ROLE OF BIOFERTILIZATION AND DIFFERENT RATES OF NITROGEN WITH FOLIAR SPRAYING OF NITROGEN AND YEAST IN RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRIENT UPTAKES.
Z. M.
El-Sirafy
Soils Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
author
A. M.
Abd-El-Hameed
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soil, Water and Enviro. Res, Inst. Agric. Res. Center.
author
Rasha E. H.
El - Mahdy
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soil, Water and Enviro. Res, Inst. Agric. Res. Center.
author
text
article
2011
eng
Field experiments, on rice crop (Oryza Sativa L. c.v. Giza 178) grown in Meet Louza Village, Mansoura Province, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt were conducted in 2008 and 2009 seasons on a silty clay soil. Biofertilization 8 treatments involving inoculums of Azolla (Azl), Azospirillum (Azs), Azotobacter (Azt), and Cynobacreria (Cyn) as well as mixtures (Azl + Azs), (Azl + Azt) (Azs + Azt) and (Cyn + Azt), soil N-fertilization (4 treatments of no-N, portions of 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of N-recommended level of 60 kg N fed-1 as urea), and foliar spray of (2 treatments of yeast extract only, and yeast extract + 2 % N) were tasted in a randomized complete block design (factorial) involving the 3 above mentioned factors. Execution of experiment was a split- split plot with three replicates. The highest grain yields of (3.99 and 4.07 metric t fed-1) in 1st and 2nd seasons occurred with the treatment of (Cyn + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest straw yields were given by (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level+ yeast which gave 3.94 metric t fed-1 in 1st season, or by (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N- level+ (2 % N + yeast) which gave 4.10 metric t fed-1. The highest weight per plant (at booting stage) was due to (Azs + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast) which were125.14 and 137.65 g dry matter plant-1 in 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. The highest N-uptake by grains of 59.84 and 66.62 kg fed-1 for 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively occurred with (Azl) + 100 % N-level +(2 % N + yeast). The highest P-uptake by grains occurred with (Azl + Azt) + 50 % N-level (2 % N + yeast) which gave (7.51 and 9.46 kg fed-1) in 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. The highest K-uptake occurred with (Cyn + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast) which gave 12.76 and 14.62 kg fed-1 in 1st and 2nd seasons respectively. The highest Fe-uptake of 259.89 and 308.44 g fed-1 in 1st and 2nd seasons respectively, were given by (Azs + Azt) + 75 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest Mn-uptake of 185.36 and 214.18 g fed-1 in 1st and 2nd seasons respectively occurred with (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest Zn-uptake of 151.52 and 171.52 g fed-1 in 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively occurred with (Azl + Azs) + 50 % N-level + yeast.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
2
v.
7
no.
2011
717
731
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_55655_998f32f50e35e3fabd517f62c96dc88c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2011.55655
THE RESIDUAL EFFECT OF RICE N-BIOFERTILIZATION AS POTENTIAL ECONOMIC FOR MINERAL NITROGENOUS FERTILIZATION OF WHEAT CROP.
Z. M.
El-Sirafy
Soils Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
author
A. M.
Abd-El-Hameed
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soil, Water and Enviro. Res, Ins., Agric. Res. Center.
author
Rasha E. H.
El-Mahdy
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soil, Water and Enviro. Res, Ins., Agric. Res. Center.
author
text
article
2011
eng
This study was conducted during winter seasons of (2009-2010) and (2010-2011) at Meet Louza Village, Mansoura Province, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt on a silty clay soil to find out the residual effect rice N-biofertilization on the next wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. sakha 93). Biofertilization 8 treatments involving inoculums of Azolla (Azl), Azospirillum (Azs), Azotobacter (Azt), and Cyanobacreria (Cyn) as well as mixtures (Azl + Azs), (Azl + Azt), (Azs + Azt) and (Cyn + Azt) which take the same location with the same layout of the experimental field for the previous crop (rice), soil N- fertilization (4 treatments of control, 12.5 %, 18.75 and 25 % of N-recommended level 75 kg N fed-1 as urea) were tasted in a split plot design with three replicates.
