eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
719
732
10.21608/jssae.2013.52066
52066
Original Article
ASSESSING THE FILTRATION PROCESS OF MEDIA FILTERS FOR MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING DIFFERENT MEDIA
A. F. Hassan
1
Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center.
The media filter is a fundamental techniques for removing any organic sediments as algae, weeds and bacteria or inorganic sediments as clay, sand and solid chemicals that may be present in the water and could cause nozzles and emitter clogging.
Innovated filter unit with filtration media consists of foam granules and polyethylene granules comparison with sand or gravel media filter.
Worth Mentioning that the foam granules media was resisting of mold, bacteria decomposition and water salinity but unresisting of some acid decomposition. Also, the polyethylene granules media was resisting of mold, bacteria, water salinity and acid decomposition.
Field experiments were carried out, at Al-Mansouria farm-Giza Governorate and Al-Bustan fields Behaira Governorate to evaluate the performance of the designed innovated filters with a foam granules media and polyethylene granules media. The aim of this study was innovated media filter unit consisting to substitute media of sand or gravel media was high sufficiency and lesser coset.
The experiment show that the flow rate is started to decrease and the flow rate reduction percentage is started to increase when the pressure losses increased from 0.6 bar pressure losses until 1.0 bar pressure losses. Also, the results show that the water consumption during the flushing process and the time consumed of filtering volume unite are started to increase when the pressure losses increase from 0.6 bar until 1.0 bar pressure losses. Eventually, the sedimentation concentrate and the filtration efficiency are started to decrease when the pressure loss increase from 0.6 bar until 1.0 bar until 1.0 bar pressure losses. The results show that the use of foam as media filter is recommend because of its high performance regarding increase filtration efficiency at 80.03% with Nile water and 78.69% with waste water and decrease the cost of cubic meter of filtration technically and economically.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52066_ddfcf9a4251e7bf23a84559ab089b0b0.pdf
Innovated
algae
weeds
nozzles
polyethylene
foam
salinity
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
719
732
10.21608/jssae.2013.52068
52068
Original Article
EFFECT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN BIOFERTILIZERS AND SALINE IRRIGATION WATER ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L) IN NORTHERN SINAI - EGYPT
M. A. M. El-Sayed
mahalyeg@yahoo.com
1
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Desert Research Center, El-Mataria, Cairo, Egyp
Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive seasons (2007/2008 and 2008/2009) at the experimental station of El Sheikh Zowayed, Desert Research Center to study the effect of biofertilizer application (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum and mixture of them) under three levels of saline irrigation water (2000, 3000 and 4000 µgl-1) on growth and productivity of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L).
The obtained results showed that, biofertilizer treatments significantly increased microbial activities in safflower rhizosphere (total bacterial counts, azotobacters and azospirilla densities, CO2 evolution and dehydrogenase activity). Also, biofertilizers enhanced plant height, number of branches per plant, fresh and dry weight /plant. On the other hand, nitrogen content in soil and shoots plant at 35, 70 and 120 days from sowing increased by inoculation with biofertilizers during the two seasons. Number of heads /plant, head diameter, number of seeds /head, weight of 100 seed, stand, protein, phosphorus, oil content and oil yield at harvest significantly increased in biofertilizers treatments. Dual inoculation treatment gave the highest values of growth characters, yield and chemical composition of safflower plant as well as microbial activities in safflower rhizosphere.
Increasing salinity in irrigation water from 2000 to 4000 µgl-1 significantly decreased microbial activities in safflower rhizosphere, growth characters, yield, yield components and chemical contents of plant.
Interaction between biofertilizer treatments and salinity had a significant effect on microbial activities in safflower rhizosphere. Also, application of dual or individual biofertilizer with saline irrigation water improved plant growth and yield and yield components of safflower compared with uninoculated plants.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52068_45b8a9ca7c2359913283fbe35a082deb.pdf
Safflower variety (Giza 1)
biofertilizers
salinity
microbial counts
Growth
yield
Chemical composition
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
661
676
10.21608/jssae.2013.52070
52070
Original Article
EFFECT OF GYPSUM AND MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON NITROGEN FORMS DISTRIBUTION THROUGH AGRO-SYSTEM AND YIELD OF POTATO GROWN ON A CLAY SOIL UNDER TILE DRAINAGE SYSTEM CONDITIONS
Manal F. Tantawy
1
M. A. El-Sherif
2
M. A. H. Mohamad
3
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute , Agric. Res. Center, Giza, A. R. E.
