EFFECT OF DIGGING DEPTH BELOW LASER SCRAPER BLADE ON FINE LEVELING DEGREE AND SOME SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
M. A.
El-Sheikha
Agric. Eng. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ.
author
H. E.
Osman
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., A.R.C., Dokki. Giza
author
M. A.
Moustafa
Agric. Eng. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ.
author
M. F.
Zayed
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., A.R.C., Dokki. Giza
author
text
article
2010
eng
Field experiments were carried out during the agricultural season 2009 at Nasser El Noba, Kom Ombo, Aswan Governorate. The soil has been classified as a clay soil (59.1%clay,30.7%silt and10.2%sand) .The present work was to study the effect of chisel shankes depth blow laser scraper on fine land leveling degree and operative on some soil physical properties(bulk density, soil porosity, void ratio).
The study included four measuring depths under blade scraper (10, 15, 18, and 21 cm), four tractor operating speeds (3.45, 4.19, 4.86 and 5.53 km/h) and tow slopes zero and 0.03% slope level were used for the experimental work. Increasing the quantity of fine pulverized soil was accompanied with a decrease in the large clod quantity for scraper. For leveling purposes, less fine pulverized soil quantity and more large clods are preferred. A little difference in the fine pulverized soil occurred with 0.03% leveling than that of the zero slope. Less fine pulverized soil and higher quantity of the large clod increased the mean weight diameter The higher values of the soil porosity mean better aeration, consequently, better seed bed that is proper for growing plants. Both of them were relatively affected by increasing measuring depth and operating speed, which was related to the soil bulk density. The resultant soil porosity at 0.03% slope was higher than that achieved at zero level . In summary increasing of measuring depth and operating speed decreased the value of soil porosity. Increasing of the measuring depth and operating speed decreased void ratio. The higher void ratio values were desired because of the larger chance for air presence in the seedbed.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
1
13
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60383_719f29ce1f3918e68a32c5c6ed1d5faf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60383
EFFECT OF PRE-COOLING PROCESS ON SAFE STORAGE OF PEACH FRUITS STORED UNDER DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
M. M.
El-Kholy
Agric. Crops Agric. Eng. Res Institute.
author
H.E.
Abd- Alla
Agric. Eng., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
author
M. Sh.
Radwan
Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
A study was carried out to test and evaluate a portable pre-cooling unit. The effect of pre-cooling process on safe storage of the pre-cooled peach in comparison with the none cooled samples were also determined during storage process under two different storage conditions (cooled and room storage). The laboratory experiments were conducted at three different levels of air temperature (4, 7 and 10oC), three levels of air velocity (3.7, 4.8 and 5.4 m/s), three levels of packages vents percentage (4, 6 and 8%) and two volumes of fruits (medium and large).The results showed rapid drop in peach temperature at the beginning of cooling process and the cooling rate starts to decline as the product temperature approached the final temperature. Also, the temperature of the peach fruits at the end position of the cooling chamber was always higher than that of the middle and front as well. The values of cooling coefficient (C) increased with the increase of air velocity (V), increase of packages vents percentage, decrease of fruit volume and decrease of cooling air temperature. While, the seven-eighth and half cooling times decreased with the increase of air velocity and the packages vents percentage and they were increased with the increase of the medium air cooling temperature and increase of the product volume. The storage experiments showed that, the pre-cooled peach fruits recorded lower loss in water content, lower percentage of defects, and higher fruit firmness in comparison with the none cooled samples stored under the two storage conditions.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
15
29
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60417_fd669d7127bccf4751b0a92d9e986b2f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60417
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A PORTABLE FORCED AIR PRE-COOLING UNIT
H.E.
Abd-Alla
Agric. Engin. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
author
M.M.
Elkholy
Agric. Crop Agric. Eng. Res. Institute.
author
M.S.
