@article { author = {Eid, S. M. and Khafagy, H. A.}, title = {SURFACE ALTERNATIVE IRRIGATION AS AN EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUE FOR SAVING IRRIGATION WATER}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {391-398}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2013.51885}, abstract = {        Two field experiments were carried out during summer seasons, of 2010 and 2011, at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. Maize (hybrid single cross 10) was evaluated in a split plot design with four replicates.   Three treatments, of furrow length 30, 40 and 50 m, were studied under two surface irrigation methods; traditional and alternative. Data showed that, both water advance time and recession time were increased under traditional furrow irrigation, while opportunity time decreased under alternative irrigation.           The results also revealed that, the applied irrigation water amount was less under alternative method. Values of amount were 2673, 2727 and 2856 m3/fed. for 30, 40 and 50 m furrow lengths, under alternate irrigation. While these values were 3177, 3282 and 3378, under traditional irrigation, for the studied lengths, respectively.   Water application efficiency (Ea), was higher under the alternative technique. The average values of (Ea), for traditional irrigation method were 60.2, 64.3 and 59%. The corresponding values for alternate irrigation method were 77.5, 86.3 and 80.3% under furrow length of 30, 40 and 50 m respectively. Average values of water productivity (WP), for alternative irrigation method were 1.34, 1.40 and 1.3 kg/m3 under 30, 40 a 50 m furrow length respectively. Meanwhile, corresponding values under traditional irrigation method were 1.06, 1.07 and 1.00 kg/m3, respectively.}, keywords = {Alternative irrigation,surface irrigation methods,Maize}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51885.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51885_c06a7cb66e88706e6541deec23b058e1.pdf} } @article { author = {Kabeel, H. and Hussien, S.M. and Ismail, E.A. and Eid, T. A.}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF CHANGE THE SURFACE IRRIGATION TO BUBBLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS OF FRUITFUL "LE-CONTE" PEAR TREES}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {399-416}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2013.51879}, abstract = {The present investigation was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the water use efficiency, vegetative and roots growth parameters, fruiting measurements, fruit quality and leaf mineral content of "Le-Conte" pear trees under the two irrigation systems. Obtained results revealed that, the surface irrigation gave the highest consumptive use followed by bubbler irrigation system. As it registered (6590 and 3311 m3/fed.) in the first season and (6398 and 3308m3/fed.) in the second one, respectively. Water consumption increased as soil moisture maintained high by surface irrigation. Monthly water use was low after February, then increased to reach a maximum during June and July then they declined again. On the other hand, bubbler irrigation system achieved an increase of water use efficiency. Data displayed obviously that, bubbler irrigation system obtained an increase in both vegetative and root growth parameters i.e., (shoot length, number of leaves/shoot, leaf area, root length, number of roots and dry weight). However, bubbler irrigation system resulted in significantly increase in fruiting parameters (fruit set %, number of fruits/tree and yield either kg per tree or ton/fed.). In addition to that, most of both physical and chemical studied fruit characteristics were improved by using bubbler irrigation system than the surface irrigation system during 2011 and 2012 seasons. Meanwhile, and leaf mineral content (N, P, and K) was insignificantly affected by both investigated irrigation systems in the two seasons of study. Finally, it could be concluded and recommended for pear growers on clay loamy soil to change surface irrigation system to bubbler irrigation system for save irrigation water with better fruit yield, fruit quality, longer root system and increasing water use efficiency.   }, keywords = {}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51879.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51879_6ecb092d4788611097f493dcc98319af.pdf} } @article { author = {Sonbol, H. A. and Taha, A. A. and Baddour, G. A. and Othman, Maha M.