Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
2
2009
02
01
PROPER DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A MACHINE FOR SEPARATING SEED PEA PODS
1419
1430
EN
I.
F.
Sayed-Ahmed
Agric. Eng. Res., Inst., (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
R.
B.
Gomaa
Food Technology Res., Inst., El-Giza, Egypt.
W.Z.
El-Haddad
Agric. Eng. Res., Inst., (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
R.R.
Abu-Shieshaa
Agric. Eng. Res., Inst., (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90270
Continuation for unbinding of separating and cleaning seed pea problem and completion spread our investigations in 2008 at 15 Annual Conference of the Miser Society of Agricultural Engineering. The obtained results in this work had been activated and we have done the final design and fabricated in a Workshop in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to produce the first specialized machine for separating and cleaning seed pea. Cylinder design with special specifications was used to reduce the exposure of pea seed to impact during the torsion motion. The design used traditional separating theory that helped in seed separation and accelerating the discharge of empty pods and skin from separating chamber to prevent covering and blockage of the concave sieve. After that the mixture of separating fall on oscillating sieve to separate the seed from pods skin. The machine was tested and evaluated under four drum speeds of 8.83, 10.60, 12.36 and 14.13 m/s (375, 450, 525 and 600 r.p.m), three feed rates 6.0, 9.0, 12.0 kg/min, three oscillating shaker speed of 150, 225 and 300 r.p.m (15.7, 23.55 and 31.4 rad/s) and three sieve slope angles of 15, 20, 25 moisture content of 76 % for pods. Machine productivity, separating efficiency, cleaning efficiency, seed losses, seed damage and specific energy had been determined.
The results show that, specialized was suitable for separating seed peas with low drum speed 450 r.p.m (10.60 m/s) and 6.0 kg/min feed rate with oscillating shaker 225 r.p.m and sieve slop angle 20. Machine productivity, separating efficiency, cleaning efficiency, seed losses, seed damage and specific energy were 3.40 kg/min, 94.16%, 96.00%, 4.68 %, 1.46% and 11.446 kW.h/ton, respectively.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90270.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90270_508caa1f7fcbfe394dacd98adcd0da38.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
2
2009
02
01
INFLUENCE OF HARVESTING METHODS ON GINNING OPERATION AND FIBER QUALITIES FOR EGYPTIAN COTTON
1431
1447
EN
E.
M.
Khalifa
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Kafrelsheikh Univ.
R.
M.
Kholief
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
M.A
Eltawil
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Kafrelsheikh Univ.
M.A.
Neamtallah
Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Kafrelsheikh Univ.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90272
The present study was devoted to investigate the effect of mechanical and manual harvest for Egyptian cotton variety (Giza 86) on ginning process and fiber qualities. Mechanical harvesting was undertaken by using picker harvest John deere 9970. Cleaning operation was carried out at RiceMechanizationCenter by using cleaning machine. Whereas, ginning process was conducted at cotton Ginning Research Division, Kafr El-Sheikh province during 2006-2007. Ginning prototype machine was used to study the effect of ginning knife speed, feed rate and fiber moisture content on ginning performance (ginning capacity, ginning outturn, ginning efficiency, ginning energy and fiber qualities).
The best performance for the gin stand machine were obtained at rotational speed of 600 r.p.m (9.41 m/s) feed rate of 6 kg/h and fiber moisture content of 5.7% where it gave the following results: a) ginning capacity of 16.93 kg/h.m. b) ginning outturn of 44.95%. c) ginning efficiency of 99.33%, and d) ginning energy consumption of about 195.6 w.h.
Whereas the best fiber qualities were obtained at rotational speed of 600 r.p.m, feed rate 12 kg/h and fiber moisture content of about 10.32% and the following indicators were obtained: a) Fiber uniformity of 49.9%. b) fiber elongation of 4%. c) fiber strength of 30.2 g/tex, and d) color reflectance of 72.9%.
