EFFECT OF WATER QUALITIY ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SOME ONION (Allium cepa L.) CULTIVARS, SOIL PROPERTIES AND THEIR CONTENTS OF HEAVY METALS
A. A. E.
Atwa
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute Agric. Res. Center
author
L. S. M.
Geries
Onion Res. Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
Hamida M. A.
El - Sanafawy
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute Agric. Res. Center
author
I. A.
El-Saiad
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute Agric. Res. Center
author
text
article
2012
eng
Two Lyzimeter experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate Egypt, for two seasons, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 Lyzimeters (100 x 70 x 90 cm) were filled with clayey soil and irrigated with for three water treatments twenty five years
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation water quality for long-term on productivity of three onion cultivars Behairy Red (CV1), Giza 20 (CV2) and Giza Red (CV3). Three irrigation water qualities; Nile water (W1), agriculture drainage water (W3) and mixed water; W2 ( 50% W1 + 50% W3) used for irrigation to study its effects on onion contents from four heavy metals Ni, Cd, Pb and Cu and some soil characteristics. A split–plot design with four replicates was used where, water treatments and cultivars were allocated to main and sub-plots, respectively.
The obtained results showed that:
Using poor water quality for irrigation increased ECe, SAR, soluble cations and anions in soil paste extract and DTPA extractable heavy metals in soils (Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb) than that of mixed or good water quality.
The maximum values of marketable yield and total bulbs yield/fed. As well as bulb quality (bulb diameter and average bulb weight) were obtained by irrigated with Nile water, while the lowest values were obtained by agriculture drainage water in 1st and 2nd seasons.
Behairy Red cultivar produced the highly significant marketable yield and total yield, and significantly decreased culls yield as well as bulb quality (bulb diameter and average bulb weight). On the other hand, Giza 20 produced the highly significant total soluble solids (TSS%) in both seasons.
The highest values concerning the previous characters were obtained with Behairy Red cultivar under Nile water irrigation, whereas the lowest values were obtained by Giza Red in soil irrigated with agriculture drainage water in both seasons.
Content of the studied heavy metals were greater in bulb than in leaves.
The results showed that Behairy Red cultivar (cv1) was more tolerant cultivar to agriculture drainage and mixed water and its contents of Ni, Pb and Cu.
No significant differences were found between Cd content at all studied onion cultivars used for.
The heavy metals content of onion cultivars from can be arranged as follows:
With Pb: CV1<C V3 < CV2
With Cu: CV1 < CV2 < CV3
With Ni: CV2 < CV1 < CV3
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1095
1109
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54510_9528a6a6a98334cfb41623d683749e54.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54510
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER DEFICIT ON BACTERIAL DIVERSITY, WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CALCAREOUS SOIL
M. S. A.
Elkasass
Soil and Water Depart., Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
author
M. A. N.
Mohamed
Soil and Water Depart., Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
author
Esraa A. M.
Rahema
Soil and Water Depart., Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2012
eng
Two experiments were carried out in calcareous sandy loam soil of Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Science, El-ArishSuez CanalUniversity, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. The first experiment (pot experiment) aimed to study the effect of deficit irrigation water on enumeration of microorganisms associated with roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum vulgare cv. Sakha 93) and bacterial diversity. The obtained data indicated that there is no obvious effect of deficit irrigation water on the enumeration of total bacterial and actinomycetes count. Bacterial strains were classified into 14 clusters according to morphological characteristics, gram staining and growth curves. The bacterial strains were grouped into ten clusters when soils were irrigated by 100 and 75% ETm whereas fourteen clusters were obtained when soils were irrigated by 50 and 25% ETm causing an appearance of new strains having the ability to survive in water stress conditions.
