@article { author = {Mohamed, Mahmoud S. and Ganzour, Shimaa K. and Abou-Kota, Mohamed E.}, title = {Relationship Mechanisms among Soils Fertility Degradation and Physicochemical Properties in Siwa Oasis Soils}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {649-664}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.61876}, abstract = {The recent soil fertility evaluations are evidence of the serious development challenges that many agricultural regions in Egypt; and with growing food demand, soil evaluation will become even more important for the regions in the coming years. The soils studied revealed that the highest ions concentration measured in soil paste extracts were Na+ and Cl- ions. The soil pH could be categorized as slightly to moderately alkaline. Alkaline soils, that have ESP more than 15% and high pH values. In general, most soils were relatively sandy loam. Else, CEC of the soils in the study area was between 3.16 to 24.96 cmolc kg-1. Most soil study high content of CaCO3 and considered as very slightly; slightly; moderately and highly gypsiferous. Data indicated that the available macro and micronutrients in the study area are low. Also, the exchangeable cations were significantly affected by recently environmental changes. This study was undertaken to investigate the spatial variability of selected soil properties using SFI modeling. Up to on the quantitative evaluation of SFI using spatial variability of soil data and modeling techniques is a very important operation. SFI in our study area is very poor fertility (S4= <20) according to classes and values of SFI. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the significant positive correlation among SFI and soil pH; EC; CaCO3; OM; total N; available of P, Fe, Mn and Cu; exchangeable of Ca, Na and K. In addition, the SFI is insignificantly and positively correlated with available Zn and exchangeable Mg.}, keywords = {Soil fertility degradation (SFD),physicochemical properties,Siwa Oasis}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_61876.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_61876_62656c1212750d0e3797fcd89a188efe.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-Sheikha, A. M. and Shabrawi, H. and Abd El-Salam, Y. and Ghazy, M. E.}, title = {Investigation an Electronic Device to Complemet the Common Planter Feeding Device}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {665-669}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.62231}, abstract = {This study was carried out to complement voide of seed /grain during planting with common feeding device using an electronic unit. The modified planter consist of two feeding system namely, the main feeding with cells/disc device and the complementary feeding with cone hole device operating by. This system calibrated under condition when a seed /grain for any reason is voided from the main feeding device, the other device automatically compensate it. To meet this goal, three sensors were conducted to two feeding systems. An electronic circuit designed at private sector that involve pic 16f877 connected with LM016LCD,  pot-hg resistor and ground located in box. Also, there IR sensors and electrical lever connected to electronic circuit that operates by 3V battery. A cylinder seed box IR and cone seed box IR were placed at point of seeds out conducted with electronic circuit to receive and record the seed number out from cylinder and cone box respectively. Guide-gear sensor is the third IR sensor that placed on the right side of the machine frame at the end in front of guide gear to sent signal to pic. The experiments were done under different speed travel , number of feeding revolution ratio and land wheel revolution. The results indicated that ; Using the complementary feeding device solve the problems of voide that decreased by about 0% compared with normal device. Also, The feeding system efficiency increased by about 1.2 times at 1.42 m/sec per reduction ratio of 0.49}, keywords = {Metering device,Planters,complementary feeding,electronic feeding}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_62231.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_62231_a0e15b1dc2fc5121b3a97220fdce8a1a.pdf} } @article { author = {Elkaoud, Nabil and Elglaly, A. M. M.