@article { author = {Mehawed, H.}, title = {THE RESPONSE OF WHEAT CROP TO FERTILIZATION UNDER SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM IN SANDY SOILS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41170}, abstract = {Field experiment was carried out on newly reclaimed sandy soil at Abdul- Moneam Reyad village, Bustan site during wheat growing season of 2012- 2013 to asses the response of the grain yield and biological yield of two wheat cultivars ( MISR I & MISR II) under different irrigation treatment and under different of fertilization  levels and also to determine of the main effect of studied treatmentson the some yield attributes.The obtained data revealed that, the fertilization treatments improve the productivity of the wheat crop under sprinkler irrigation system as compared with farmer’s practice in sandy soil. The obtained results also  indicated that, the  fertilization  treatments significantly effect on both wheat grain yield and biological yield than the  irrigation treatments and variety of wheat crops. Also it was observed, the variety  MISR II recorded the highest grain yield (2.650 ton/fed.) and biological yield (7.595 ton fed) under irrigated treatment I1 ( 2528 m3/fed.) and fertilization level  of 120 kg N (F1) over studied treatments. Moreover, it can be concluded that the  wheat cultivar( MISR II) is more suitable for sandy soil than cultivar MISR I.}, keywords = {fertilization,Sprinkler irrigation,Grain yield,biological yield,Water regime,water use efficiency}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41170.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41170_c311d243ee3d0a0cc2ac5f9fb0862b8a.pdf} } @article { author = {Taha, A. and Baddour, G. and Mosa, A. and Awadine, Shahd}, title = {MAXIMIZING THE EFFECIENCY OF COMPOST RICE STRAW FOR POTATO PRODUCTION}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {13-25}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41169}, abstract = {The present study is carried out under field conditions on a clay soil at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agric. Mansoura Univ. during the winter season of 2012/2013 to study the combined effect of compost rice straw and bio fertilizers  in the presence of ( Indole acetic acid ,Fulvic acid ,and Gibberellic acid) as  foliar amendments on plant growth and tuber yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum, L.) as well as chlorophyll content in the leaves, N, P and K concentrations in the leaves and tubers in addition to starch, Total soluble solids and nitrate content in tubers. Nine treatments were arranged in complete randomized block design with 3 replicates as follows; 1- Compost rice straw (CRS),  2- (CRS) +   Indole acetic acid (IAA), 3- CRS+ Fulvic acid (F.A) , 4- CRS + Gibberellic acid (G.A). 5- (CRS) + Mixture of Azotobacter chrococcum and Bacillus circulans (Mix), 6- (CRS) + (Mix) + (IAA), 7-(CRS) + (Mix) + (F.A), 8-(CRS) + (Mix) +    (G.A). Also, the recommended doses of N, P and K fertilizers for potato were put in consideration as a control treatment. Thus, the total numbers of treatment are 9 treatments. The obtained results can be summarized as follow: Spraying of foliar amendments either in a single form or in combination with bio fertilization led to a positive effect on the growth and yield of potato tuber. Fulvic acid were more effective for all the studied traits than other foliar amendments. The highest level of nitrate and trace elements were detected in potato tubers produced from the plants treated with the recommended of N, P and K fertilizers (control). While the lowest level produced from plants treated with fulvic acid+ the mix of bio fertilizers +CRS.  Inoculation of potato tubers with the mixture of multi strains inoculants in combination with the studied foliar amendments and CRS gave a higher magnitude of plant growth, chemical composition, yield and its components as well as quality parameters of potato tuber. The results ensure the importance of partial replacement of chemical NPK fertilizers by the use of bio and organic ones in producing potatoes. Its application would reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers which in turn reduce the production costs as well as decrease nitrate content in the tubers besides, saving the environment from chemical pollution.}, keywords = {compost rice straw (CRS),bio fertilizer,Fulvic acid,gibberellic acid,indole acetic acid,potato}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41169.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41169_d0c47adc3e8cb026f66207715ba3f2c0.pdf} } @article { author = {El Marazky, M.}, title = {EFFECT OF SMART IRRIGATION CONTROLLERS UNITS ON THE PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SUBSURFACE AND SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS FOR TOMATO CROP IN ARID REGIONS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {27-46}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41173}, abstract = {Two types of Smart irrigation controller units  (SIC) for scheduling irrigation water were studied   under Saudi Arabia’s present water crisis scenario. They were oprated based on evapotranspiration rate (ETR) promising tools for scheduling irrigation requirement by means of quantifying water required by plants to targeted water savings. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of these technologies, i.e. SmartLine and Hunter on irrigation amount applied, and compared with conventional irrigation scheduling methods as a control treatment. These two types of smart irrigation were implemented and tested under surface drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) for tomato crop (Nema tomato cv.) in arid region. The obtained results showed that there are significant differences in the amount of applied water and the yield for the three irrigation scheduling methods. The data were normalized to produce a tomato crop yield per mm water depth applied, providing values of 66.50 (48.91), 62.74 (47.75), and 35.54 (28.21) kg/mm for the Hunter, SmartLine, and control systems, respectively, under SDI and (DI). The results also revealed  that plant the growth parameters and water conservation were significantly affected by Hunter controller and  SDI. The irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under Hunter controller under SDI was generally higher (15.92 kg m-3) as compared with  that under control DI (6.76 kg m-3), resulting in maximal IWUE for both growing seasons (average 15.82 kg m-3). The application of Hunter controller under SDI technology therefore provides significant advantages in terms of both crop yield and IWUE. In addition, Hunter controller under SDI conserves 25% of the total irrigation water as compared with the control treatment, and simultaneously generates higher total yields. Generally, it can be mentioned that Hunter Pro-C system saved more water and produced more yield with the highest use irrigation efficiency (IWUE) under SDI compared with the other irrigation scheduling methods. Moreover, the results indicated that the SDI system produced a higher yield and IWUE than DI. Ultimately, these technology is recommended for efficient automated irrigation systems and the Hunter Pro-C technique may provide a valuable tool for conserving water planning and irrigation scheduling for tomato and which is extendable to other similar agricultural crops.}, keywords = {Smart irrigation,ET controllers,drip irrigation, subsurface drip irrigation systems,Irrigation water use efficiency,arid region, tomato yields}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41173.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41173_bb37d1bf06d1226afd078aaf48faa795.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Bakhshwan, M. and Abd El-Ghafar, S. and Zayed, M. and El-Shazly, A.}, title = {EFFECT OF MECHANICAL STIRRING ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN LARGE SCALE DIGESTERS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {47-63}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41811}, abstract = {This research work aims to study the effect of mechanical stirring at different speeds and interval stirring periods on the biogas production yield and productivity and the energy balance in large scale biogas digesters. This investigation was conducted on two fixed dome digesters with 20 m3 total volume. The study includes three speeds of stirring (30, 45 and 60 rpm) and four stirring periods (15 min/hr, 15 min/2 hr, 15 min./3 hr and 15 min./4hr) ‘which equal to 6, 3, 2 and 1.5 hr/day, respectively. The obtained results showed that the stirring speed of 60 rpm was gave the high values of biogas production rate( 0.423 m3/m3/day), biogas productivity (0.423 m3/m3/day, 0.106 m3/kg TS add and 0.707 m3/kg VS consumed), energy production (9.379 MJ/m3/day), energy consumption in the stirring process (3.430 MJ/m3/day) and net energy gained (8.448 MJ/m3/day). However, the stirring period of 15 min./2 hr (3 hr/day) was gave the maximum biogas production rate and energy production at different stirring speeds and net energy gained at stirring speeds of 30 and 45 rpm. Meanwhile, the stirring period of 15 min./4 hr (1.5 hr/day) was gave the lowest energy consumption at different speeds and high net energy gained at stirring speeds of 60 rpm.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41811.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41811_9d82a4815762ae645cd052df93a25a7e.pdf} } @article { author = {Youssef, G. and EL-bakhashwan, M.}, title = {UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY FOR IMPROVING BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM FARM DIGESTERS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {65-80}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41809}, abstract = {                A solar water heater system has been built and installed at a farm scale operated digester of dairy cows wastes. The solar heating system (solar collectors and storage tank) is connected to a heat exchanger situated inside the digester in order to provide and maintain the wastes temperature at the mesophilic temperature range (37oC ± 2). Over sixty one days the solar heating system collected 3135 kWh of heat energy. The obtained results showed that, the contribution percentages of the solar heating system were 65.30 and 51.61% and the error root mean square in predicting the digester temperature was 1.66 and 1.83oC in cold winter months November and December, respectively. While the total biogas production rate and net energy production were increased by 71.4% and 24.1%, respectively.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41809.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41809_d97fbbdcba1da295bd0ae9314095efbf.pdf} } @article { author = {Habib, M. and Ali, M. and Awad, M. and Abdel Hai, M.