The second experiment (field experiment) aimed to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation water under drip irrigation system on water relations, yield and growth parameters of wheat crop. The actual evapotranspiration (ETa) of wheat crop was decreased with increasing applied deficit irrigation water. The highest ETa value of wheat crop was found at applied deficit irrigation water of 100% ETm followed by 75, 50 and 25% ETm. The highest water use efficiency was found at deficit irrigation water level of 25% ETm followed by100, 50, 75% ETm. The deficit of irrigation water of 100 % ETm had the highest values for plant height and number of tillers per m2, while the deficit irrigation water of 25 % ETm had the lowest ones. The deficit of irrigation water of 100 % ETm had the highest values of grains, straw yields and weight of 1000 grain, while the deficit irrigation water of 25 % ETP had the lowest ones.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1111
1123
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54695_4c2735dbd29b3556a03524ab3edd941f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54695
HEAVY METALS CONTENT OF SOME COTTON GENOTYPES AND SOIL PROPERTES AS AFFECTED BY WATER QUALITY
F. I.
Zein
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center
author
N. I.
Talha
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center
author
Hamida M. A.
El - Sanafawy
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center
author
I. A.
El-Saiad
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center
author
text
article
2012
eng
Plant uptake is one of the major pathways by which toxic metals enter to human food chain. The irrigation water, important source of toxic metals, is contaminated with effluent and other pollutants due to the widespread industrialization. Two lyzimeter experiments were conducted at Sakha Agric. Res. Station, Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt, for two successive seasons, 2010 and 2011.It aimed to study the effect of irrigation water quality for long –term on productivity of four cotton genotypes; Giza86, Giza87, Giza88 and Giza89 in the two seasons were to study the content of their root, stem, leaves, and seed cotton of heavy metals; Cd, Ni and Pb as affected by irrigation water quality. Lyzimeters (100\ 70/ 90 cm) were filled with clayey soil was irrigated with three water qualities since 1987. They were W1, Nile water, W3, drainage water and W2, mixed water, 50% W1+50%W3. A split –plot design with four replicates were used where, irrigation water quality and cotton genotype were allocated to main and sub-plots, respectively .The obtained results showed that using drainage water quality for irrigation increased ECe, SAR, soluble Na+, Mg++, So4=and Cl- in soil paste extract, total and available Pb,Cd and Ni than that of mixed or Nile water. The results show also that the effect of genotypes were different significantly for all studied cotton yield and same characters of tested genotypes .The effect of drainage water on studied genotypes were significantly different on most studied characters; the highest values for seed cotton yield , seed and plant high were obtained from Nile water followed by mixed water mean while drainage water gave the lowest values for this characters .The interaction between water qualities and cotton genotypes were significant in some studied characters. In general, stem cotton of the studied heavy metals were higher than that of root, leaves, and seed cotton for all water quality treatments .Cotton root, stem, leaves, and seed cotton contents of Pb ,Cd and Ni greater when drainage water ( W3 ) was applied than that of the mixed or Nile water.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1125
1136
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54527_33361d0d50e9314033ead0b79c9279e7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54527
EFFECT OF SOME SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVELS ON SOME SOIL PROPERTIES AND ITS PRODUCTIVITY AT NORTH DELTA
G. M. A.
El-Sanat
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.
author
text
article
2012
eng
A field experiment was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt to evaluate the effect of subsoiling, sandy mole drains and nitrogen fertilization on improving some soil properties, some water relations and yields of wheat (2008/2009) and maize (2009) in clayey salt affected soils. The design of this experiment was laid in split-split plot design with four replicates. The main plots were assigned to nitrogen fertilizer levels (75, 90 and 110 kg N/fed.). The subplots were devoted to mole drain spacing (2, 4, and 6m), while the mole types (subsoiling and mole drain filled with sand) were allocated in sub-sub plots.
The most important findings could be summarized as follows:
● The application of subsoiling at 2m spacing with addition of 110 kg N /fed., gave the highest production of wheat (2632 kg grain/fed. and 3680 kg straw /fed.) and maize ( 3380 kg grain /fed. and 5361 kg straw /fed.).
● The values of ECe and SARe in the top soil layer after harvesting of wheat and maize crops were lower than that in subsoil layers.
● The installation of sandy moles at 2m spacing was more effective in leaching of soil salts comparing to that with or without subsoiling. Therefore, the highest mean values of ECe and SARe after harvesting of wheat (6.35 dSm-1 and 12.36, respectively) and after harvesting of maize (5.05 dSm-1 and 11.10, respectively) were achieved with sandy moles at 2 m spacing.