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute , Agric. Res. Center, Giza, A. R. E.
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute , Agric. Res. Center, Giza, A. R. E.
A field experiment was carried out on an alluvial clay soil of a pilot field at Talla area, Minufiya Governorate , Egypt during two successive growth winter seasons 2011 / 2012 and 2012 / 2013 to study the effect of agricultural gypsum application and mineral -N fertilizer ( ammonium nitrate , 33 % N ) solely or in combination under different distances of tile drain on some soil properties and yield of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) Scotland cv . Nieta. Agricultural gypsum was applied at rates of 0 and 3 ton/fed. as a protection dose. Nitrogen fertilizer was added at rates of 0 and 500 kg / fed. ( 165 kg N / fed. ) , which equals 100 % of the recommended dose. The field was provided by tile drains spaced at 30 m with 1.5 m depth. The content of nitrogen forms ( NH4-N and NO3-N ) distribution through different soil depths, ground and drainage waters in relation to time were studied. Water table depth after the first and second irrigations was measured above and midway of the laterals. Ground and drainage waters were analyzed. Tubers and shoots of potato contents of NH4-N and NO3-N were determined. The experiment was carried out in a split split - plot design with three replicates .
The obtained data show that ground water depth was increased with increasing the period after irrigation especially after the first irrigation. The greatest increase of ground water depth was found above the laterals. Also , this depth was increased with gypsum application. After the first and second irrigation and harvesting stage, the soil content (mg/kg) from available NH4-N and NO3-N was decreased with the increase of soil depth. The greatest decrease of soil content of available N was found above the laterals in the soil treated by gypsum and unfertilized by N especially at harvesting stage. With the different treatments, the soil content of NH4-N was higher than of NO3-N. On the other hand, ground and drainage water content (mg/l) of NO3-N were higher than those of NH4-N with all treatments under study. Also , this content was increased with both gypsum and N fertilization applications. Soil salinity values were relatively affected by drain spacing treatments. In surface layer , the soil salinity value was 1.35 and 1.54 dSm-1 for above and midway (15 m) drain spacing.
Results indicate that the highest tubers yield of potato plants was found in the soil treated by gypsum and fertilized by N above the laterals (16.39 ton / feddan). The highest content (%) of the two N forms in both shoots and tubers were found in the plants grown on above the laterals in the soil treated by gypsum and N fertilizer.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52070_4e32403d5cd649d9835f94fda6eed68a.pdf
agricultural gypsum
Tile drainage
Nitrogen fertilization
potato plants
Chemical composition
Ground and drainage water
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
707
717
10.21608/jssae.2013.52071
52071
Original Article
WHEAT RESPONSE TO N APPLICATION METHOD UNDER SOME IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AT NORTH DELTA
E. A. E. Gazia
1
M. A. Abd EL Aziz
2
Soil, Water & Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre ,Giza , Egypt
Soil, Water & Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre ,Giza , Egypt
A Field experiment was conducted during 2011 - 2012 cultivation season at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to evaluate the effect of some irrigation systems (surface irrigation "I1", semiportable sprinkler "I2", minisprinkler "I3", floppy sprinkler "I4", surface drip "I5" and sub-surface drip "I6" and N application methods (100 % fertigation "N1", 75 % fertigation + 25% soil application "N2", 50 % fertigation + 50% soil application "N3", 25 % fertigation + 75% soil application "N4" and 100 % soil application "N5") on wheat (var. Sakha 93) yield, N uptake, N use efficiency and soil available N remained after harvesting.
The main results could be summarized as follows:
1- Surface irrigation system (I1) and N1 treatment achieved the highest values of wheat grain and straw yields, while the lowest values were recorded with subsurface drip irrigation system and N4 treatment.
2- I1 and N2 treatment gave the highest 1000 kernel weight, while I6 and N4 treatment gave the lowest value.