}, title = {SOME SOIL PROPERTIES AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT QUALITY OF IRRIGITION WATER UNDER SUB-SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMES}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {81-95}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41808}, abstract = {The objective of the current study was demonstrate the effects of using subsurface drip irrigation systems with fresh Nile water and treated wastewater on the growth of Bermuda grass (Cynodon  dactylon) and some soil properties. To achieve these aims, a field experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of the Central laboratory for environmental quality Monitoring in Delta Barrage (El_Qanatir), Cairo, Egypt. The area of study was cultivated with Hybrid Bermuda grass and the experimental design was split-plot design with the source of irrigation water in the main plots i.e. treated wastewater and fresh Nile water and the irrigation systems in the sub-plots. The results reveal that treated wastewater can be used successfully with subsurface drip irrigation systems. The use of treated wastewater with drip irrigation systems increased the concentration of salt in soil profile. However, no harmful impacts were detected on the growing grass. Finally, application of treated wastewater by sub-surface drip irrigation system may be used safety from the point of view of the concentration of heavy metal.}, keywords = {Wastewater,Bermuda grass-drip irrigation system- soil properties}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41808.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41808_de6d5ab93a8640403c0d765ae87d0d7f.pdf} } @article { author = {Almuhanna, E.}, title = {IMPROVING THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF A DOUBLE-SLOP SOLAR STILL UNDER HOT, HUMID AND DUSTY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {97-116}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41812}, abstract = {To performance comparative studies, three sets of integrated solar still double-slope (SSDS) were constructed and examined under hot, humid and dusty climatic conductions of Al-Ahsa (eastern province), Saudi Arabia. The SSDSs were identical in all aspects but the  first set was without condenser (SSDS), the second one with condenser (SSDSC), and the third set with condenser and solar water heater (SSDSCSH) in order to raise the brackish water temperature before entering the solar still. The condensers were provided with cold water from an evaporative cooling system reservoir. Experimental results revealed that the distilled water production from the three distillers SSDS, SSDSC, and SSDSCSH, respectively, was 1.98, 4.82, and 6.65 litres per square meter per day with volumetric thermal efficiencies of 18.7, 46.0 and 64.4%. The integrated double-sided solar distiller with condenser only (SSDSC) increased the production of distilled water and the volumetric thermal efficiency by 143.4% and 146.0%, respectively, as compared with (SSDS). The solar water heater connected to the third set (SSDSCSH) increased the basin water temperature resulting in increasing the evaporation rate and the production of distilled water. Therefore, this system increased the production of distilled water and the volumetric thermal efficiency by 38.0% and 40.0%, respectively, as compared with the second set (SSDSC). Moreover, the third set increased the production of distilled water and the volumetric thermal efficiency by 235.9% and 244.4%, respectively, as compared with the first set of solar stiller (SSDS) The accumulated of atmospheric dust on the glass cover of solar distillers reduced the production of distilled water and efficiency by 63%. Therefore, the cleanliness of the solar still glass cover was crucial to provide and maintain the maximum production. Ultimately, The pH, EC, and TDS of the distilled water were found to be much lower (7.8, 42.9 ms/cm, and 39.7 ppm, respectively) than those of the brackish water (8, 1417 ms/cm, and 1392 ppm, respectively).}, keywords = {Double-slope solar still,Solar water heater,Condensers,Evaporative cooling}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41812.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41812_9b2d4fd91e61ee4fb603ca43f99a34e0.pdf} } @article { author = {Hemeida, B. and Al-Rajhi, M. and El-Ashhab, A.}, title = {EFFECT OF THE INTERNAL SIZE AND THERMAL INSULATION OF THE HIVE ON BEE COLONIES STRINGTH AND PRODUCTIVITY}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {117-127}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41813}, abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the internal size and thermal insulation of the hive on bee colonies strength (sealed brood area) and productivity (honey and pollen areas). Hives from Langstroth type were used containing honeybee colonies of equal strength from the species of hybrid carniolan. This study included three internal sizes of bee hives (0.024, 0.031 and 0.038 m3); three insulation cases (without, with sackcloth and with foam); and three hive entrance direction (East, Southeast and South). The lowest mean hive temperatures recorded in the middle of January to be 18.3, 16.8 and 11.8°C with foam, sackcloth and without insulation, respectively. Average lower temperature were 20, 16.7 and 13.6 °C for internal hive sizes of 0.024, 0.031and 0.038 m3, respectively. Average temperature were 17.3, 16.9 and 16.6 °C for hive entrance direction South, Southeast and East, respectively. The mean area of honey, pollen and sealed brood at the end of March were 826, 652 and 3561 cm2, respectivelywhen using foam insulator. And 884, 716 and 3626 cm2, respectivelywith internal hive size 0.024 m3. In case of south entrance direction the above areas were 845, 658 and 3542 cm2, respectively. Significant increase in hive temperature, honey, pollen and sealed brood areas were detected when using the lowest internal beehives size and foam insulator.}, keywords = {hive size and insulating,bee colonies,hive temperature,honey area,pollen area,sealed brood area}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41813.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41813_8a7e1c0c428456fab22c3dbc3a68491e.