● The highest values of field water use efficiency for wheat grains 1.14 kg/m3 was achieved from interaction between sandy mole at 6m spacing with 110 kg N/fed. While the highest value of crop water use efficiency (2.03kg/m3) was achieved with sandy mole drains at 2m spacing under 110kg N /fed.
● The highest values of field water use efficiency for maize grains (1.0 kg/m3) was obtained from combination between the control treatment and 90 kg N/fed ,while the highest value of crop water use efficiency (1.52 kg/m3) was achieved from sandy mole at 6m spacing under 110 kg N /fed.
* The subsoiling followed by sandy mole at 2m spacing were more effective on basic infiltration rate and achieved the highest values of basic infiltration rate.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1137
1151
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54688_346cc0dbb02ba01fb1e7a75b5f1d5902.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54688
EFFECT OF ORGANIC, INORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND STORAGE PERIODS ON GRAIN YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF TWO EGYPTIAN RICE CULTIVARS
S. S.
Naeem
Rice Res. &Training Center, Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, 33717 Sakha – Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt.
author
Howida B. I.
El-habet
Rice Res. &Training Center, Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, 33717 Sakha – Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt.
author
R. A.
El- Namaky
Rice Res. &Training Center, Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, 33717 Sakha – Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt.
author
M. H.
El-Salamouni
Rice Res. &Training Center, Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, 33717 Sakha – Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt.
author
text
article
2012
eng
To evaluate the impact of organic fertilizer (composted rice straw), chemical fertilizer and storage periods on grain yield and nutritional value of two Egyptian rice cultivars .i.e. hybrid1 (SK-2034H) and Sakha 105, two field experiments were carried out in Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC) farm during the two rice growing seasons 2009 and 2010. Four fertilizer treatments i.e, T1= 0 (untreated control), T2= 5 tons Composted rice straw /ha, T3= 165 kg N/ ha andT4= 5 tons Composted rice straw/ ha + 165 kg N /ha with five storage periods 0 (without storage), 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after harvest. Grain yield, protein percentage and concentration of some micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) in grains of the two cultivars significantly increase with individual or in combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers treatments in both seasons. Data indicated that the grain yield, protein percentage and concentration of micronutrients in grain of hybrid 1 were higher than that of Sakha 105 rice cultivar at all treatments under this study. The highest values of protein percentage and concentrations of Fe, Mn and Zn in rice grain of two cultivars were recorded at the treatment of T4= 165 kg N + 5 tons composted rice straw /ha. On the other hand Protein (%) was not affected by storage period but concentration of Fe, Mn and Zn in grains of two rice varieties increased with increasing storage periods and the highest concentrations of micronutrients was found at the storage period of 12 months. From these results of this study, it could be recommended that the integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers management could increase micronutrient contents in grain and consequently, improve nutritional quality of two rice cultivars under study.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1153
1168
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54511_48b43f356fc362aa06c78ddf956a2e54.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54511
INTERACTION EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION TYPES, NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM APLICATIONS ON YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS OF WHEAT PLANTS.
H. A.
Sonbol
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
Kh. H.
El-Hamdi
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
A. A.
Mosa
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
Noha R.
Hashish
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
text
article
2012
eng
Two field experiments were conducted during the two successive seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 in Sherben District, Dakahlia Governorate to study the interaction effects of organic fertilization types , nitrogen and potassium applications on yield , yield components and nutrient contents of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.). Two types of organic fertilizers ( FYM and compost) , four levels of N-fertilization (0 , 60, 80 and 100 kg N fed-1) and three levels of K-fertilization (0 , 50 and 100 kg K2O fed-1 ) were examined .The experiment was conducted in a split split plot design. The obtained results indicated that the integrated treatment of 100 kg N fed-1+ 50 kg K2O fed-1and 14 ton fed-1 FYM produced the highest means of grain and straw yields and also improved the values of N,P and K concentration in plant tissues ,which could be recommended under the conditions of this experiment.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1169
1183
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54513_59f1227adbe93f4f08e861731464b09c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54513
EFFECTS OF AVAILABLE SOIL MOISTURE DEPLETION LEVELS AND SOME FOLIAR – SPRAYED ORGANIC ACIDS ADDITIONS ON YIELD AND SOME CROP WATER RELATIONS OF DRIP-IRRIGATED MAIZE