}, title = {EFFECT OF SALINITY STRESS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF SOME CROPS}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {417-427}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2013.51894}, abstract = {       The effect of five artificia soil salinity levels (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0%) on seed germination, fresh and dry weight of seedling and N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na contents as well as its uptake by cotton, wheat, barley , faba been and tomato seedlings were studied. The obtained results could  be summarized as follows: The mean values of germination percentages were progressivity and significantly decreased as the level of salinity was increased. On the contrary of this trend; the calculated mean values of germination time (MGT) were increased with increasing the salinity levels. The highest salinity level used (1.0%), the long time required to complete the germination process. In addition, germination performance index (GPI) was calculated to integrate mean time to germination performance. The highest value of GPI as affected by salinity levels investigated was obtained from crop seeds in low salinity level of 0.2%. Increasing the level of salinity from 0.2 to 1.0%, significantly reduced the average values of fresh and dry weight of crop seedlings. -    Total N, P and K % contents in the seedlings of all crops under study were significantly decreased as the level of salinity was increased and the same trend was realized for the uptake of these nutrients by the seedling of these crops. -    Increasing the level of salinity from 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 up to 1.0% significantly increased the concentration of Ca, Mg and Na% in the seedling of the investigated crop. Such effect was happened for the uptake of these nutrients by the seedling of all crops. -    From the results mention: the ability of these plants on resistance  of salinity stress can be arranged as barley than cotton than wheat than tomato and lastly faba been}, keywords = {salinity stress,Germination,Seedling characters,field crops}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51894.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51894_c764556fbf9270f12d6338c7f4fcf264.pdf} } @article { author = {Oda, M. M. M. and Abd El-Hady, A. A. and Abd El Kawi, W. A. M. and Ali, R. R.}, title = {STUDY AND EVALUATE EL GABAL EL ASFAR SOILS WHICH IRRIGATED BY SEWAGE SLUDGE}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {429-440}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2013.51889}, abstract = {The investigated area is located to the east of the Nile Delta; it is bounded by latitudes 30° 11' 15" & 30° 14' 10" N and longitudes 31° 22' 05" & 31° 24' 20" E. According to period of irrigated by sewage effluents the soils of the area were divided into four grades. These include i) non-irrigated and barren, ii) irrigated for (24 years), iii) irrigated for (49 years) and iv) irrigated for 82 years until 2009 and after this changed to irrigated by ground water. Four soil profiles were taken to represent the soils of the area. Morphological description and soil sampling were conducted during the field work. The soil properties including texture, depth, organic matter (OM), EC, CaCO3, pH, CEC, and ESP have been determined. The soils were classified as: Typic Torripsamments and Typic Torriorthents according to the American soil taxonomy. The soil capability classes ranged between (2) good and (5) very poor. The soil suitability ranged between S1 and S3. The soils of  the area are suitable for field crops (Wheat, Barley, Faba bean, Sugar beat, Sun flower, Maize,  Soya bean, Peanut, Cotton, Sugar Cane), vegetable (Tomato, Pepper, Watermelon, Alfalfa, Sorghum), and fruit (Citrus, Grape, Olive, Apple, Pear, Figs, Date palm). The soils are in general not suitable for Cabbage, Onion, Rice and Banana.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51889.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51889_4edc0cdefc522e8afd9b64e40c2542b4.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdrabo, A. F. A. and Abdalh, S. El.}, title = {DEVELOPMENT OF A PICKUP BALER FOR CHOPPING AND COMPRESSING CROP RESIDUES FOR PROCESSING NON-CONVENTIONAL FORAGES}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {375-389}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2013.51881}, abstract = {       The aim of this study is to develop a John Deere Pickup Baler for chopping and compressing rice straw and stalks of wheat  for Processing non-conventional Forages .This study was conducted by using a develop John Deere Pickup Baler to show the effect of straw moisture content and stalks of wheat are (36.0, 30.0,24.0 and 16.0 %), (28.0,25.0,22.0 and 18.0%) respectively ,machine forward speed (1.8,2.3,3.5 and 4.4 km/h) and different knives speed (18.0, 20.0, 23.0, and 26.0 m/s) on lengths of cut, Efficiency of straw bales, effective field capacity, energy requirements and unit cost .The results indicated that increase the forward speed from (1.8 to 4.4 km/h) at knives speed 26.0 m/se and straw rice moisture content of 30%, stalks of wheat.25.0%, w.b  respectively tends to decrease lengths of cut of straw rice from (63.0 to 32.0 mm) and ( 60.0 to 28.0 mm) from stalks of wheat ,increasing effective field capacity from (0.61 to 1.14 and 0.655 to 1.4 fed/h.) respectively , decreasing energy required from (60.65 to 32.457 and 56.92 to 26.42 Kw.h/fed respectively)  and decreasing unit cost from (87.06 to 46.58 and 81.7 to 37.93 LE/fed.), respectively. Also, straw moisture content of 36.0 % and stalks of wheat 28.0 %w.b. gave the highest values of chopping length, Efficiency of straw bales, energy requirements and unit cost  at forward speed 1.8 km/h and knives speed 18 m/se}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51881.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_51881_9feca058e13374ccff736b908b28bedd.pdf} }