The most important finding could be summarized as follows:
Treatment of 25 % N-level led to highest increases for plant height, grain yield, chlorophyll (a) and (b) content and the highest values were (101.27cm, 1.57 Mg fed-1, 13.55 mg g-1 f.w and 8.95 mg g-1 f.w) for the previous parameters, respectively. Although, the highest straw yield, N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn uptake by grains of (1.31 Mg fed-1, 26.17, 4.27, 4.67 kg fed-1, 106.23, 47.91 and 48.33 g fed-1), were recorded at 18.75 % N-level, respectively. The highest mean value of caroteniods (2.75 mg g-1 f.w). achieved at, control treatment.
Inoculation of (Azl) gave maximum plant height and Mn-uptake of ((98.16 cm and 47.47 g fed-1), respectively. The highest grain, straw yields, caroteniods, N, K, Fe and Zn uptake were due to (Azs) Inoculation which were (1.84, 1.40 Mg fed-1, 3.48 mg g-1f.w, 27.13, 5.21 kg fed-1, 18.87 and 49.65 g fed-1) respectively, the highest P-uptake of (4.32 kg fed-1) occurred with (Azt). While (Azs+Azt) revealed the highest values (15.05 and 10.25 mg g-1f.w) for chlorophyll (a) and (b) content, respectively.
The combination of 25 % N-level with (Azl, Azs, Cyn, Azs +Azt, Azs and Cyn + Azt) inoculations, gave superiority plant height (106.38 cm), grain yield (1.95 Mg fed-1, chlorophyll (a), (b) (15.52, 13.39 mg g-1 f.w), Fe and Mn uptake of (137.32 and 55.49 g fed-1), respectively. The superiority average values of straw yield (1.53 Mg fed-1), N and Zn uptake (32.01 kg fed-1and 57.01 g fed-1), release from organic and inorganic (30.25ppm), N-uptake % (67.92%) and N-recovery % (61.66%) occurred with combination of (18.75%N-level + (Azl+Azs)), but 18.75 % N-level combined with (Azl) and (Azs) respectively gave highest P-uptake of (4.90kg fed-1) and K-uptake of (5.88 kg fed-1). The uppermost caroteniods (3.71 mg g-1f.w) occurred with the combination of (12.5% N-level + Azs) and The superiority net return (3060 £.L. fed-1.) of wheat crop, was given by combination of (25 % N-level + Azs).
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
2
v.
7
no.
2011
733
746
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_55657_594ea71b0329a79c8ef2843193f62483.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2011.55657
PROPER MANAGEMENT OF SOIL AND WATER UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS
E. A.
El-Morsy
Soil Sciences Dept. Fac. Agric. Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt.
author
S.T.
Abou-Zeid
Soil Sciences Dept. Fac. Agric. Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt.
author
A. M.
Khalefa
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza. Egypt
author
M.Y.
Helmi
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza. Egypt
author
text
article
2011
eng
A pot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza, during the two winter seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different strategies of reuse of low quality drainage water (drainage water, alternating, blended with Nile water), some, amendments application either to the soil (gypsum) or to the irrigation water (Ammonium Thio Sulfate ; ATS) and small split application of fertilizers through irrigation water at high rates on both soil properties and wheat crop response to water salinity. The irrigation water salinity levels were, 0.36, 4.42 and 2.34 dSm-1 for Nile water (control), drainage and blended water, respectively. The NPK fertilizers were applied at the rates of 0, 100 % and 125 % from the recommended doses, the high rate was applied to alleviating soil salinity stress. The obtained results indicated that soil salinity (ECe), sodicity (SAR and ESP) tended to increase with increasing salinity levels of irrigation water, i.e., from 5.41 to 6.00, 7.22 and 9.87 dSm-1 in the first season and from 5.62 to 6.64, 7.69 and 12.74 dSm-1 in the second season for Nile, alternating, blended and drainage water, respectively. The values of soil SAR and ESP took place similar trend for ECe values. Application of gypsum and ATS led to reduce the hazardous effect of irrigation water salinity and sodicity. These favourable soil amelioration were positively reflected on wheat yields of grain and straw and NPK uptake. These benefit effects were maximized by increasing the NPK doses from 100 % to 125 %.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
2
v.
7
no.
2011
747
767
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_55660_243fcbeb7d1f615b5183cdfd000e9b96.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2011.55660
REDUSING MINERAL FERTILIZERS DOSE OF WHEAT PLANT USING BIOFERTILIZERS: PLANT GROWTH PARAMETERS, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT.
M. Z.
El-Sirafy
Soils Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
author
G. A.
Baddour
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soil, water and Enviro. Res, Inst., Agric. Res. Center.
author
Einas E.