3- The highest values of N uptake, and N use efficiency were recorded with I1 and N1, while, the lowest values were achieved under I6 and N5. The opposite trend was observed with available nitrogen remained in soil after wheat harvest. This means surface irrigation and N fertigation increase the ability of wheat plants to N uptake from the soil and consequently increase yield.
4- The response of wheat grain yield to N application method under surface drip irrigation could be expressed by equations 1 and 2 as follow:-
YSoil app = 3107.4 (N soil app.) + 56.1 (R2 = 0.9973), (1)
Yfert = 2756.2 (N fert.) + 31.7 (R2 = 0.9991), (2)
While, equations 3 and 4 summarized the response of grain yield to different N treatments under sub-surface drip irrigation as follow:-
Yfert = 2478.1 (N fert.) - 33.298 (R2 = 0.9992), (3)
YSoil app = 2064.3 (N soil app.) + 70.15 (R2 = 0.9913 ), (4)
Where:
YSoil app = the estimated wheat grain yield (kg fed-1) according to the contribution ratio of N soil application.
Yfert = the estimated wheat grain yield (kg fed-1) according to the contribution ratio N fertigation method.
N soil app.= N soil application ratio (%).
N fert = N fertigation ratio (%).
From equation 1, 2, 3 and 4 it could be concluded that nitrogen fertilizer is preferable to add as soil application with surface drip irrigation, while N fertigation method has to be used with sub-surface drip irrigation.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52071_e287ab3955e07ff1a53f493f1fd5a14d.pdf
wheat grain yield
surface drip
sub-surface drip irrigation
N soil application and N fertigation
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
757
773
10.21608/jssae.2013.52077
52077
Original Article
STUDY OF LAND RESOURCES AT SIWA OASIS USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUEES
M. A. Thabet
moham1988ed@yahoo.com
1
A. A. Abdel Hady
2
W. A. M. Abd El Kawy
3
A. H. EL-Nahry
4
Soils Sci. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Cairo University ,Giza ,Egypt.
Soils Sci. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Cairo University ,Giza ,Egypt.
Soils Sci. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Cairo University ,Giza ,Egypt.
National Authority For Remote Sensing and Space Science, Cairo, Egypt.
The area under investigation bounded by 25° 16- - 26° 7- E and latitudes, 29° 7- - 29° 21- N; and extended for about 70km in east-west direction, with a width of 7-10 km. The dominant texture class varied from sand, loamy sand, sandy loam; and silt loam. pH values ranged between 7.4 and 9.3. CaCo3 content ranged between 1.6 and 42.3%. O M values varied from 0.1 and 2.6%. Gypsum content ranged between 0.01and 5.04%. EC values varied from 0.5 and 98.3 (ds/m). The CEC values varied from 1.9 and 35.09(mq/l). ESP values varied from 6.3 and 36.4%. Nitrogen values varied from 11.1 and 55.9(ppm). Phosphorus values varied from 2.8 and 60.8(ppm). Potassium values varied from 186.6 and 933.1 (ppm). Based on the american soil taxonomythe soils were classified as Typic Torripsamments, Typic Psammaquents, Typic Haplosalids, Typic Aquisalids, Gypsic Haplosalids, Calcic Aquisalids, Typic Haplocalcids, Lithic Haplocalcids, and Duric Haplosalids. The soil capability varied from Good , Average , Low ,and Extremely low. Soil suitability for alfalfa, green pepper, onion, maize, barley, sugar cane, tomato, wheat, and wheat ranged between marginal and unsuitable except for olives, and date palm, ranged between moderate and unsuitable.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52077_c8a967c87739d912060d61cbd70b51cb.pdf
Soil capability
soil suitability
soils classified
nitrogen
phosphorus
potassium
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
777
791
10.21608/jssae.2013.52080
52080
Original Article
IMPACT OF STEEL SLAG APPLICATION ON NUTRIENTS AVAILABILITY AND CORN YIELD GROWN ON SALINE SOIL
A. M. Daoud
mobarak_salinlab47@yahoo.com
1
R. I. Fayed
2
Amal H. Mahmoud
amal_matter@yahoo.com
3
E. M. El-Zahaby
4
Soil Salinity Lab. Alex., Soil, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center-Egypt
Soil Salinity Lab. Alex., Soil, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center-Egypt
Soil Salinity Lab. Alex., Soil, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center-Egypt
Soil and Water Sci. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Alexandria.