K. M.
Abd El-Latif
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC) Giza, Egypt
author
E. A. M.
Osman
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC) Giza, Egypt
author
T. A. A.
Eid
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC) Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2012
eng
A field experiment was conducted at El- Areish Agricultural Research Station, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt, during 2010 and 2011 summer seasons to study the effect of available soil moisture depletion levels and foliar spray with some organic acids on grain yield, yield components, nutrient contents in grains and some crop-water relations for drip – irrigated maize (SC-10 Hybrid) .Three irrigation regimes i.e. irrigation at 75, 60 and 45% of available soil moisture depletion(ASMD) as interacted with citric, salicylic and ascorbic acids besides the control, applied as foliar spray, at 35 and 50 days after sowing in the concentration of 1g/L. The adopted treatments were assessed in split plot design with four replicates.
The main obtained results were as follows:-
The maize grain yield significantly affected due to the adopted irrigation treatments in both seasons and irrigation at 45% ASMD regime resulted in higher grain yield and yield components values. On the contrary, the lowest values were obtained from irrigation at 75% ASMD regime.
Foliar spray with the tested organic acids significantly affected grain yield and most yield components in the two seasons of study and higher values were resulted from foliar - sprayed ascorbic acid.
Interaction of the adopted treatments significantly did not influence grain yield and yield components attributes in the two seasons of study.
The tested irrigation treatments insignificantly affected N, P, and K grains contents, however, higher values were noticed due to irrigation at 45% ASMD regime. Foliar spray with ascorbic acid resulted in the highest grains N and P figures. In addition, interaction of the adopted treatments insignificantly altered grains N, P and K contents, however, higher values of grains N and P contents were noticed due to interaction of irrigation at 45% ASMD and foliar spray of ascorbic acid.
5- Seasonal evapotranspiration (ETc) values as a function of assessed treatments were 54.82 and 55.45 cm in 2010 and 2011 seasons, respectively. Irrigation at 45% ASMD resulted in the highest ETc values, while, the lowest ones were obtained due to irrigation at 75% ASMD regime. Foliar spray with the tested organic acids slightly reduced ETc values, comparable with the control. Interaction of irrigation at 45% ASMD and no-foliar spray with organic acids (control) gave the highest ETc values which comprised 55.38 and 56.06 cm in 2010 and 2011 seasons, whereas the lowest ones were detected from irrigation at 75% ASMD and foliar application of ascorbic acid in 2010 season and with irrigation at 75% ASMD and foliar spray with citric acid in 2011 season (35.55 and 37.17cm, respectively).
6- The calculated crop coefficients were 0.22, 0.43, 1.14, 1.02 and 0.34 for May, June, July, August and September (Mean of two seasons).
7- The highest water use efficiency values resulted from irrigating maize at 75% ASMD which reached 1.57 and 1.37 kg grains m-3 water consumed, while irrigation at 45% ASMD gave the lowest values which comprised 1.44 and 1.31 grains m-3 water consumed in the two seasons, respectively. The tested organic acids resulted in higher WUE values, comparable with the control, and ascorbic acid gave the highest values which comprised 1.90 and 1.67 kg grains m-3 water consumed in the two seasons, respectively. Higher WUE could be achieved due to irrigating maize plants at 75% ASMD as interacted with foliar spray of ascorbic acid . Under the trial conditions and on achieving higher water productivity and reasonable maize grain yield as well, its advisable to irrigate maize crop at 60% ASMD regime with foliar spray of citric, salicylic or ascorbic acids.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1185
1201
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54512_ecb649752b0bbae1aa7f7644234dfb7c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54512
CHALLENGES FACING FOOD PRODUCTION IN UPPER EGYPT: P AMENDMENTS BETWEEN GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS AND LOW EFFICIENCY FERTILIZERS
F. M.
Fahmi
Soils, Water & Environ. Res. Inst. (SWERI), Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
M. H. H.
Abbas
Faculty Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ., Egypt.