Yousif
Soils Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
Pot and field experiments were conducted at the Agric. Exp. Station of El-Mansoura Univ. during the winter season of (2008- 2009) and (2009-2010); respectively to investigate the possibility of partial or entirely substituting bio and organic fertilizers for cultivation of wheat plants instead of inorganic fertilizer. Forty treatments were arranged in a split-split block design which were the simple possible combination between, two treatments of farmyard manure; with (FYM) and without were arranged as main plots. Four treatments of NPK fertilizers at the rates of 0, 50, 75 and 100% from the recommended doses by the Ministry of Agriculture and land reclamation (MALR) for wheat plants were randomly located as sup-plots. Wheat seeds were inoculated with biofertilizers and devoted as sub-sub plots as five treatments including; control, cerealin, phosphoren, K-mag and a mixture of them at the rate of 1:1:1.
The obtained results indicated that:
The average values of all growth parameters (plant height, fresh and dry weight (g)), yield and its component for the plants treated with FYM were more than that obtained for the untreated plants during both seasons.
For all the aforementioned traits, the average values were increased as the level of NPK-fertilization was increased from 0 to 75% RD. raising the two seasons.
Co-insulated of wheat seeds which the mixture of biofertilizer studied was superior for increasing the average values of all traits, following by the treatments of cerealin, phosphorin, K-mag and finally the untreated one.
The intermediate levels of NPK (75%) + mixture of biofertilizers + FYM seemed adequate and were associated with the highest mean values for the previously mentioned traits.
Thus, it could be recommended that inoculation of wheat seeds with the mixture of biofertilizers combined with N, P and K fertilization at the rates of 57, 11 and 14 kg.fed-1 respectively, and farmyard manure ; 20m3.fed-1 are considered as the most suitable treatment for realizing the highest economic yield for wheat.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
2
v.
7
no.
2011
769
783
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_55656_a7e8c3441b82a6ce414d9c4e656d8fa5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2011.55656
IRRIGATION WATER UTILIZATION AS A FUNCTION OF SOIL MECHANICS AND ITS PROPERTIES
E. B.
El-Banna
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.
author
Z. I.
Ismail
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.
author
A. E.
Abu El-Magd
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.
author
M. A.
El-Gamal
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.
author
text
article
2011
eng
An experiment was conducted for identifying the most efficient tillage method using the sub-soiling plough for enhancing some of physical properties of the heavy clayey soils. The experiment was conducted on a heavy clayey soil of an area 1800 m² located in Serewa village – Belqas – Daqahlia. This area divided into 4 adjacent plots, each one has a dimensions of (9m x50m) and was allocated only, for one treatment. The surface irrigation was the system applied and the amount of irrigation water added was equal for each plot (22.5m³) and was applied at the same time for all plots. Furthermore, an accounting for the rate of water flux in mm/day beneath soil profile along subsequent ten days from saturation was the last objective of this research. Only, four treatments were involved in this research as (Treat.1): sub-soiling plough at 40cm depth with a lateral spacing of 150cm, (T2): sub-soiling plough at 60cm depth with a lateral spacing of 150cm, (T3): sub-soiling plough at 40cm depth with a lateral spacing of 300cm and (T4): sub-soiling plough at 60cm with a lateral spacing of 300cm. For all plots, the sub-soiling plough was followed by chisel plough at 20cm depth and laser-controlled leveller at the dead level. All the data obtained clearly indicated that, the second treatment (T2) achieved the highest mean value of soil infiltration rate (2.2 mm/h) over all treatments and the lowest mean values for the cone penetration resistance, water content and bulk density at the surface layer of soil profile after tillage (2.41 M.Pa), (17.74 % w/w) and (1.17 g/cm³), respectively. Whereas, at saturation, it achieved the highest mean value of the water content (62.78 %w/w) and the lowest mean value of penetration resistance (.01 M.Pa). On the other hand, the mean value of the water content rested in the soil of the second treatment at the tenth day from saturation was (24.68 %w/w), producing the highest water flux (4.29 mm/day). Also, the second treatment achieved the shortest period of time needed until all amount of the deluge imposed on the soil surface after irrigation be completely infiltrated (20 h.).
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
2
v.
7
no.
2011
785
797
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_55659_621d4a7c010721c9275421672cd16839.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2011.55659