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of arc furnace steel slag as a silicon source on the nutrients availability and corn yield in alluvial soil. The experimental treatments were 0, 500 and 1000 kg steel slag/fed, and 1.68, 3.0 and 6.0 dSm-1 soil salinity treatments. Response variables measured included yield of grains and stover, content of nutrients and metals in leaves and grains, and the available nutrients and metals remained in the soil after corn harvest. Grains and stover yields decreased progressively with increasing salinity levels in the absence of steel slag. Application of steel slag mitigated the deterioration effect of salinity stress. Grain yield markedly increased with slag applications and optimized (16.7%) with 500 kg slag rate at 3.0 dSm-1 salinity level. At 6.0 dSm-1 salinity, the increase in grains yield was mild (10.6%) at both rates of slag (500 and 1000 kg fed-1). Stover yield,though increased with slag application under salinity stress, but the increase was inconsistent. Steel slag applications significantly reduced Na and increased Ca, Mg, K and P contents in leaves and grain under saline conditions, with a greater response for P. Zinc content increased, and Fe decreased in leaves and grain with salinity in absence of steel slag, while applications of steel slag did not affect Zn content in grain and straw at any level of salinity but promoted Fe content. The changes in Cu content were very limited. The contents of Cd, Ni, Pb and Cr were slightly changed with slag application and lie within the ranges being sufficient for corn.
The available K increased with salinity in absence of slag. When slag added, available K content was rather increased with no consistent trend. Available P tended to decrease with salinity increasing, but markedly increased in the presence of slag at the same level of salinity. At 1000 kg slag rate, the available P was nearly twice than that of control either at 3.0 or 6.0 dS m-1 salinity level. Available Na and Si were higher in saline soils-untreated with slag. When slag applied, available Na decreased at any level of salinity, while available Si was slightly affected. This pattern was abundant with 500 kg slag rather than 1000 kg slag rate, suggesting that most of available Si combined with Na which inhibited Na translocation to plant tissues and hence its phytotoxicity. Available Fe increased with salinity, but rather increased with steel slag application. Copper, Zn and Ni availability were not affected with either salinity or slag application. In all cases the availability of the tested metals was not higher than the guide values assessing soil contamination by heavy metals. The application of the steel slag at 500 kg fd-1 was found to be more safety from the environmental point of view and agronomic benefits. However, field trails are still needed to confirm the greenhouse results.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52080_93890fb74385bfb00f01805547b7062e.pdf
salinity
steel slag
corn
available nutrients and heavy metals
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
695
705
10.21608/jssae.2013.52082
52082
Original Article
IMPACT OF COMPOSTED RICE STRAW AND UREA FERTILIZER ON YIELD, YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND N UPTAKE OF SAKHA 106 RICE CULTIVAR IN FLOODED RICE SOIL
E. S. Naeem
1
Howida El- Habet
2
S. Gwaely
3
I. A. Hegab
4
Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafer El sheikh
Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafer El sheikh
Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafer El sheikh
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Cairo
Nitrogen requirements of rice crop are met from both soil and fertilizers. Because of acute N deficiency in most rice soils, fertilizer N must be applied to meet the crop demand. A field experiment was carried out at Rice Research and Training center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt during two summer seasons 2011 and 2012 to study the yield and yield component of Sakha 106 rice cultivars as well as nitrogen uptake in rice grains and soil organic matter percentage as affected by integrated use of composted rice straw and urea fertilizers. The treatments derived from the combination of 4 N fertilizer rates (0, 55, 110 and 165 Kg N/ha) and 3 composted rice straw rates (0, 5 and 7 tons composted rice straw/ha).
The obtained results revealed that, panicle weight, number of panicles, and 1000 grain weight and number of filled grains per panicle increased and reached the maximum values when the treatment of 165 Kg N/ha plus 5 tons composted rice straw/ha was applied but the opposite trend was observed with unfilled grains.
From the results under this study, it could be concluded that the application of 165 Kg N/ha plus 5 tons composted rice straw/ha produced the highest grain yield but the application of 165 Kg N/ha plus 7 tons gave the highest straw yields without any significant difference with the treatment of 110 Kg N/ha plus 7 tons composted rice straw for both of rice grain and straw yield.
