ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Biochar and Charcoal As Amendments and Their Effect on Sandy Soil Fertility and Wheat Productivity تقیم تاثیر کل من الفحم النباتى والفحم الحیوى على خصوبه الارض الرملیة وانتاجیة القمح
Two field experiments were conducted during two consecutive winter seasons. 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 to assess charcoal and biochar on soil fertility and wheat productivity in sandy soils at the Agriculture Station, Ismailia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt. , Each trial was performed in a randomized, complete system fashion with three replicates. Charcoal used for application rates (0, 1 and 2 tons acre -1) was mixed with soil 20 days before planting. Biological fertilization, Rhizobium radiobacter (PGPR), was applied by coating wheat kernels (Triticum aestivum L.) Giza 171. The results indicated that the soil pH value ranged from 7.94 to 7.79 for soils treated with charcoal, while these values were. It was 7.94 to 7.81 for biochar treated soils. Also, ECe values tend to be lower with the application of charcoal, as the available micro and macronutrients have been increased due to the use of both biochar or charcoal. The values of all cultivated characteristics of wheat such as plant height (cm), spike length (cm), spike count, 1000 grain weight (g), and straw and grain yield weight (ton / acre) increased with the increase. The rate of charcoal compared to biochar. The increase in the concentration of macronutrients and micronutrients in the grain and straw of wheat plants may be due to the increased availability of nutrients in the soil as they are affected by charcoal compared to biochar. It can be concluded that charcoal at a rate of 2 tons/acre achieved monster results compared to biochar and increased wheat yield.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_124962_a9bd4b274c773060664865b876e545cc.pdf
2020-10-01
531
539
10.21608/jssae.2020.124962
sandy soil
charcoal- biochar
soil fertility- wheat productivity
Sally
Fouda
1
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute - Researcher in Engineering Institute, Agric. Res. Centre Giza, (Egypt).
AUTHOR
M.
El-Shazely
maelshazly@yahoo.com
2
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute - Researcher in Engineering Institute, Agric. Res. Centre Giza, (Egypt).
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Victor
3
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute - Researcher in Engineering Institute, Agric. Res. Centre Giza, (Egypt).
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of P Mineral Fertilization Combined with Compost and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Wheat Yield and Its Components in Calcareous Soil تأثیر التسمید الفوسفاتی المعدنی والسماد العضوی المصنع والبکتریا المذیبة للفوسفات على محصول القمح ومکوناته فی التربة الجیریة.
The current work aimed to evaluate the effect of P mineral fertilization, compost source and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on wheat yield Triticum aestivum, L. (var. Msr1) and its components in calcareous soil. A pot experiment was conducted inside a greenhouse at the Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2019/2020 winter season. The experiment was laid out in split split plot design with three replications. The main and sub plots were 0, 15 ، 30 kg P fed-1 and 15 m3 fed-1 compost (C1 , C2) respectively. Sub sub-plots were three rates of 0, 1 and 2 L fed-1 PSB. The results indicated that the values of grain yield (GY), straw yield (SY), biological yield (BY), harvest index (HI), crude protein (CP), N,P and K uptakes, agronomical N use efficiency (ANUE), N recovery efficiency (NRE), agronomical K use efficiency (AKUE), K recovery efficiency (KRE), and physiological K use efficiency (Ph.KUE), increased significantly with increasing P fertilizer level as well as with rising (PSB) rate from 0.0 to 2 L fed-1. Compost1 (C1) was superior to compost2 (C2) in relation to its impact on all studied agronomic traits, (CP), N uptake, (ANUE), (NRE), agronomical P use efficiency (APUE), physiological P use efficiency (Ph.PUE), (AKUE) and (Ph.KUE). The best interaction treatment that achieved the highest values of most studied parameters was (30 kg P fed-1+ C1 + 2 L bio-fertilizer fed-1) flowed by (15 kg P fed-1 + C1 + 2 L) without any significant differences.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_124971_1eaeefe4572ef895595fa6ac75fec72b.pdf
2020-10-01
541
549
10.21608/jssae.2020.124971
P mineral fertilizer
compost
phosphate solubilizing bacteria and nutrient use efficiencies
A.
Ewis
ashrafewis@hotmail.com
1
Soil &Water Dept. Fac. of Tec. and Development, Zagazig Univ., Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Development A Burner for Warming Poultry Houses by Used Oil تطویر محرقة لتدفئة عنابر الدواجن باستخدام الزیت المستعمل.