Radwan
Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
A study was carried out at the experimental station of RiceMechanization Center (R.M.C.), Meet El-Deyba, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The experimental work included design, developing and testing a portable pre-cooling unit for fruits and vegetables. Quality changes of the pre-cooled products in comparison with the none cooled product were also determined during storage process under two different storage conditions (coled and room storage methods). The laboratory experiments were conducted for pre-cooling tomato fruits at three different levels of air temperature (4, 7 and 10oC), three levels of air velocity (3.7, 4.8 and 5.4 m/s), three levels of packages vents percentage (4, 6 and 8%) and two volumes of fruits (medium and large).The results showed rapid drop in product temperature at the beginning of cooling process and the cooling rate starts to decline as the product temperature approaches the final temperature. The values of cooling coefficient (C) increased with the increase of air velocity (V), increase of packages vents percentage, decrease of fruit volume and decrease of medium cooling air temperature. While, the half and seven-eighth cooling times decreased with the increase of air velocity and increase of packages vents percentage and they were increased with the increase of cooling temperature and increase of product volume. The storage experiments showed that, the pre-cooled tomato fruits recorded lower water loss, lower percentage of defect, and higher fruit firmness in comparison with the none cooled samples.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
31
47
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60418_35687a1cc90cd66d392acb22a6bdc3a8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60418
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND DIFFERENT NITROGEN LEVELS ON WATER RELATION, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR WHEAT CROP GROWN IN MIDDLE EGYPT (GIZA REGION)
M. M. E.
Poraas
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
M. A.
Mahmoud
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Namait Allah Y.
Osman
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2010
eng
Two field experiments were executed during the two successive seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007at Giza Agricultural Research Station to identify the most effective coefficient of daily pan evaporation accumulation selected from 1.25, 1.00 and 0.75 evaporation pan coefficient (EPC) in scheduling irrigation for wheat, cultivar Sakha 69, receiving 60, 75 and 90 kg N/fed in order to maximize crop and water productivity. The number of applied irrigations and water consumptive use (Cu) were increased as the value of EPC increased and, Cu differed significantly due to nitrogen level, with 90 kg N/fed consuming more water than the other N-levels. The highest Water Use Efficiency (WUE) was recorded under 1.00 EPC comparable to the other tested EPC values and values of WUE, differed due to nitrogen level. The 90 kg N/fed gave the lowest WUE while 75 kg N/fed gave the highest value. The plant height, grain weight/spike, number of spike/m2 and 1000-grain weight were significantly affected due to the adopted irrigation regimes and generally, tended to increase as EPC increased. Grain and straw yields tended to increase with increasing EPC. The highest values were obtained with 1.25 EPC. All of agronomic yields and yield components were increased with the increase in N- level, as well as with the increase in EPC values. The maximum values of yields and their components were given by 90 kg N/ fed with1.25 EPC.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
49
64
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60420_b7a7929763c7de8ad2d5cde7d0b4beb6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60420
ASSESSMENT OF ROLE OF SOME COMPOST AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECTS ON PLANTS GROWN IN SANDY AND/OR CALCAREOUS SOIL
K. M.
Abd El-Latif
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst. (SWERI) - Agric. Res. C. (ARC), Giza- Egypt
author
M. M. E. A.
Poraas
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst. (SWERI) - Agric. Res. C. (ARC), Giza- Egypt
author
T.A.
Aboul El-Defan
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst. (SWERI) - Agric. Res. C. (ARC), Giza- Egypt
author
text
article
2010
eng
This work aims to study the role of two composts made of plant residues and added to calcareous soil from Noubaria to clay soil from Kom Osheem; on wheat yields and nutrient status of grains and straw as well as to study their residual effects on the growth of maize, which was grown after wheat.
A pot experiment was carried out in earthenware pots filled with 7 kg of the tested soils; at Soils, Water and Environment Research Inst. (SWERI) -Agric. Res. Center (ARC). It was included two soil types; two sources of composted plant residues(C) of wheat straw or banana residues (zero, 5 and 10 ton/fed) as well as NPK mineral fertilizers (M) (zero ,75% and 100% RD).Some treatments of solo , mixed of (C) with (M) as well as no-fertilization (control) were suggested to achieve this study. Wheat (Triticum aestirum) was planted in winter season, till maturity. In the following summer season maize (Zea mays L) was sown, without any new additions, for 70 days only.