To overcome the labour shortage and the higher wages during harvesting period mechanical harvesting followed by cleaning was recommended which other wise improves some fiber qualities.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90272.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90272_e886bb246ff8f481e2a451d27174383f.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
2
2009
02
01
APPLICATION OF LANGMUIR AND FREUNDLICH EQUATIONS TO PREDICT Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb ADSORPTION SELECTMTY IN CALCAREOUS AND BASAL TIC SOILS تطبيق معادلتى لانجمير وفرندليش للتنبؤ باختيارية (باصطفائية) إدمصاص الزنک والکادميوم والنحاس والرصاص فى الترب الکلسية والبازلتية0
1461
1477
EN
M. S.
El-Amir
Agric. Eng. Dept. Suez Canal Univ.
A.
Agib
Dept. of Soil and Water Sciences, College of Agric., Tishreen Univ., Syria
F.
Jarkass
Dept. of Soil and Water Sciences, College of Agric., Tishreen Univ., Syria
10.21608/jssae.2009.90273
يعد الادمصاص إحدى الظواهر الرئيسية المسؤولة عن ربط العناصر المعدنية فى التربة وإعادة اقتسامها بين أطوارها المختلفة، والتأثير فى حرکتها و"تنقليتها" فى النظام البيئى، وکذلک التأثير فى قابليتها للامتصاص من قبل النبات0 قارنت هذه الدراسة بين الزنک والکادميوم والنحاس والرصاص من حيث شراهيتها لتربة کلسية وأخرى بازلتية تطبيقاً لمعادلتى فرندليش ولانجمير0 دلت القرائن على امتياز نموذج لانجمير من حيث کفايته فى رصد الظاهرة المسجلة، وأظهرت بعض التباين بين هذا النموذج ونموذج فرندليش فيما يتعلق بالسلاسل الاختيارية (الاصطفائية) التى أفضى إليها کل منهما0 أشارت السلاسل الناتجة بوضوح، وبصرف النظر عن النموذج المطبق والتربة والتى قامت بالادمصاص، إلى تقدم النحاس والرصاص بالفتهما على الکادميوم والزنک، ودلت على السلوک المتبدل لکل من الرصاص والنحاس فى الثنائية Pb – Cu، والسلوک المتبدل للزنک والکادميوم فى الثنائية Zn – Cd0 وفى موازاة ذلک دل تطبيق نموذج لانجمير على أن التربة البازلتية کانت الأکثر شراهية تجاه الزنک والکادميوم والرصاص والأقل شراهية تجاه النحاس0 وأما نموذج فرندليش فقد دل على شراهية أکبر للتربة البازلتية فيما يخص الزنک والنحاس والکادميوم وشراهية أقل للرصاص0 لقد ظهر النموذجان متوافقين فى قراءة المعطيات التجريبية تارة، ومتباينين فى ذلک تارة أخرى، الأمر الذى يرتبط بالنيتين الرياضيتين المختلفتين للنموذجين والمجال الترکيزى الذى قيس فيه الادمصاص، ذلک أنه هو الذى يحدد شکل منحنى الادمصاص ومساره
عناصر معدنية,تربة,إدمصاص,ترسيب,شراهية,اختيارية,لانجمير,فرندليش
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90273.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90273_07173bdd66cdf059bc1a9e02ac68b7d5.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
2
2009
02
01
UTILIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THRESHED MATERIALS UPON THRESHER SIEVES FOR REDUCING GRAIN SORGHUM LOSSES
1479
1494
EN
R. M.
Kholief
Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
R. R.
Abu-Shieshaa
Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
S. A.
Marey
Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90274
The objectives of the present study were to construct and evaluate an automatic control system to be used for minimizing grain sorghum loss in straw. Experiments were conducted at Sakha Agriculture Research Station during the summer season of 2005 using grain sorghum (hybrid 102). Experiments were carried out using locally manufactured threshing machine. A gate was used to control the time of staying the threshed materials upon cleaning sieves. The effect of cylinder speed, holding time and feed rate on threshing performance (total seed damage, total seed losses, cleaning efficiency and specific energy) were measured.
The construction and use of the automatic control system behind the cleaning sieves reduces grain losses in straw of about 78,80% compared with control treatment at cylinder speed of 26.18 m/s, feed rate of 5 kg/min and holding time 60 sec.
In the same manner the highest value of cleaning efficiency was 96.35% at the holding time of 20 sec, cylinder speed 17.42 m/s and feed rate of 5 kg/min for the modified threshing machine. However, the lowest value of specific energy was 10.21 kW.h/Mg at cylinder speed 17.42 m/s, feed rate of 10 kg/min and holding time of 60 sse.