author
text
article
2012
eng
One of the challenges that faces food production recently in upper Egypt is the governmental obligations for applying gypsum to arable lands which contains 50 g P kg-1total P (called phospho-gypsum). Although these soils are not sodic and contain high soil-P residual from the previous soil fertilization for many years. The current research aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using the pH reducing amendment (elemental sulfur) or P-dissolving bacteria (phosphorin) to improve the use efficiency of P from soil and the phospho-gypsum and thus improve the grain yield of maize cultivars SC 3084 and SC 10. Growing plants in the presence of superphosphate fertilizers was taken into consideration for result comparison. The key findings indicate that inoculating maize seeds with phosphorin increased the grain yield production and, at the same time, increased the P-use efficiency. On the other hand, the application of phospho-gypsum caused further significant increases in the grain yield production without any further effect for the co-application of either elemental sulfur or even seed inoculation with phosphorin. Also, the application of superphosphate fertilizers increased significantly the production of grain yield over the increases recorded by application of the phospho-gypsum. However, P-applications reduced drastically P-use efficiencies; accordingly, we can consider the biological approach as efficient and responsive practices for increasing the efficiency of P-utilization by maize plants in soil with high residual soil-P content without further increases in the costs of production; or even soil pollution with contaminants that can be found as impurities in the used amendments.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1203
1213
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54703_087e91c43fbdb28c8bca5875696b400f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54703
IMPACT THE FOLIAR APPLICATION OF SILICON AND B WITH OR WITHOUT COMPOST ON SOIL FERTILITY AND PEANUT PRODUCTIVITY UNDER NEWLY RECLAIMED SOIL CONDITIONS
Kh. A. H.
Shaban
Soils & Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
M. K.
Abd el-Fattah
Soil Science Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig Univ.
author
M. A.
El-Galad
Soil, water and Environmental Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center (ARC).Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2012
eng
Two field experiments were carried out in a private farm at El-Quntra Shark east Suez Canal, Egypt during the two successive summer seasons of 2011 and 2012. Both experiments were conducted to study the influence of spraying on soil surface of Silicon i.e. 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm and boron i.e. 0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm with or without compost on soil fertility and yield, yield components, oil %, protein, proline, chlorophyll content as well as nutritive status of peanut plants grown on sandy saline soil. The soil is irrigated with Sprinkler from El-Salam canal water (Nile water mixed with agriculture drainage water 1:1). The cultivar of seeds peanut was Gregory. Plant samples were taken at maturity stage to estimate the yield and the chemical composition of seeds. The results showed significant increase in all studied parameters of peanut as compared with the treatment of without compost in both seasons. The highest values of yield and yield components were obtained from plants received foliar spraying with 150 ppm Si and 100 ppm B alone or with compost. Also different rates of Si and B increased significantly the concentration of N, P, K, Si, Zn and B in seeds of peanut in both seasons as compared without compost treatments. The highest values of N, P, K, Si, Zn and B concentrations in seeds of peanut plants were obtained by using (150 ppm of Si and 100 ppm of B combined with compost in both seasons. The highest values of oil (%), protein (%) and chlorophyll contents in peanut seeds in both of seasons were attained when the highest level of Si (150 ppm) and B (100 ppm) alone or combinated with compost. addition as foliar application. The different rates of Si and B led to decreases of proline in both seasons as compared with control. The highest values of proline in both seasons were obtained by using foliar spraying with the low rates of Si or B, under high soil salinity. Soil salinity (EC) was decrease when soil treated with compost combined with highest rates of Si 150 ppm and B 100 ppm. Soil pH decreased with increasing Si and B combined with compost .The highest values of N, P, K, Si, B and Zn were obtained from soil receiving foliar spraying with 150 ppm Si and 100 ppm B alone or with compost.
It could be concluded that foliar spray Si and boron at (100 and 150 ppm Si) and (50 and100 ppm B) in combination with compost led to improve soil fertility, enhanced plant growth and peanut yield and its components.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1215
1232
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54700_bf5081cb5118961c03eff4e9aba7694f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54700
EFFECT OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ON WATER ECONOMY AND MAIZE PRODUCTIVITY IN NEWLY RECLAIMED SALINE SOIL OF EGYPT
Manal F.