The obtained results indicated that:
Weights of grains and straw of wheat as well as dry weight of whole maize plants were positively responded to manure applications with no–significant differences between the effects of the two used composts in case of wheat and very slight differences in case of maize plants. These responses, to manure applications, were higher in clay soil than that in calcareous one, viz calcareous soil needed to more compost application than clay soil. Application of 10 ton compost /fed associated with 75% RD of NPK mineral fertilizers (10C+75%M) gave the highest weights.
N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn uptake by wheat components and whole maize plants revealed the same trends mentioned above.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
65
76
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60422_62ba9fc336daee9f56d4af1a7117bc45.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60422
EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION, HUMIC ACID AND COMPOST EXTRACT ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF RICE PLANTS
A. A.
El-Gohary
Field crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.*
author
E.A.M.
Osman
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt.
author
K. A.
Khatab
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Two field experiments were carried out at El- Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, El-Gharbia Governorate during the two summer growing seasons, 2007 and 2008 to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates, i.e., 15, 30 and 45 kg N/fed and foliar application of compost extract & humic acid on yield components, yield and chemical composition of rice plants and nitrate as well as nitrite content in drainage water at different stages from transplanting.
Results can be summarized as follows:-
Generally, high level of nitrogen fertilizer achieved significantly increases of rice yield and its components as well as N, p & K content of grain and straw compared with low rates in both growing seasons. While, in most cases, the same trend was recorded when second level of 30kg N/fed was practiced.
Spraying humic acid or compost extract led to significant increases in most parameters of yield and its components as well as N, p & K content of grains and straw compared to no addition of such organic compounds in both seasons.
In most cases, the interaction effect between the factors under study was insignificant on rice yield and its components as well as macronutrients content of grains and straw in both seasons.
The high level of nitrogen fertilizer achieved significantly increases of nitrate and nitrite content in drainage water at different stages from transplanting compared to low rates in both stages of two growing seasons. On the other hand, such parameters weren’t significant affected by foliar application of humic acid, compost extracts or the interaction between them and nitrogen levels in both seasons.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
77
91
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60423_d0444c8ff35824ed3d395109037ccdee.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60423
EFFECT OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN AZOTOBACTER INOCULATION; ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION ON TOMATO; (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.).
M.Z.
El-Sirafy
Soils Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
author
S. H.
Sarhan
Soil, Water and Enviroment Research Istitute, A.R.C.; Giza.Egypt.
author
A. A.
Abd - El Hafez
Hort. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain-Shams Univ; Egypt.
author
A. G. A.
Baddour
Soil, Water and Enviroment Research Istitute, A.R.C.; Giza.Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
A pot experiment was conducted at El-Mansoura laboratory of plant nutrition; Agric.Res.Center, during the tow seasons of 2008 and 2009 In order to evaluate the effects of Azotobacter inoculation with and without organic and mineral fertilization on yield and chemical composition of tomato plants.
A factorial experiment in the form of complete randomize block design with three replicates has been used. NPK fertilizers were added at the 0,50,75 and 100% of the recommended dose for tomato crop once with inoculation by Azotobacter and the other without inoculation. All treatments were investigated in the presence and absence of organic manure (FYM) giving a total of 16 treatments. Results revealed that inoculation of tomato seedlings with Azotobacter sp. in combination with the rates of NPK fertilizers either with or without FYM significantly gave higher magnitudes of plant growth, yield and its component and chemical composition parameters than the uninoculated treatments. Raising NPK applied levels to 100% of the RD gave insignificant difference during both seasons. In addition, stimulation effect was happened due to using FYM combined with the same rates of NPK fertilization either in the presence or absence of Azotobacter inoculation but the rates of increases over the control treatment were more pronounced during both seasons. The intermediate levels of NPK; 50%+Azotobacter+FYM, seemed adequate and was associated with the highest mean values for the previously mentioned traits.
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3685
1
v.
1
no.
2010
93
104
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_60428_83ba3488a3518ccf420f2127acf83b23.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2010.60428