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd-El Mawla, H. and Hemeida, B.}, title = {SUGARCANE MECHANICAL HARVESTING-EVALUATION OF LOCAL APLICATIONS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {129-141}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41814}, abstract = {The design and commercial manufacturing of mechanical sugarcane harvesters have taken place firstly in Hawaii, Australia, Southern USA (Louisiana and Florida) and Japan where the sugarcane production is fully mechanized. Significant researches of mechanical cane harvesting have also been done in Barbados, Brazil, Trinidad, Cuba, India and several other countries. Normally there are two sugarcane mechanical harvesting systems classified as follow: 1-Whole-stalk sugarcane harvesting system (the system which delivers whole stalk of canes). Large self-propelled whole stalk harvesters operated only within full mechanization systems. Other tractor mounted machines or small single axle walkman steering cane cutters are fabricated for the conditions of developed countries. 2-Cut-chop-harvesting or chopper harvesting system (the system which chop the cane into billets while harvesting). This system is also called sugarcane combine harvesting system. All other cane harvesters are whole-stalk-harvesters developed to perform stalk base cutting as principle function and some of harvesters may include mechanisms for topping and/or windrowing in addition. Since manual harvesting of sugarcane is actually whole stalk harvesting by labors so that in changing from manual to a mechanical harvesting system, whole stalk harvesting may fit more easily. When replacing manual by mechanical harvesting whole stalk harvesting matches the existing system of reaping, transportation, storage and the feeding of cane into mill. Actually for semi mechanization, the machine will perform one or more of the functions done by the labor performing mix sugarcane harvesting system. Developed countries apply full mechanization for harvesting entire production of sugarcane. Australia use chopper machines for full mechanization sugarcane harvesting. United States of America apply full mechanization of sugarcane harvesting systems either by choppers (in Hawaii and Florida) or by solider whole stalk harvesters (in Louisiana). Countries grow large areas of sugarcane such as Brazil, India, Cuba, South Africa and China may have large agricultural sectors that economically apply full mechanization, medium sectors that apply semi mechanization and small size farms that still harvest sugarcane manually. These countries fabricate both of full and semi mechanization technology for sugarcane harvesting. Other countries such as Iran, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and other developed countries fabricate successful semi mechanization harvesters. Several trails have been done to locally demonstrate imported sugarcane harvesters. The demonstrated machines were not accepted by the local farmers because of poor performance. Other trails to develop and test local designs of sugarcane cutter harvesters through graduate student research programs have not yet been succeeded. The current article devoted to review the commercially available cane harvesters, report the efforts to mechanize cane harvesting and evaluate the conditions that determine the application of cane mechanical harvesting.}, keywords = {Mechanization- Types of cane harvester- full mechanization of cane harvesters- Semi mechanization of cane harvesters- Mechanize cane harvesting in Egypt}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41814.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41814_9fc07a8cd7c9ca391043119900bd93d5.pdf} } @article { author = {Basiouny, M. and El-Yamani, A. and El- Shazely, A.}, title = {MODIFYING OF A LOCAL THRESHER FOR CHOPPING CROP RESIDUES}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {143-163}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2015.41815}, abstract = {          Field experiments conducted out to evaluate the performance of a modified thresher machine (El-shams thresher model) for chopping two types of crop residues namely rice straw and cotton stalks. The effect of  two types of cutting knives (swinging and rotating knives), four cutting rotor speeds of 19.63, 23.56, 27.49 and 31.4m/s, and three stalk moisture contents of 10.45, 14.73 and 18.81%, d.b. for rice straw and 8.37, 11.27 and 15.65%, d.b. for cotton stalks on cutting length, cutting efficiency, productivity and total machine losses were taken the considerations. And also, an estimation of power, energy requirements, operating cost and criterion function cost were made. Results indicated that, cutting length <3cm was increased with increasing cutting rotor speed and decreasing stalks moisture content. The maximum value of machine cutting efficiency and machine productivity were 95.8, 94.2% and 1.15, 1.13ton/h for rice straw and cotton stalks, respectively. However the lowest value of energy requirement were 24.63 and 16.26kW.h/ton for rice straw and cotton stalks. Also, minimum values of criterion function cost was 74.68LE/ton and61.67LE/ton  for cutting rice straw and cutting cotton stalks. The optimum operation conditions for cutting rice straw was at cutting rotor speed of 19.6m/s, stalks moisture content of 10.45%, and using swinging knives and for cutting cotton stalks was at cutting rotor speed of  27.5m/s, stalks moisture content of 8.37%, and using rotating knives.}, keywords = {rice straw,cotton stalks,cutting devices}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41815.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_41815_f610e8933e5dfaceed703705476a6cfe.pdf} }