt. Therefore, different scenarios of cropping patterns (33 scenarios) were suggested to examine them. The results could be summarized in the following:-
- In Nile Delta region the highest CWP (9.99 kg m-3 water consumption year-1) was obtained for the scenario of tomato (w) + potato (s). Nevertheless, the lowest scenario was registered for barley + soybean (1.21 kg m-3 water consumption year-1).
- In Middle Egypt, the highest scenario gave maximum CWP was found for tomato (w) + potato (s) followed by potato (w) + tomato (s) then sugarcane. On the contrary, the lowest one was registered for barley + sunflower.
- In the same direction, in Upper Egypt CWP ranged from 9.63 kg m-3 water consumption year-1 with the scenario of tomato (w) + potato (s) to 0.78 kg m-3 water consumption year-1 with the scenario of barley + soybean.
- Results clearly showed that the cropping pattern at the three main agro- climatic zones in Egypt which include vegetables crops were superior greatly in crop water productivity.
- The obtained results indicated that the values of "CWP" ranged between 9.99 to 1.21 in Delta, 7.91 to 0.85 in Middle Egypt and 9.63 to 0.78 kg m-3 in Upper Egypt.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
4
v.
1
no.
2013
31
38
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50540_549af9535d4c660078a78dbceaf038d8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2013.50540
TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS IN A SWEET COLOURED PEPPER COMMERCIAL GRENHOUSES EQUIPPED WITH SOLAR HEATING AND EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS
S. M.
Abdellatif
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fact. Agric., Mansoura Univ.
author
H. N.
Abd EL-Mageed
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fact. Agric., Mansoura Univ.
author
H. M. H.
EL-Ghazali
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fact. Agric., Mansoura Univ.
author
text
article
2013
eng
The study presents an experimental investigation of solar heating and evaporative cooling systems for heating and cooling sweet coloured pepper greenhouse during Agriculture season of 2010-2011. The use of solar energy system for greenhouse heating in winter and cold days helps to save fossil fuels and conserve green farm environment on the one hand, and on the other, enhances the quality of greenhouse products, reduces production costs and limits the release of greenhouse gases. To predict the air temperature gradients inside a commercial greenhouse, a simple climate model that incorporates the effect of heating cycle and ventilation rate, is functioned. In order to validate the proposed model, different measurements (included indoor and outdoor air temperatures, air relative humidity, and solar radiation flux incident) were measured and recorded in a computer fill. The commercial greenhouse was equipped with a complete solar heating system (six solar panels, storage tank and heat distributing system) for heating 750 litres of water and evaporative cooling system for ventilating and cooling 851.04 m3 total volume. The daily average overall thermal efficiencies of the solar panels and the storage system during the experimental period, respectively, were 67.51% and 75.46%. Over 181 days heating season the solar heating system provided 37.725 kWh (66.61%) of the daily total heat energy required (56.640 kWh). This percentage could be increased by reducing heat losses from the greenhouse. The measured air temperatures held generally above the predicted one by about 1 to 2ºC, during the experimental period. Due to the microclimatic conditions of the greenhouse were at or around the desired level, the sweet coloured pepper had have optimal vegetative growth rate, stem length, number of fruits being seated, and fresh yield. The total annual costs per square meter of greenhouse were L.E. 35.722.The fresh yield of sweet coloured pepper was 5.563 kg/m2, which sold by L.E. 55.63, consequently, the estimated return on capital was 55.73% per annum.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
4
v.
1
no.
2013
39
55
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50538_16deaa6d4e9a3fc1009d5b9c8c6cd55c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2013.50538
RESPONSE OF SOME TOMATO VARIETIES TO BIO AND NITROGEN FERTILIZERS UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM.
Kh. H.
El-Hamdi
Soil Sci. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
H.G.
Abo El-Fotoh
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soils, Water & Env. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt.
author
Maha A. A.
Fathallah
Soil Sci. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
text
article
2013
eng
A pot experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station of Sakha, during the summer season of 2011 to study effect of bio and mineral nitrogen fertilizer on productivity of some tomato varieties under drip fertigation system. Split split plot design with four replicates was performed. The main plots were assigned by 2 tomato var. of Alesa and Super streen B, The sub plots were occupied with 2 biofertilizer treatments 1- unfertilized 2- fertilized with biofertilizer (bio fertilizer is compost tea enriched with Bacillus megatheriem, Azotobacter and Azosperlium). Finally, the sub-sub plots were occupied with 4 N fertigation levels (Without N fertigation dose, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended N fertigation dose).
Data revealed that the highest mean values of fresh and dry weights of whole plant (g pot-1) were obtained from 100% of the recommended N fertigation dose with biofertilizer under Alesa var. Meanwhile, the lowest values of fresh and dry weights of whole plant (g pot-1) were obtained from the control without biofertilizer under Super streen B var.
The highest mean values of fruits as fresh and dry weights (g pot-1) were obtained from 100% of the recommended N fertigation dose with biofertilizer under Alesa var. Meanwhile, the lowest mean values of fruits as fresh and dry weights (g pot-1) were obtained from the control without biofertilizer under Super streen B var.
The highest values of N and P concentration (%) in shoots were obtained from 100% of recommended N fertigation dose with biofertilizer under Alesa var, while the highest (K%) value was obtained from 100% of the recommended N fertigation dose with biofertilizer under Super streen B var compared with the control. The highest value of N concentration (%) in fruits was obtained from 100%of the recommended N fertigation dose with biofertilizer under Alesa var. compared with the control. The highest values of (P and K%) in fruits were obtained from100% of the recommended N fertigation dose with biofertilizer under Super streen B var compared with the control (without biofertilizer under Super streen B var.).
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
4
v.
1
no.
2013
57
69
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50539_602b4fe6c31d191600b8a7e7e5e66cc6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2013.50539