This research was conducted with the aim of developing a burnermodel BGO -30A for warming poultry farms using a mixture of used engine oil (UEO) with each of diesel and gasoline. This is to preserve the environment from pollution to reuse a cheap costly waste with no price for warming poultry farms, which reduces the cost of warming. A modified burner covers an area ranging from 30 to 50 m2, suitable for as using the mixture containing (UEO) and diesel or gasoline. The following factors were studied three levels of mixing ratios between the (UEO) with each of diesel and gasoline [(Ratio of the diesel/ (UEO) (62%/ 38%, 66%/ 34% and 70%/ 30%) (Ratio of gasoline/ (UEO) (40%/ 60%, 45%/ 55% and 50%/ 50%)], three levels of filtering (without filter, one filter, and two filters) and three levels of feeding rate (2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 L/h). The best results of experiment were at mixing ratio of gasoline / (UEO) (50%/ 50%), filtration degree of two filters and feeding rate of 2.5 L/h.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_124977_20316eb0ca530aceaf5ffb256d75e977.pdf
2020-10-01
551
560
10.21608/jssae.2020.124977
heating
used engine oil
Combustion efficiency
M.
Refaay
dr.mansourr@yahoo.com
1
Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Developing A Machine Suitable for Alfalfa Mowing in Small Farms تطویر الة تناسب حش البرسیم فى المزارع الصغیرة.
This study was carried out to investigate a horizontal mowing knife machine (HMKM) for mowing alfalfa in small fielding's and consequently reducing mowing costs. Speed ratio of 0.86, 0.94 and 0.98; working width of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 m and mower knife height of 4, 6 and 8 cmwere studied. Mower efficiency, field capacity, fuel consumption, consumed energy and economic costs were computed. The main results showed that increasing speed ratio and working width result in increasing mower efficiency, field capacity, fuel consumption, economic cost but consumed energy decreased. Increasing mower knife height leads to increase mower efficiency while decreasing fuel consumption, consumed energy and economic cost. The maximum values of mower efficiency was 96.9%, field capacity of 0.66 fed/h, fuel consumption of 2.3 lit/h, machine consumed energy of 17.768 kW.h/fed, and the economic cost decreased by 54.7% at speed ratio of 0.86, working width of 0.6 m and mower knife height of 4 cm comparing to manually sickling conditions.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_124984_fe426dd923d528a48ac5a6c239fa514f.pdf
2020-10-01
561
567
10.21608/jssae.2020.124984
mowers
consumed energy
field capacity and economic cost
M.
Refaay
dr.mansourr@yahoo.com
1
Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Obaia
2
Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of some Engineering Factors on The Fish Silage Making تأثیر بعض العوامل الهندسیة على تصنیع سیلاج الأسماک
The study aims to effect of engineering factors, types of fish waste and types of acid on fish minced to make acid silage met the criteria of low cost and low technology process. The results of experiment (1) showed that, the best treatment for making fish silage was the treatment (conical cutter knife, die of 3 mm diameter and mixing between tilapia fingerlings and catfish), because it gave the highest soluble solids content (14g/100g minced fish), as well as obtaining silage with a high degree of smoothness, which helps the speed of action of the enzymes liquefaction silage. The results of experiment (2) also showed that, the best results when using mineral acid to acidify the silage mixture was obtained with sulfuric acid. These acids produce higher soluble solid content (10.2 g/100g minced fish) and there is little loss of total solid about (1.52 %). The best results when using organic acid was obtained with acetic acid. These acids produce higher soluble solid content (12.3 g/100g minced fish) and there is little loss of total solid about (7.82 %). The best results when using mineral-organic acid combination was produced using sulfuric-acetic acid combination and produced the highest soluble solids content (17g/ 100g minced fish) and loss of total solids about (5 %). The studies indicate that, in general, a good acid silage should be made by adding 3.5 % combination between sulfuric acid and acetic acid until the pH of 4 keeping the mixture at 33 °C for 30 days.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126759_a5df7b172a9df6551e31f49157b61704.pdf