Tantawy
Soils, Water and Environment Res. lnst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Kh. A.
Shaban
Soils, Water and Environment Res. lnst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Faten A.
Al- Kamar
Soils, Water and Environment Res. lnst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2012
eng
A field experiment was carried out on saline soil ( loamy sand soil ) at Gelbana Village, El-Tina Plain, North – Western Sinai Peninsula , Egypt during two successive growing summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 to study the influence of potassium fertilization on the productivity of maize ( Zea mays L. , cv. Trible hybrid 310 ) and yield component . The maize was grown on newly reclaimed saline soil of Egypt under different levels of irrigation water. The used irrigation water resource was El-Salam Canal . Potassium fertilization was applied as soil application at rates of 0 , 24 , 36 and 48 kg K2O / fed. and as foliar application at rates of 0 , 1 , 2 and 4 % K2O, equal to 0, 4 , 8 and 16 kg K2O/ fed., respectively which dissolved in 400 liter water of irrigation and sprayed . The used K fertilizer was K2SO4 ( 48 % K2O ) . Each rate of added K as soil application and foliar application was added on two equal doses after 30 and 65 days from sowing . Surface irrigation system was used , where the soil was irrigated at three levels of water requirement (WR) of maize plant under saline soil conditions. These levels were 50 , 75 and 100 % of WR , which equal 4250 m3/ fed. The experiment was carried out in split design with three replicates .
The obtained data show that , K fertilization with either of soil or foliar application resulted in a significant increase of the measured growth parameters .i.e. stover and yield ( ton / fed. ) , grains weight ( g / plant) , ears weight (g / plant) , weight of 100 grains ( g) and biological yield (ton / fed. ) . According to the mean values of RC ( % ) , the grains yield was more than stover yield with foliar application , where the stover yield was more than grains yield with soil application. The increases in these parameters were increased with increasing K rate . At the same irrigation level , the yields of stover and grains produced from each one m3 of the added water was increased with the increase rate of added K as soil or foliar application. Under different treatments of K fertilization, the grain content (%) of N , P , K and protein were increased significantly and its become more significant with the increase of added irrigation water. Maize grains contents (mg / kg ) of Fe , Mn and Zn were increased significantly with the increase of added K fertilization for both soil and foliar applications . Except K, the contents of the determined macro and micronutrients resulted from the treatments of soil application, were higher than those associated the treatments of foliar application . Under saline soil conditions, the best treatment was soil application of K fertilization at rate of 48 kg K2O / fed. with irrigation at 100 % WR .
The important conclusion which may be extract from the obtained data is potassium fertilization increased irrigation water use economy . The best value of water economy were with 48 kg K2O / fed. as soil application and 4 % K2O as foliar application at 50 % WR .
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1233
1250
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54689_3138f2d0878cf9c3e0defe20194185f9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54689
IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC MANURING AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION FOR WHEAT YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN EL-DAKAHLIA GOVERNORATE .
Z. M.
El-Sirafy
Soils Sci. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mans. Univ.
author
S. A.
Genaidy
Soil & Water and Environ. Res. Inst.; Agric. Res. Center., Giza.
author
Kholoud A.
El-Nakma
Soil & Water and Environ. Res. Inst.; Agric. Res. Center., Giza.
author
text
article
2012
eng
A factorial field experiment on wheat crop was conducted during two successive growth seasons of ( 2009/2010 ) ; ( 2010/2011 ) as two different On-farm trials sited in El-Dakahlia Governorate. The factors involved organic manuring from two biological treating composts of rates ( 0, 10 and 20 m3.fed -1 ) and NPKZn-mineral fertilization of the optimum recommended rates.
The two experimental sites were clayey in texture have the average values of salinity index ECe = 3.8 dS.m-1 ; pH = 7.8 and the available soil forms of N , P , K and Zn nutrients were : 30 , 19 , 600 , 0.6 ; respectively.