The obtained data indicated also, that N uptake in rice grain of Sakha 106 was increased when the treatment of 165 Kg N/ha plus 5 tons composted rice straw was applied but N uptake by straw yield increased when the treatments of 165 Kg N/ha plus 7 tons composted rice straw was applied. The percentage of soil organic matter was increased with the addition composted rice straw.
Multiple linear regressions showed that the prediction equation for grain yield was formulated as follows:-
Grain yield = 1.33 + 0.0794 Nitrogen Uptake (2011)
(R2=97.8% and the adj. R2=97.6%)
Grain yield = 1.55 + 0.0798 Nitrogen uptake (2012)
(R2=99.0% and the adj. R2=98.9%)
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52082_e3d9fedd94335fa7a6545038e17bb7b7.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
647
660
10.21608/jssae.2013.52086
52086
Original Article
EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM APPLICATION AS SOIL AND FOLIAR ON WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AT SOIL SALINITY CONDITIONS
R. A. El-Dissoky
1
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.
Two field experiments were conducted at the farm of Tag Al-Ezz Research station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt during successive growing seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 on wheat (variety Sakha 93). The experiments conducted to evaluate the effect of methods and rates of applying NPK fertilizers as soil and foliar (100% soil application of recommended NPK, 50% soil + 0.5% NPK foliar, 50% soil + 1% NPK foliar, 25% soil + 0.5% NPK foliar and 25% soil + 1% NPK foliar) on wheat yield, plant height, 1000-grain weight, protein %, N,P,K and Na uptake and K/Na ratio under two levels of soil salinity EC1 (saline soil) and EC2 (non saline soil). The results showed that values of Plant height, grain and straw yield, 1000-grain weight, protein%, NPK uptake and K/Na ratio were decreased with soil salinity (EC1) compared with its values under non saline soil (EC2), while Na uptake was increased with salinity soil in both seasons. Grain yield was decreased under saline soil by 37.44 % and 39.31%, while straw yield was decreased by 32.84% and 41.53% respectively, in both seasons. Application of NPK fertilizers as soil or soil with foliar significantly increased plant height, grain and straw yield, 1000-grain weight, protein %, NPK uptake and K/Na ratio in both seasons. Application of NPK fertilizers at 50% of the recommended as soil +1%N + 1%P + 1%K foliar (F3) recorded the highest grains yield 1.91 and 2.00 t/fed respectively, in both seasons. In concerning, the effect of interaction between soil salinity (EC1 and EC2) and fertilization treatments significantly increased plant height, grain and straw yields, N-uptake, P-uptake and K-uptake. The highest grain yield was 2.42 t/fed with interaction EC2xF3 in second season. Yield results showed that the superiority of fertilization treatment was for 50% soil application with 1%N + 1%P + 1%K as foliar under salinity conditions or non saline soil. Interaction between salinity and fertilization treatments was affected insignificantly on K/Na ratio in both seasons. The highest means of K/Na ratio in straw were 2.22 and 2.52 with interaction EC2XF2 and EC2XF3 respectively, while the highest means of K/Na ratio in grains were 3.23 and 3.55 with interaction EC2XF3 in both seasons respectively.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52086_cda454b013be53822127b4073bac0ca6.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
677
693
10.21608/jssae.2013.52107
52107
Original Article
EVALUATOIN OF DIFFERENT COMPOST SOURCES TO IMPROVE SOME SOIL PROPERTIES UNDER WHEAT AND MAIZE CROPS ROTATION
N. I. Talha
1
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Egypt.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of nine compost types on soil properties and their positive effect on plant growth during two successive seasons. The organic treatments were nine types; poultry manure, sawdust, farmyard manure, town refuse, sewage sludge , cottons stalks , sawdust activated by organic compost, treated sawdust by NaOH, and treated of cotton stalks by NaOH. The experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Sakha Agric. Res. Station, Kafr EL-sheikh governorate, Egypt. longitude 30o 56- E and latitude 31o 5 N., Wheat, variety (Sakha 94) was planted on November (2011) and followed by maize, variety ( Giza 352) cultivated on May (2012) in the same experimental area. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. 50% of the recommended nitrogen was applied to each treatment.