}, title = {Development of Grading Machine for Citrus Fruits (Valencia Orange)}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {671-677}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.62864}, abstract = {This research aims to develop and fabricate an innovative and simple prototype of a grading machine for citrus fruits. This research was conducted in the workshop at the college of Agri. Eng. Al-Azhar Univ., Assiut. Design feature includes three major characteristics are a simple design and ease of use, its parts are locally available materials and ease of construction in addition to possibility sizing most of spherical fruits by changing some adjustments. The machine was adjusted to the grading of Valencia orange fruits into five categories. The results revealed that the suggested design achieved high sizing efficiency by using the machine at an angle of inclination of the tilted flat (Af) that corresponds to the coefficient of static friction of fruit types graded. Also, the roller of the grading system must rotate against the fall of the fruit in order not to get stuck between the roller and the tilted flat. But, it was clear that no effect for speeds of the revolving roller on the machine performance. Percentages of the machine efficiency were 78.2, 94, and 77.8 % at values of the angle ( ) 16o, 20o and 24o respectively using the speed of the revolving roller (  = 10 rpm). Also, the results indicated that the machine throughput capacity did not change significantly by increasing the speed of the revolving roller at any given angle. The maximum values the machine throughput capacity were 105, 136.8, and 152 kg/h. at values of the angle ( ) 16o, 20o and 24o respectively using the speed of the revolving roller (  = 10 rpm).}, keywords = {sizing machine,citrus fruits,sorting by size,spherical fruit,Valencia orange}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_62864.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_62864_be08f1099e8f74f55a2db733f6ab5566.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-Zehery, T. M. and Ghazi, Azza A.}, title = {Impact of Biochar and Biofertilizer on Guar Plant (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub) Growth and Sandy Soil Fertility}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {679-684}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.67354}, abstract = {Two pot experiments were performed during the two continuous summer seasons of (2013&2014) at the wire proof greenhouse associated in Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, KafrEl-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. The experiment targeted to evaluate the effects with adding different rates of biochar(w/w) (C0=without biochar, C1=0.2%biochar and C2=0.4%biochar) with nitrogen fertilizer rates (N0=without nitrogen, N1=30 kgN.fed-1, N2=45 kgN.fed-1 and N3=60 kgN.fed-1) on guar plant (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.Taub) inoculated with Rhizobium isolate AZ2. Different attributes such as N-uptake, yield, yield components of guar and the residual impact on some biochemical properties associated with sandy soil were examined. The experiments were carried out in a complete randomized block design with three replicates. Results indicated that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of guar plants after sixty days from transplant significantly increased by typically the addition of 0.4%biochar+30 kgN.fed-1 (T11) in sandy soil compared to the control (without biochar+without nitrogen fertilization+without inoculation=T1). The identical trend was observed using N,P and k% in guar plant seeds at harvesting stage. Furthermore, amount of nodules, nodules dry weight, dry weight of plant after 60 days and seeds dry weight increased with (T11) compared with control (T1). In respect to high quality parameters of guar for instance protein% in seeds and leg-hemoglobin, T11 seemed to be the best treatment. Available nitrogen and phosphorus content of soil increased substantially with T13 (0.4%biochar+60 kgN.fed-1) compared with control, while available potassium increased along with T11. Also, catalase activity as a parameter regarding microbial activities gave typically the highest values with T11.}, keywords = {Biochar,biofertilizer,guar plant,sandy soil,nitrogen fertilizer}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67354.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67354_bfa25c80dc7734c34a15846248b4538c.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-Sayed, M. M. and Khalafalla, M. Y. and Gebreel, M. and Abdel-Mawgoud, A. S. A.}, title = {Surge flow Performance for Furrow Irrigation under Upper Egypt Conditions}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {685-691}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.67356}, abstract = {The current study was conducted at The Experimental Farm, Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Assuit, Egypt (27°  12- 16.67= N latitude, 31° 09- 36.86= E longitude and at 51 m altitude) during the winter season of 2018 (September to December). The research work aimed to assess the performance of surge irrigation compared to the continuous one by measuring the advance rate of the wetting front, inflow/ outflow rates, distribution uniformity, application efficiency, suitable furrow length and surge numbers. Surge flow irrigation leads to a decrease in advance time compared to continuous flow. The reduction