The obtained results indicated the following points :
1- Such soils have to be manured with composts and fertilized with optimum recommended NPKZn-mineral fertilizers for obtaining higher wheat yields.
2- Grain and straw yields have been increased significantly as a result of adding organic manuring ( in forms of composts ). Higher wheat yields were realized by applying ( 10 or 20 m3.fed-1 ) treatments.
3- The biological treated compost realized economically higher values of wheat yield relative to the untreated one.
4- The NPKZn- mineral fertilization with optimum recommended rates has increased the values of such wheat parameters.
5- The significant interaction effects of organic composting and NPKZn-mineral co-fertilization indicated that : the highest yield and its component were obtained by applying the treatment of ( bio-treating compost of 10m3.fed.-1 ). Along with optimum recommended rates of NPKZn mineral fertilizers.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1251
1261
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54707_49853b3389f5e92deb72c778950bd4b4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54707
INTEGRATED IMPACTS OF HUMIC ACID, HALOTOLERANT N2 FIXERS AND NITROGEN APPLICATION ON WHEAT YIED (Triticum aestivum L.),YIELD COMPONENT AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE
Kh. H.
El-Hamdi
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University
author
E. M.
Selim
Soils and Water Use Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Huda I. M.
Husein
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University
author
text
article
2012
eng
To study the integrated impacts of halotolerant N2 fixers and humic acid application on N – availability and nutrient contents of wheat crop (Triticum Aestivum L). CV Sakha 93 in asalt affected soil, two successive field experiments were conducted in El-Matarya District near Al Manzala Lake, Dakahlia Governorate during the winter of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 seasons. Eighteen treatments were arranged in asplit-split block design, which were the simple possible combination between two treatments of humic acid (with (50 L fed-1. & without) as the main plots, three treatments of bio inoculation (Non-inoculation, Azotobacter+ Azospirillum and Nostoc + Anabaena) as the sub plots and three levels of nitrogen fertilization (control, 40 and 80 Kg N fed-1) as sub- sub plots. Each treatment was replicated three times. Thus, the total number of plots used for each season were 54 plots.
The results of this investigation revealed that:
With adding humic acid, the mean values No. of grains spike-1, spike length (cm), weight of 1000 seeds (g), grain yield (ardab fed-1), straw yield (ton fed-1), N, P and K-uptake (kg fed-1) of grain, straw and whole plant at harvesting stage were significantly increased due to addition of humic acid.
This investigation also indicated that an application of Azotobacter+ Azospirillum was more effective for increasing the No. of grains spike-1, spike length (cm), weight of 1000 seeds (g), grain yield (ardab fed-1), straw yield (ton fed-1), N, P and K-uptake (kg fed-1) of grain, straw and whole plant at harvesting stage than the other halotolerant N2 fixers and this effect was significance during both seasons of the experimentation.
Concerning the effect of N-fertilization the average values of No. of grains spike-1, spike length (cm), weight of 1000 grains (g), grain yield (ardab fed-1), straw yield (ton fed-1), N, P and K-uptake (kg fed-1) of grain, straw and whole plant at harvesting stage for wheat plant treated with 80 kg N fed-1 doses of N-fertilization was more increased significantly than that treated with the untreated plant.
With respect to the interactive effect between adding humic acid, halotolerant N2 fixers and nitrogen application found that with adding 4080 kg N fed-1 of nitrogen fertilization mixed with Azt+Azs in presence of humic acid gave the highest value of No. of grains spike-1, spike length (cm), weight of 1000 seeds (g), grain yield (ardab fed-1), straw yield (ton fed-1), N, P and K-uptakes (kg fed-1) of grain, straw and whole plant at harvesting stage for wheat plant.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1263
1274
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54699_f225108bc4f377c65cce7d081f0ed130.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54699
RETIONALIZATION OF MINERAL POTASSIUM FERTILIZER BY USING BIODESOLVING POTASSIUM AND ITS EFFECT ON YIELD AND QUALITY POTATOS.
M. M.
Elkholy
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute. Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
S. A.
El-Tohamy
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute. Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
Wafaa A.