The obtained results application due to composts could be summarized as follows:
1- Soil organic matter content and ECe values were increased, while pH values showed slight decrease.
2- In the first, season the maximum wheat grain and straw yields (3.09 (Mg/fed and 5.98 Mg/fed., respectively) were obtained when soil was mixed with farmyard manure and sawdust activated by compost combined with urea at rate of 50% of recommended dose. The highest 100 grain weight (4.46gm) was obtained with using composted farmyard manure combined with urea at rate of 50% recommended dose . The corresponding values in the second season under maize crop were 4.21 Mg /fed, 6.63Mg/fed and 32.58 gm for composted sawdust activated by organic compost, sewage sludge compost and farmyard manure combined with urea, respectively.
3- Application of different composted materials were more effective in increasing available N, P and K in soil in the 1st and 2nd seasons.
4- The obtained results indicated a significant increase in NPK content of wheat and maize plants, with composts application.
5- Available and total amounts (mg/kg soil) of Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd were increased with composts application. Data showed that the available heavy metal represented only a small percentage of the total content. This indicates that heavy metals applied to soil were strongly sorbed in non exchangeable form. The availability of these metals due to composts application can be arranged descendingly as follows: Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cd.
6- Application of different composts increased significantly the concentration of heavy metals in grain and straw of wheat and maize plants, these contents were in the order: Fe > Pb > Mn > Cu > Ni > Cd. The results showed that Mn, Ni, Cd and Cu concentrations in the grain and straw of wheat and maize plants (except Cu in wheat straw) being within the normal range. On the other hand Fe and Pb concentration in the grain and straw of wheat and maize plants and Cu in maize straw are being within the critical concentrations range of these elements in plants.
7- Application of different composted improved some soil physical properties such as bulk density and aggregate parameters.
8- Economical evaluation was done by calculating the benefit to cost ratio B/C parameter. The highest profit was obtained when soil was mixed with composted sawdust activated by compost.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52107_71bfbc457508401a1b51714edb8419c0.pdf
Composts
Maize
Wheat
Nutrients
uptake
soil properties
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
2013-08-01
4
8
733
754
10.21608/jssae.2013.52110
52110
Original Article
LAND RESOURCES ASSESSMENT OF WADI EL FARIGH AREA,WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT
C. T. Jamil
1
A. Abdel Hamid
2
W. M. Abdel Kawy
3
A. H. El-Nahry
4
Soils Department Fac. Of Agric. Cairo University
Soils Department Fac. Of Agric. Cairo University
Soils Department Fac. Of Agric. Cairo University
National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences
In this research, wadi El-Farigh area western desert, selected as a case study site, which considers one of the high priority regions for future development agriculture in Egypt. Based on ENVI 5.0 and Arc GIs 10.1 using ETM+ land sat 7 to producing physiographic map for studied area. The mapping units were representative by eight a physiographic units of high decantation basin, low decantation basin, high Aeolian terrace, low Aeolian terrace, high over flow basin, low over flow basin, high sand sheet, low sand sheet. A total of 16 soil profiles representative the physiographic map units, were dug and descripted. The dominate texture is sandy, EC (ds/m) range between (0.46 – 6.8 ) , CaCO3 % content ranged between (1.45–13.6), ESP% range between (5.14– 6) , CEC range between (3.68–5.44meq/100g) depth of soil profile ) range between (45– 135 cm ) organic matter (0.35–0.54 %) available nitrogen range between (11.32 – 40 ppm ) available phosphorus range between (5.6 – 20.2 ppm) available potassium range between (10.9– 49.52 ppm ). Based on the soil taxonomy USDA (2010) the soil of studied area classified as (Typic torripsamments, Lithic Torripsamments, Typic Torriorthents). According to (Require etal1970, FAO 1976, El- Toukhy1995), the land capability classified as the (III, IV, and V). The land suitability according to ASEL (Ismail et al 1994) for [wheat, potato, sunflower, peas, groundnut, green bean ,clover, onion, garlic, sweet melon ,melon, citrus, and apple] classified as (Rel. high suitable(S2) , Marginally suitable(S3) , Not suitable(N1) ).
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52110_784a1edfd9ab2e492f405656a49d7f4d.pdf
Agricultural land suitability. Optimal land use. ASEL-GIS. El-Farigh area