percentages in advance and recession time are more pronounced under low discharge rate and long furrow length. Surge flow irrigation used less amounts of water than continuous one. Surge flow could save almost one third of the applied water by continuous flow especially into long furrow with 5 surges of medium discharge rate. The larger discharge coupled with large furrow resulted in the maximum water saving of about 28% among all the other combinations. For all possible combinations, the volume ratio remained less than one indicating that less total water is required to complete the advance phase in surged irrigation compared to continuous one. Surge flow showed higher application efficiency than that of continuous one. The higher application efficiency (83%) was observed under 5 surges flow into 100 m furrow length with 1.2 L/S discharge rate. Water losses by deep percolation were more pronounced in short furrow length than that of long one and they were minimized by surge flow. Surge flow realized higher distribution uniformity (DU) than that of continuous one.}, keywords = {Surge irrigation,Advance and recession time,Application efficiency,Deep percolation,Water distribution uniformity}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67356.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67356_f3d361d1fc9690a32ce5294838cc964f.pdf} } @article { author = {Kotb, Mohamed and Abdel-Lattif, H. M.}, title = {Assessment the Effect of Compost Amendments on Soil Characteristics and Barley Plant}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {693-697}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.67361}, abstract = {This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three different types of commercial compost, i.e., Animal Manure Compost (AMC), Crop Manure Compost (CMC) and Town Refuse Compost (TRC) on some chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of sand soil, as well as growth and yield barley plant (Hordum vulgar cv. Giza 123). They were individually applied at rate of 2% (oven-dry basis) and incubated for 56 days, and then Humic Acids (HA) and Fulvic Acids (FA) fractions were extracted and analyzed using total acidity and UV-Vis spectroscopy. From UV-Vis absorption spectra the absorbance ratios E4/E6 have been calculated. Soil pH, EC, and organic carbon content were determined. In addition, compost-N mineralization and nitrification rates were assessed. The results showed that the soil treated with organic amendment had higher values of organic matter, EC and available N as Compared with the unamend soil. Soil compost amendments had positive effect on mineralization, as the Net-N release increased with incubation time. The E4/E6 ratios of HA fraction in soil treatments ranged from 3.2 to 7.6, while the E4/E6 ratios of FA were higher than that of HA values (4.3-9.5). On the other hand, total acidity of function group for FAs was much greater than that for HAs (0.6-10.6 meq g−1 fulvic material). The results showed that addition of composts significantly (at P≤0.05) increased barley grain, straw weight and total yield compared to control (no compost application).}, keywords = {compost,Humus,N release,Soil fertility,soil chemical characteristics}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67361.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67361_55e75f630c2bda10b6caf47cfd2cacc9.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Kamar, Faten A. and Mohamed, M. S. and Hussien, R. A.}, title = {Enhancing Water Use Efficiency in Sandy Soil Using some Organic and Mineral Additives under Deficit Irrigation during Vegetative Growth of Peanut}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {699-704}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.67362}, abstract = {A field experiment has been carried out at the Ismailia Agricultural Research station, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt, during the summer seasons of 2017 and 2018. It aimed to study the effect of deficit irrigation during vegetative growth and addition of humic acid (Hu), gibberellic acid (GA3), silicon (Si), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) on peanut yield and its components. The present work included three irrigation treatments, T1 irrigation with amount of 100% ETc, imposed from 10 days after sowing until harvest, T2 irrigation with amount water equal to 60%ETc imposed 10 days after sowing until 38 days after sowing after which with 100% ETc until harvest, T3 irrigation with amount of water equal to 80% ETc imposed from 10 days after sowing until 38 days after sowing follows with 100% ETc maintained until harvest. Foliar spray included 5000 ppm Hu, 150 ppm GA3 and 200 ppm Si. Potassium K was added as soil application before sowing at a rate of 100 kg ha-1 as K2SO4 and Ca was applied during soil preparation as CaSO4 at rate of 500 kg ha-1. The fully irrigated treatment T1 100% ETc yielded the highest pods and kernel yield but non-significant difference from T2 and T3. WUE and IWUE increased by deficit irrigation during vegetative growth. Application of Hu, GA3, Si, K and Ca significantly increased peanut pods and kernel yield and had significant effect on WUE and IWUE.}, keywords = {Deficit Irrigation,Plant growth regulators,sandy soil,water use efficiency}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67362.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67362_59960bfccefb687cb5bf4e6d6cae6e91.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-Shabrawy, T. H.}, title = {Developing Sprinkler for Seedling Trays Irrigation}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {693-697}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.67364}, abstract = {This research aimed to develop and evaluate of manual sprinkler for seedling trays irrigation in incubate greenhouses, chassis with wheel and two arms were developed to facilitate sprinkler pull and mechanical transmission by adding eccentric mechanism for sprinkler pump arm instead of manual one. This research also aimed to develop the irrigation water distribution system with multi - point holder and distributing regularly in two directions with increasing the number of  irrigation nozzles. Preliminary experiments were carried out to ensure equal discharge of  sprinkler nozzles on the same hose axis at factors :  irrigation hose inclination angle on the horizontal level (0o, 5o, 10o, 15o and 20o) with Nk (Mini sprinkler and Fog sprinkler) nozzles at wheel : eccentric revolutions We (1:1, 1:2 and 1:4). Developed sprinkler experimented in one of the greenhouses for incubate vegetables seedling trays, at three different tested factors, two types of irrigation nozzles Nt (Mini sprinkler and Fog sprinkler), Wheel : eccentric revolutions (We) (1:1, 1:2 and 1:4), three levels of sprinkler irrigation hose arm height (H) from trays surface (13, 15 and 17) cm. The results showed that: the irrigation hose best inclination angle 10o gave regular discharge l/s. for two types of nozzles. In general, the rate of sprinkler nozzle irrigation discharge (6.3 × 10-2) L/s.  and water distribution is steadily increasing with increased We from 1:1 to 1:4 at irrigation hose arm height H = 13 cm.}, keywords = {seedling trays – incubation greenhouses – irrigation sprinkler – irrigation nozzles – trays water distribution)}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67364.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67364_2be93d616890bbec17f4539039c9e479.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, S. I. and Kasem, E. S.}, title = {Effect of Irrigation Numbers and Plant Density on Growth, Yield of Garlic Cultivar Eggaseed -1}, journal = {Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, pages = {711-718}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3685}, eissn = {2090-3766}, doi = {10.21608/jssae.2019.67365}, abstract = {Two field trials were carried out  during the two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at the Experimental  Farm of Sids Horticulture Research Station, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of both irrigation frequency, i.e., irrigation once every 14 days (the plant received 10 irrigations),21days (the plant received 7 irrigations) and 28 days (the plant received 5 irrigations) and plant density. The cloves number was 30 cloves/ m2 (D1) in low plant density 45 (D2) and 60 cloves/ m2 (D3)  in the higher plant density was used Egaseed-1 garlic cultivar. The obtained results indicated that effect of irrigation numbers and plant densities were significantly affected all vegetative growth parameters (plant height,, leave numbers, vegetative growth weight and bulbing ratio)  and all bulb quality parameters (bulb dry matter %,  clove weight (g), bulb fresh weight (g) and cured bulb diameter (cm) of Eggaseed-1garlic cultivar where the highest values of various vegetative growth and bulb quality parameters were recorded with plants that received 10 irrigations addition to low plant population (30 cloves / m2). The highest marketable yield were recorded when plants received 10 irrigations in addition to low populations 30 cloves /m2. However, the lowest values of  all yield parameters were recorded when plants received 5 irrigations in addition to high population 60 plants/m2. in both seasons. Irrigation plants every 28 days with high population (60 plants/m2) significantly decreased weight loss % after two, four and six months under storage in both seasons.}, keywords = {Garlic,irrigation numbers,Growth,yield,water relationships}, url = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67365.html}, eprint = {https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_67365_e4882de04c2cb845a87afacc5222d98c.pdf} }