Hafez
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute. Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2012
eng
Potassium is one of the three essential elements viz., NPK needed in large quantities for the growth and reproduction of the plants and it plays many vital roles in plant nutrition. The crop production in Egypt relies completely on imports to meet its annual requirement of potash fertilizers besides; the high cost of conventional, water soluble K fertilizers constrain their use by most of the farmers in the country. In order to reduce the dependence on imported potash, feldspar a potash mineral, contains 10.5 % K2O and therefore it could be a potential K-source for crop production. Novel approaches are needed to unlock K from the silicate structure of this mineral in order to render K more available for plant nutrition. A strain of silicate dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans) as well as fungus (Penicillium sp.) were used as bio-inoculants. These studies were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of bacterial and fungus inoculation in combination with two levels of feldspar and mineral potassium fertilizer (full recommended dose and half recommended dose) on K-releasing capacity as well as potato yield. To achieve this target, bio-inoculated potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum, L.) were sown on calcareous soil at Nubaria Agriculture Research Station. The obtained data showed that inoculation with silicate dissolving bacteria as biofertilizer in the presence of different potassium sources increased all examined potato tuber yield, tuber content of carbohydrate and protein, moreover soil available and plant (shoot and tubers) content of N, P , K ,Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu compared to the sole use of K sources. On the other hand, the highest tubers yield ( 15.62 and 15.33 ton fed.-1) were obtained when mineral fertilizer and feldspar were inoculated with bacteria. The apparent nutrient recovery and partial factor productivity were significantly enhanced by inoculated feldspar with Silicate Dissolving Bacteria (SDB) than other treatments. However, the use of feldspar in combination with biofertilizers may be more useful and economically.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1275
1285
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54704_1feae06f4340a67bfc2b5d44495b1e0d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54704
EFFECT OF SURFACE IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES AND NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM RATES ON MAIZE YIELD IN ALLUVIAL SOILS
R. A.
El-Dissoky
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.
author
M. A.
El-Shazly
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.
author
M. A.
Aiad
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2012
eng
A field experiment was carried out at Batra village -Talkha district Dakahlia Governorate during two successive summer growing seasons 2010 and 2011 to study the effect of two surface irrigation systems (furrow and bed furrow irrigation systems) and four rates of NPK (0-0-0, 60-6.5-20, 90-10-30 and 120-13-40 kg N-P-K/fed, respectively) and their combinations on maize (c.v. single hybrid 30-K-8) yield, yield components, chemical composition, fertilization efficiency, soil fertility and some water relations. The most important results could be summarized as follows. Maize grain and stalk yields were insignificantly affected by irrigation systems in both seasons, but 1000-grain weight was significant. Addition of NPK levels significantly increased grain yield, stalk yield and 1000-grain weight. Interaction between irrigation systems and NPK levels increased grain and stalk yields, insignificantly. N % in stalk and grain was significantly affected by irrigation systems, but P % and K % were insignificantly affected. Addition NPK levels significantly increased N, P and K % in maize stalk and grain. Also, interaction between irrigation systems and NPK levels increased N, P and K concentrations in maize. The values of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), phosphor use efficiency (PUE) and potassium use efficiency (KUE), were higher with furrow irrigation technique than bed furrow irrigation in two seasons. Also, addition of NPK levels increased NUE, PUE and KUE, respectively compared with control (zero level). The addition of NPK at 90-10-30 kg N-P-K/fed, respectively produced the highest values of NUE, PUE and KUE. Soil fertility were affected by irrigation techniques and NPK levels, where available N in soil increased insignificantly, but available P and K significantly increased with irrigation systems in both seasons. Application different levels of NPK increased significantly the availability of N, P, and K in soil. The average values of soil salinity were increased significantly with bed furrow irrigation methods and NPK levels as well as their interactions. The highest mean value of field water use efficiency in the two seasons (1.34 and 1.43 kg grain/m3, respectively) was recorded with 120, 13 and 40 kg NPK/fed under bed furrow irrigation system.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
3
v.
12
no.
2012
1287
1300
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_54705_98ee2727f0210b7a6d50fa7e25767a65.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2012.54705