The optimum operating conditions were holding time of 40 sec, cylinder speed of 23.61 m/s and feed rate of 7.5 kg/min for its good performance.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90274.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90274_7918159de010f0c2e9886f3c5ff9f016.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
2
2009
02
01
EFFECT OF COMPOST, (AM) MYCORRHIZAE AND N2-FIXING BACTERIA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT
1495
1512
EN
M. M.
Abd El-Monium
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
O. N M.
Massoud
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90275
A field experiment was carried out in sandy soil at El-Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, El-Ismailia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center (ARC) to study the effect of treating the soil with different types of compost (plant residues with organic manure and plant residues with cellulose decomposers), (AM)-mycorrhizae and N<sub>2</sub>-fixing bacteria on the growth and yield of wheat plants. Plant dry weight recorded a significant increase when the soil was treated with compost provided with cellulose decomposers and biofertilizers. The highest number of tillers obtained with compost B amended with organic manure and biofertilizers.
The maximum infection percentage was due to compost A provided with organic manure. The optimum nitrogenase enzyme activity obtained when the soil was treated with compost B plus cellulose decomposers and biofertilization. High significant nitrogen percentage was shown when the soil was amended with compost D + organic manure + biofertilizers. inoculation with N<sub>2</sub>-fixers + (AM) mycorrhizae led to the increase of phosphorus % and this was clearly obtained with compost "B" plus cellulose decomposers. inoculation with mixed diazotrophs + (AM)-mycorrhizae increased potassium % and this was obtained with compost D plus organic manure at the period of 45 days from sowing.
Results showed significant increases in yield parameters, i.e., 1000-grain weight, grain yield and straw yield. The addition of compost B amended with organic manure + N<sub>2</sub>-fixers + (AM) mycorrhizal gave the superior yield. Generally, it was remarkable that the essential role of organic matter represented in compost, N<sub>2</sub>-fixers and (AM) mycorrhizae in enhancing the growth and yield of wheat.
Wheat,Azospirillum lipoferum,Azotobacter chrococcoum,Bacillus polymyxa,Klebsiellapnumoniae,AM-mycorrhizae
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90275.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90275_f50aec987a40093b1b41b7da823cd634.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
2
2009
02
01
EVALUATION OF THE JAPANESE RICE COMBINE HARVESTERS USED AFTER RECOMMENDED SALVAGE LIFE
1513
1525
EN
K. A. A.
Khadr
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., Agric.Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
M. K.
El-Bakhshwan
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., Agric.Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
H. M.
Aboul-nour
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., Agric.Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90277
This study aims to evaluate the anticipated performance and costs of Yanmar, C-385EG and Kubota, R2-48 rice combine harvesters, when used after their recommended salvage life (the first five operating years). The study includes the operating conditions throughout the second five years of combine's life (T<sub>1</sub>, T<sub>2</sub>, T<sub>3</sub>, T<sub>4</sub>, T<sub>5</sub>, and the average T<sub>a</sub>) compared with the average values of the first five operating years (T<sub>0</sub>). The obtained results indicated that the total harvested area, actual field capacity, field efficiency, revenues and total costs decreased in average by 45.3, 37.6, 37.5, 45.9 and 58.3% respectively, for Yanmar combine and by 36.8, 24.3, 24.1, 28.2, and 56.7% respectively, for Kubota combine. While the operating costs and net gain increased with the average of 25.2 and 18.5% for Yanmar combine and 23.1 and 30.4% for Kubota combine. The Kubota combine gave the higher values of harvested area, actual field capacity, field efficiency, revenues, operating costs, net gain, and lower value of total costs as compared with the Yanmar combine. The statistical analysis revealed no significant effect of T<sub>1</sub>, T<sub>2</sub>, T<sub>3</sub>, T<sub>4</sub>, and T<sub>5</sub> on the harvested area, actual field capacity, field efficiency, revenues, operating costs and net gain, while there is a low effect of the same treatments on the total costs with Kubota combine. On the other hand, there is a high significant effect of the treatments on harvested area, actual field capacity, and field efficiency and simple effect on the total costs while there is no significant effect on the revenues, operating costs and net gain of Yanmar combine.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90277.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90277_30c0ae43bcf5d685364766e99196ebe5.pdf