2020-10-01
569
574
10.21608/jssae.2020.126759
Acid fish silage
mincing machine
Fish waste
Nile Tilapia fingerlings
catfish
A. R.
Obaia
abdoobaia@gmail.com
1
Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Refaay
2
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), A.R.C, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Optimum Cropping Systems and Identify Soil Limiting Factors for Improvement of Agriculture Management by Spatial Modeling تقییم النظم المثلى لزراعة المحاصیل وتحدید العوامل المحددة بالتربة لتحسین الإدارة الزراعیة من خلال النمذجة المکانیة
Rice is the main source of calories and protein for about half of world population and also considers one of the most vital bases of employment and income for people in villages. This research presents a case study around Manzala lake, Egypt to model and produce high accuracy maps of land suitability for rice. The proposed model was used to assessment land suitability under the current situation (CS) and optimal scenario (OS). The results under CS showed that about 26% of total area is fall within the moderately suitable class and marginally suitable class (74%) class. Managing options relied on the CS assessment were projected to reduce some soil restriction factors, a fixed values were 2 dS/m for salinity, 7.8 for pH and 4 % for CaCO3.Under OS scenario showed very good results, as all of study area covered by moderately suitable compared with 26% of study area under CS. The results showed the significance of appropriate management to achieve outstand change in soil suitability and reach to agriculture sustainability.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_124997_d52f0129f5ed0d9d4c64be9662774d5d.pdf
2020-10-01
575
584
10.21608/jssae.2020.124997
Land suitability
Proposed Model
rice crop. optimal scenario
Mohamed
Shokr
mohamed_shokr@agr.tanta.edu.eg
1
Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta university, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of Irrigation Water Source on Microirrigation Systems Performance and Productivity of Leaf Vegetable Crops تأثیر مصدر ماء الری على آداء نظم الری الدقیق وانتاجیة محاصیل الخضر الورقیة
Two field experiments were carried out during summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 in Horticulture farm, Faculty of Agricultural, Kafr El-Sheikh University, North of the Nile Delta, Egypt, having a clay textured soil to evaluate the effect of drainage of fish ponds on microirrigation systems performance and summer cabbage production. Study variables were; two microirrigation systems (drip system "D" and microsprinkler system "MS"), two sources for irrigation (traditional water “TW” and drainage of fish ponds “DF”) and three nitrogen doses (100% N, 70% N and 40% N). For traditional water “TW” (100% N) only was applied. The results referred to that, “DF” increased the reduction in emitter flow rate at end of growing season comparing with “TW”. The lowest reduction was achieved by (TW+ 100% N) as 6.1 and 3.0 % for “D” and “MS” systems respectively. The highest uniformity coefficient (CU) at end of growing season achieved by (TW+ 100% N) as 87 and 84 % for “D” and “MS” systems respectively. “D” system achieved the highest head yield while “MS” system achieved the highest head diameter. The highest head yield was achieved by (DF + 100% N) as 110 and 87.4 ton/fed. for “D” and “MS” respectively. The highest values of water productivity were obtained by (DF + 100% N) as 49.7 and 44.7 kg/m3 for “D” and “MS” respectively. The highest values of nitrogen productivity were obtained by (DF + 40% N) as 1170.8 and 1045.8 kgyeild/kgN for “D” and “MS” respectively.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_125010_3f94e0950f07ff01b10c5f59473c7493.pdf
2020-10-01
585
591
10.21608/jssae.2020.125010
fish pond water
Microirrigation Systems
cabbage productivity
water productivity
T.
Attafy
tarek.attafy@yahoo.com
1
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.
Eid
2
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of Onion Plants Productivity and Quality to Tow Organic Polymers under Sustainable Mineral Fertilizers Management إستجابة إنتاجیة و جودة نباتات البصل لإثنین من البولیمرات العضویة تحت ظروف الإدارة المستدامة للتسمید المعدنى
Two field experiments were carried out during the winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 at a private farm (Tanboul El-Kobra), Al-Senbilawin, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of soil drench of tow organic polymers (Humic acids as K- humate (HAs) and Falvic acids as K-fulvate (VAs) alone or incorporated together under different rates of N, P and K fertilization on onion plants growth, yield, and its components and quality of bulbs (Allium cepa L.) cv. Giza Red. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three replicates. Results indicated that 100% NPK treatment followed by 75% then 50% significantly increased all determined traits under the study contentions. Soil application of HAs and VAs was superior for on vegetative growth parameters, bulbs productivity, chemical constituents, and quality compared to the control (without applications). Under 75% NPK, in combination, the duel application of HAs and VAs showed a significant augmentation in all studied parameters compared to the control under 50, 75 .and 100% of the recommended mineral fertilization. Therefore, the application of HAs and VAs by soil drench in combination treatment with 75% NPK is important for improving plant quality and reducing environmental pollution due to partial replacement of mineral fertilizer with HAs and VAs.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_125019_84cbf611377c696328234e1904fd3fc2.pdf
2020-10-01
593
600
10.21608/jssae.2020.125019
K-humate
K-fulvate
Onion
nutrient uptake
Vegetative growth
Hayam
El –Shaboury
hayamelshaboury@yahoo.com
1
Soils, Water and Environ. Res., Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Magda
Ewais
2
Soils, Water and Environ. Res., Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR