Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF COMPOST LEACHATE UNDER MESOPHILIC AND THERMOPHILIC CONDITIONS
3985
3997
EN
M. A.
Abdel-Hadi
Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
S. A. M.
Abd El-Azeem
Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
I. H.
El-Sheikh
Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90825
The objective of the present study was to examine the feasibility of biological treating of compost leachate in anaerobic digester. The experimental work was also carried out to evaluate the biodegradable potential of compost leachate at thermophilic and mesophilic conditions. The laboratory bench-scale biogas horizontal digester was used for batch anaerobic digestion system of 312 hours hydraulic retention time (HRT). The obtained results showed that there was an influence of digestion temperature, pH value and production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) on biogas and methane production. The methane yield was 8.3 L kg<sup>-1</sup> volatile solids (VS) and 373 L kg<sup>-1</sup> VS under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively. Under mesophilic conditions, the amounts of biogas and methane were very small as compared with thermophilic conditions. Under mesophilic treatment, the highest amount of biogas production was reached to 16.7 L after 48 h and decreased to 1.3 L after 144 h from hydraulic retention time. The same trend was similarly observed in methane production but the highest amount of methane production (1.3 L) was achieved after 96 h (HRT). On the other hand, the biogas production continuously increased during the anaerobic digestion in thermophilic conditions. The maximum biogas and methane yield were 41.5 L and 30.4 L, respectively, after 192 h (HRT). Effluent from mesophilic digester mainly contained acetic acid and propionic acid more than n-butyric acid. In contrast, acetic and propionic acids were found in little concentration under thermophilic digestion. The levels of volatile fatty acids and pH value can be used as an indicator of methane yield and methanogenic activity. It could be concluded from this study that there was a possibility of anaerobic digestion of compost leachate to produce biogas and methane. The biogas and methane production were positively correlated with the anaerobic digestion temperature. Therefore, the temperature of anaerobic digester is very necessity for optimization of anaerobic digestion process.
Compost leachate,batch anaerobic,Biogas,methane content,mesophilic,Thermophilic,volatile fatty acids
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90825.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90825_4115784b7ff0bc522eb8027e2859d98b.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
STAPLIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENTS ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS VOLTAGE COUPLED WITH SOLAR CELLS ARRAY IN SPITE OF CHANGING THE INTENSITY OF SOLAR RADIATION
3999
4010
EN
S. S.
Eskander
Electric Power Eng. Dept., Fac. of Eng. Mansoura Univ
H. M.
Noor
Energy and Power Dept., Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC. Dokki, Giza
10.21608/jssae.2009.90826
In this paper, photovoltaic system (PVS) contains solar cells array, lead acid battery and a load is constructed. The lead acid battery is represented by the agricultural tractor battery. The PVS load is the agricultural tractor electrical circuits . These circuits are the lighting circuits , injunction pump and accessories such as laser system used for land leveling.
The main objective of the research is the evaluation of the electrical performance of each element of the PVS. The system is constructed and operated during five sun shin periods.
During these periods the evaluation of the performance for each PVS, elements is accomplished. The research shows that the solar calls array is a nonlinear element. Hence, its performance ( I,V ) is a nonlinear. This means that its output voltage is not constant on the load. Consequently, the flocculation of the tractor electrical circuit operation will be occurred. The research shows that, the tractor lead acid battery may solve the last problem. The electrical performance of the tractor lead acid battery during the sun shine periods is determined. Two levels of battery voltage (6V,12V) are selected for the evaluation . The selected level represent that the laser tractor batteries are such that, two 6 volt series batteries each 80 Ahr or 12 volt 155 Ahr one battery . The research shows that the tractor battery plays a good role for staplizing the voltage of the tractor electrical circuits . This leads to good improvements for the tractor system operation and for reserving the battery charging at predetermined levels. The last improvements prevent the voltage flocculation on the tractor circuits and the accessories connected to the battery. This leads to good performance of the laser system connected to the tractor electrical system.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90826.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90826_5671a6f76f39b1f41398d6661d99af51.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
MATHIMATICAL MODEL FOR SUBUNIT DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN
4011
4029
EN
A.E.
Guirguis
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute. Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
A.
El-Shafei
Agricultural Engineering department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University.
Kh.A.
Allam
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute. Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90827
A deterministic model was developed to design the subunit drip irrigation system Different pipe diameters and lengths of lateral and telescopic manifold pipe with uniform slopes were studied. The model estimated lateral and emitter discharges and pressure head distribution along a lateral and manifold starting from the downstream as well as uniformity calculation. The friction head loss between successive emitters, laterals and manifold were estimated using the Darcy-Weisbach formula. The change of the velocity head, the changes of momentum along the lateral and manifold and the loss due to emitter connection were also considered. The model for designing manifold was run successfully for supplying water to one-side and two-side laterals. Field studies were undertaken to test the validity of the computer solutions. Emission flow and pressure distributions were measured and compared quite well with those predicted from the computer model. The model has been verified under different lateral lengths, diameters and slopes, different emitter types (exponents) and barb size diameters and their interactions. The results indicated that, the average deviation percentage for 140 emitter discharges along lateral No.1, 30 and 60 (first- middle- far), were 1.24, 1.65 and 8.3%, respectively. The average deviation percentage for discharge variation, pressure head variation and uniformity coefficient for 60 laterals along manifold were 1.8, 2.1 and 2.6%, respectively. Generally, uniformity coefficient (U<sub>C</sub>) increased with increasing lateral length until certain length then U<sub>C</sub> remarkably decreased. The trend of U<sub>C</sub> with lateral length has neglected difference between flat and uphill lateral up to 5% slope. While U<sub>C</sub> improved remarkable for downhill slope with different lateral diameters. U<sub>C</sub> tends to decrease with increasing emitter exponent and U<sub>C</sub> remarkably decreased from 0.96 to 84% with changing slope from 5% downhill to 5% uphill, respectively for laminar emitter. Decreasing rates of U<sub>C</sub> with increasing emitter exponent were 3.5, 9.2 and 15.7% when slope changed from -5, zero and 5%, respectively. U<sub>C</sub> decreased with increasing barb size diameters as increasing lateral length. U<sub>C</sub> remarkably improved with increasing lateral diameters.
Drip irrigation,design,model,subunit,hydraulic
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90827.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90827_a1c5f2ad379e1f99e5c8a9f4dd36cde3.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE CHISEL PLOW AND THE SUBSOILER ON SANDY SOILS AND THEIR EFFECT ON BARLEY PRODUCTION
4031
4042
EN
H. A. S.
Al-Hashem
Department of Agricultural Systems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University
10.21608/jssae.2009.90829
أجريت هذه الدراسة في أحد حقول محطة التدريب والأبحاث الزراعية والبيطرية بجامعة الملک فيصل بالأحساء خلال الموسمين الزراعيين (2004/2005 و 2005/2006) على حقل شبه بور ذي قوام رملي يحتوى على نسبة عالية من کربونات الکالسيوم بهدف مقارنة وتقييم استخدام کلا من المحراث الحفار والمحراث تحت التربة وأثر ذلک على تفکيک التربة وإنتاجية محصول الشعير. اشتملت الدراسة على قياسات صفات التربة وهي کثافة التربة الظاهرية ، المسامية، نسبة الفراغات عند أعماق (10، 20، 30سم) ومقاومة اختراق التربة، وأخرى لصفات النبات الخضرية وإنتاجية المحصول ( طول النبات، عدد تفرعات النبات، عدد السنابل لکل نبات، طول السنبلة، عدد الأوراق لکل نبات، الوزن الکلي للمحصول، وزن القش و وزن للحبوب<strong>). </strong>أظهرت النتائج أن المحراث تحت التربة في الموسم الأول أبدى أفضل قيم معنوية لکثافة التربة و نسبة الفراغات ومقاومة اختراق التربة، فقد بلغ متوسط الکثافة الظاهرية خلال العمق نحو 1.39جم/سم<sup>3</sup> مقارنة مع 1.48 جم/سم<sup>3</sup> للمحراث الحفار 1.7 جم/سم<sup>3</sup> للشاهد. متوسط نسبة الفراغات مع المحراث تحت التربة کانت نحو 0.86 ومع المحراث الحفار کانت نحو 0.75 والشاهد 0.54. مقاومة اختراق التربة باستخدام المحراث تحت التربة کانت أقل بکثير من نظيرتها مع المحراث الأخر خاصة في الطبقة السطحية (10سم). أعلى إنتاجية للحبوب وجدت مع المحراث تحت التربة حيث بلغت نحو 2.37 طن/هکتار مقارنة مع المحراث الحفار نحو 1.86 طن/هکتار و الشاهد نحو1.52 طن/هکتار. أظهرت النتائج أن هناک تحول في الموسم الثاني في بعض صفات التربة وإنتاجية المحصول. فقد تبين أنه لا يوجد فرق معنوي بين أداء المحراثين لمعاملتين على خواص التربة الثلاث الأولى عند الأعماق المذکورة وکلا المحراثين أدى إلى خفض قيمة مقاومة اختراق التربة خلال العمق مع وجود تقارب کبير بين تأثير کلا منهما على هذه الصفة حتى عمق 30 سم. بالرغم من ذلک فإن المحراث الحفار أعطى أعلى إنتاجية للحبوب في الموسم الثاني فقد بلغ الوزن الکلي للحبوب نحو 4.81 طن/هکتار مقارنة مع 4.04 طن/هکتار و2.06 طن/هکتار لمعاملة المحراث تحت التربة والشاهد على الترتيب. تشير النتائج الحالية إلى على عدم صلاحية استخدام المحراث تحت التربة في تهيئة التربة لأعوام متتالية في مثل هذه الترب فقد يستخدم بشکل فعال في أول موسم للاستزراع ولکن يوصى باستخدام المحراث الحفار في الموسم الذي يليه تحت ظروف التربة في منطقة الدراسة.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90829.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90829_f1635368348e5d34210c2fb37502230c.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON POTATO CROP
4043
4050
EN
A. M.
El-Ghamry
Soil Dept., Faculty Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
R. A.
El-Dissoky
Soil Improvement Preservation and Dept., Soil Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
A. M.
AbdEl-Hameed
Plant Nutrition Dept., Soil Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90831
A field experiment was conducted on alluvial soil at Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt during the growing season of 2007/2008 to study the effect of organic-N as rice straw compost (three levels 0, 6 and 12 t fed<sup>-1</sup>), inorganic-N as ammonium nitrate (three rates 60, 120 and 180 kg N fed<sup>-1</sup>) and their interaction on potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em>, L) cultivar Spunta. Organic-N and mineral-N application significantly increased leaves No./plant, plant height and leaf area. While, the interaction effect between organic and mineral N was insignificantly on leaves No./plant and plant height and significantly on leaf area. Fresh tuber yield and dry shoot yield significantly increased with compost and mineral-N application and their interaction. The highest value of fresh tuber yield was 19, 28 t fed<sup>-1</sup> with interaction of 180 kg N + 12 t fed<sup>-1</sup> compost. Dry matter % in tubers was significantly affected by mineral-N, compost application and their interaction after 70, 90 and 110 days from planting. Protein percent and specific gravity were significantly affected with mineral-N fertilization, but insignificantly affected by compost application. N, P and K % in shoots and tubers dry matter were increased with mineral nitrogen and compost addition and their interaction as compared with control at different periods.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90831.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90831_ce7cc7928252e5f7ba63fb338214b9b2.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
QUANTIFICATION OF MECHANICAL LOSSES ON OILSEED RAPE HARVESTING
4051
4063
EN
R. M.
Kholief
Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
I.F.
Sayed-Ahmed
Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
W.Z.
El-Haddad
Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), El-Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90833
The objectives of the present study are to evaluate and to select the most proper header for harvesting rape-seed crop. Field experiments were conducted at SakhaAgriculturalRes.Center, Kafr El-Sheikh Govermorate during the winter season of 2005 using rape-seed crop (Darakar). Experiments were carried out by using two different types of reel namely: (tine and bat reels) to determine the effect of reel speed index, seed moisture content and drum speed on combine performance (header, drum, shoe, rake losses & total losses, and total seed damage), field capacity, machine productivity, energy requirement, operating and criterion function costs were estimated.
The minimum values of energy requirements reached 325.17 and 343.27 MJ/fed at drum speed of 15.36 m/s, seed moisture content of 12.63% and reel speed index of 1.57 for tine and bat reels, respectively.
On the other hand, the criterion function cost showed that tine reel recorded the lowest values compared with bat reel under all conditions. The minimum values of criterion function cost was 573.20 L.E./ton which obtained at reel speed index of 1.57 and combine forward speed of 3.54 km/h.
The results showed that tine reel was strongly recommended for its good performance. However, it gives the lowest values of header loss, total losses, energy requirements and criterion function cost. The optimum operating conditions are at reel speed index of 1.57, drum speed of 19.20 m/s and seed moisture content of about 15.27%.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90833.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90833_707e38ce300784cf570ee10263bcc2c1.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
RESPONSE OF GROWTH AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF RADISH AND PARSLEY PLANTS TO DIFFERENT N-FORMS, N-LEVELS AND SOME MICRONUTIENTS.
4065
4079
EN
Fawzia A. A.
Ebed
Botany and Microbiology Dept. Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar Univ.
G. A.
Baddour
Soil. Water and Environ. Res. Inst.; Agric. Res. Center. Giza. Cairo.
Zeinab A.
Khidr
Botany and Microbiology Dept. Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar Univ.
Nora F. G. E.
Salem
Soil. Water and Environ. Res. Inst.; Agric. Res. Center. Giza. Cairo.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90835
A pot experiment was carried out in the season of 2006 under the green house of El-Mansoura Laboratory for Plant Nutrition, Soil, Water and Environment Institute to study the effect of different N forms (ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea) and doses (30, 45 & 60 kg N/fed) as well as the effect of foliar application of Fe, Mo & Mn on growth and mineral composition of radish and parsley plants.
The results revealed that using ammonium nitrate as a source of N fertilizer recorded the highest value of plant height followed by ammonium sulphate and urea. The height of radish and parsley plants was significantly increased as the level of nitrogen fertilizer increased. The fresh and dry weights were significantly increased up to 60 kg N level. Foliar application of Fe, Mn and Mo as solely or in mixture significantly increased the values of fresh and dry weights compared to the control. Increasing the level of N fertilizer from 0 to 60 kg N/fed high significantly increased the concentration of N and K, while P concentration was insignificantly affected. Concentration of N or K was significantly increased due to micronutrients application, while P was insignificantly affected. Micronutrients (Fe, Mo and Mn) were gradually and significantly increased as the level of N fertilizer was increased up to 45 kg level of N fertilization.
N-forms,N-levels,Micronutrients,radish plants,parsley plants
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90835.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90835_ed07990724944b30fe36679a25072713.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF NITROGEN FIXERS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON WHEAT IN SANDY SOIL
4099
4111
EN
M. M.
Abd El-Monium
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
Iman M.
Sadek
Field Crop. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90836
Two field experiments were conducted in sandy soil at El-Bustan region, El Behera Governorate during two winter successive seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to evaluate the effect of five nitrogen fertilizer levels (71.5, 143, 214, 286, and 357 kg/ha) represented (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommended dose) and some isolates of nitrogen fixing bacteria (<em>Azospirillum </em>sp,,<em> Azotobacter </em>sp,<em> Bacillus </em>sp.and <em>Klebsiella</em>sp.) on growth and yield of six bread wheat lines. Results showed that the interaction between genotypes and nitrogen levels was significantly positive for wheat yield and its components, while the harvest index was not significant. However, the highest grain yield was obtained from the biofertilized lines numbers 15, 11 and 21 at 214 kg N/ha, lines number 8 and 21 at 286 Kg N/ha and lines 8 and 15 receiving 143 Kg N/ha. Moreover, they surpassed the grain yield of the control treatment (286 kg N/ha) by 0.80, 0.87, 0.55, 0.72, 0.59, 0.52 and 0.30 ton/ha (14, 16, 10, 13, 11, 10 and 5%) respectively. In addition, these seven combinations exceeded the commercial cultivar Sids 1 under control treatment by 1.46, 1.23, 1.04, 1.16, 1.08, 0.96 and 0.95 ton/ha (29, 24, 21, 23, 21 19 and 19%), respectively. Results also, indicated that lines: 8 and 15 expressed high stability level in grain yield due to both tested seasons. They also, outyielded the commercial check Sids 1, under biofertilization with no more than 143 kg N/ha, saving 50% of the mineral nitrogen recommended dose. Such lines should save money and environmental health. Therefore, both lines are highly recommended for yield tests in the advanced yield trails, which are conducted all over the country.
Wheat,Nitrogen fixers,Azospirillum sp,Azotobacter sp,Bacillus sp,Klebsiellasp,sandy soil
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90836.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90836_9dd51fac82707e7a5c2b68e233c7cd8f.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
IMPACT OF ZINC FOLIAR APPLICATION ON LENTIL PLANT (Lens culimaries, Medic) GROWN ON SANDY SOIL
4113
4120
EN
F. A. F.
Zahran
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
E. A. M.
Osman
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90837
Two field experiments were carried out at El-Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, El-Ismailia Governorate during the two winter growing seasons, 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 to study the effect of sprayed zinc as chelate form at rates of control, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g/Liter on yield components, yield and chemical composition of lentil plant (<em>Lens culinaris</em>, Medic.) grown on sandy soil.
Results can be summarized as follows:
Generally, foliar application of zinc achieved significant increases of lentil yield and its components, as compared with control treatment received no zinc in both growing seasons.
Spraying zinc at rates of 1.0 & 2.0 g/liter led to significant increases in most parameters of yield and its components, compared to the other treatments in both seasons. Meanwhile, zinc at the rate of 3.0 g/liter gave significant decreases in the most parameters.
In first season, in most cases, zinc foliar application at the rates of 1.0 and 2.0 g/liter increased significantly macro and micro nutrient contents in seed lentil plants, compared to the other treatments. Meanwhile, the control treatment and zinc application at the rate of rate of 3.0 g/liter decreased significantly such nutrients. On the other hand, foliar application at the rates of 1.0 and 2.0 g/liter increased significantly N & protein percentages. While, zinc addition did not significantly affect P& K percentages, as well as Fe, Zn and Mn concentrations in the second season.
Lentil plants (Lens culimaries,Medic),Zink fertilizer,foliar application,zinc rates
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90837.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90837_c227e9628d7776f54231c4f5b4693022.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
EFFECT OF BIO- AND MINERAL PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF CANOLA PLANT (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) GROWN IN A NEWLY RECLAIMED SOIL
4121
4129
EN
E. A. M.
Osman
Soils, water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center) ARC), Giza, Egypt
K. A.
Khatab
Soils, water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center) ARC), Giza, Egypt
U. S.
El-Bialy
Soils, water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center) ARC), Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90838
Two field experiments were carried out in two successive winter seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 to study the effect of bio-and mineral phosphorus fertilization on the yield and nutritional value of canola plant grown in calcareous soil at El -Areish Agricultural Research station,) ARC) North Sinai Governorate. The main results were as the following:
superphosphate and rock phosphate achieved a similar and insignificant effect on most measured yield characteristics, seed yield, N, P, K, oil, protein contents and oil yield in both growth seasons.
Inoculation with either mycorrhiza or <em>Bacillus megatherium </em>alone or <em>Bacillus megatherium</em> + mycorrhiza were significantly resulted in actions on most canola tested parameters compared to the treatment of without inoculation. However, seed yield and P percentage did not respond significantly toward the inoculation with the investigated biofertilizers in first season.
Generally the highest values obtained. for most characteristics of canola plants under investigation were achieved when the plants received rather rock phosphate or superphosphate mineral fertilizers together with mycorrhiza and/or <em>Bacillus megatherium</em> + mycorrhiza. While, there were insignificant differences due to their interaction on No. of branches / plant, seed yield and P percentage as well as canola plant height both in the first and second seasons.
Canola plant (Brassica napus,L.),Bacillus megatherium,mycorrhiz,Rock Phosphate,superphosphate and new reclaimed soil
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90838.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90838_f40561533baa090da9c9743b86bf7374.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
COMBINED IMPACT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHITIC CONDITIONRS ON EL-ARISH SANDY SOIL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCTIVITY
4131
4139
EN
A. A. M.
Mohamedin
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
A. H.
Abdel-Rahman
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90839
Completely randomized field experiments were conducted at El-Arish Agricultural Research Station, North Sinai, during the winter season of 2005/2006 and the summer one of 2006. The effect of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) combined with local bentonite in the ratio of 1:20 (w/w), was studied on soil chemical and hydro-physical characteristics and some morphological growth parameters as well as the yield production of faba bean (<em>Vicia faba </em>L.) and corn (Zea maiza) grown under drip irrigation system and natural drainage conditions. Soil conditioner was applied in the rate of 0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 ton/fed.
Obtained results reveal that soil chemical properties, i.e., EC, pH, soluble cations and anions as well as SAR values are directly affected by increasing conditioner application rate. Modification in soil textural class from sandy to sandy loam was existed with the increase in clay content. Bulk density, macro-pores and saturated hydraulic conductivity values were markedly decreased, while the values of total porosity, water holding capacity, field capacity and available moisture were progressively increased. The greatest improvement in these soil characteristics is pronounced under the highest rate of conditioner doses. Moreover, growth parameters of the two crops as well as their seed yields were beneficially increased with increasing the rate of applied conditioner. This reveals to the highly magnitude of combining synthesized and natural conditioners in a proper amount to improve El-Arish sandy soils properties and enhancing their productivity.
sandy soil,Bentonite,Synthetic soil conditioners,Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs),Chemical and hydro-physical properties,productivity
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90839.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90839_17f5c116361d2bae926748627d196414.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
EFFECT OF SOME TRANSPLANTING METHODS ON DAMSIS (Ambrosia Maritima L.) CROP PRODUCTIVITY
4169
4179
EN
M.M.
Abd El-Galil
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt
H.A.
El-Gendy
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt
G.G.
Radwan
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2009.90840
The aim of this research is to determine the suitable method for transplanting Damsis. The experiments were performed the objective of EL-Gemmiza Research Station, EL-Gharbiea Governorate, in 2008 season. Damsis was transplanted by New-Holand and Lännen Roulette transplanters at different forward speeds (0.9, 1.3, 1.8 and 2.3 km/h) additional manual transplanting. From the obtained results can be concluded that Damsis transplanting by Lännen Roulette transplanter at forward speed of 1.8 km/h is the suitable method for transplanting Damsis to obtain the optimum seedling uniformity space per unit area (25.6 ´ 30.5 cm), missed 5.0 % and floated 4.7 % seedling, field capacity and efficiency were 0.46 fed/h and 85.6 % respectively, yields 17.9 and 0.27 ton/fed. of green plant and seed respectively, energy consumed 2315 MJ/fed. and cost about 8.4 LE/ton.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90840.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90840_85b4731748c314d104e9ed8e8d8e1cf8.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
SUGAR BEET CROP PRODUCTION UNDER IRRIGATION PERFORATED TUBES SYSTEM
4181
4199
EN
M.M.
Abd El-Galil
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt.
S.S.
Hassan
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt.
M.A.
Mattar
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt.
Nahed K.
Ismail
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90841
Two field experiments on clay soil were conducted at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, during two successive seasons in 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons for the monogerm variety sugar beet planting. The research devoted to carried out to design and locally manufactured perforated tubes system its calibration. Then Field experimental work to study the effective irrigation perforated tubes system with LASER land leveling technique at 0.1% slope (T1) and irrigation conventional method with traditional land leveling at 0.0 % slope (T2) under different cases of ridges (double furrows) lengths on the sugar beet production (yield and yield component) and its irrigation water relations [water application efficiency (WAE), water distribution efficiency (WDE) and water use efficiency (WUE)] under prevailing condition in Egyptian old valley due to: the first, saving of irrigation water is considered a strategically target of Egypt; the second, soil moisture is a major factor limiting sugar beet production and also, sugar beet plants consumes less water than sugar cane. The effects of applying such methods on advance and recession time and total water applied for sugar beet were considered. The obtained results showed that there were slightly deviation between outlets flow measured along the perforated tubes system designed and its recommended per each furrow. The uniformity distribution of flow through outlets along the perforated tubes system was about 92.8 %. The research recommended that using irrigation perforated tubes system with LASER land leveling technique at 0.1% slope and the ridge (double furrows) length of 75 m gives a highest values of sugar beet production, root volume, sugar and root yield. Also, a highest values of WAE, WDE and WUE and saving about 46.3% of water application than conventional irrigation methods with traditional land leveling at 0.0% slope under three treatments of ridges (double furrows) lengths.
Perforated tubes,Land leveling,surface irrigation,water advance time,recession time,infiltration opportunity time,Sugar beet,yield,Efficiency
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90841.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90841_2ab079864b3ceb300bbf8d97b3bc1d20.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
LABORATORY STUDY ON HYACINTH CONTROL BY THERMAL TRETMENTS
4201
4211
EN
E. H.
El-Hanfy
Inst. For Efficient Productivity, Zagazig Univ. Egypt.
R. G.
Salim
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), ARC, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90842
The water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) is native to South America, but has spread throughout the tropics. In some parts of the world it is a serious pest especially in Egypt. The plant has two or three shiny green squarish leaves, each with an air-filled bladder at the base, to which are attached roots. The bladder keeps the plant afloat. It grows at a prodigious rate, well able to clog lakes and waterways rapidly and leaves quickly covers the water surface. There for it's to be necessary of mechanical, chemical or any other means controls to allow for the extermination of water hyacinth but very few chemical compounds yielded promising results most of the chemical were rejected because of their ineffectiveness or obvious toxicity. The mechanical control is ineffective and very expensive because the vigorously vegetative sexually by budding and stolen production. There fore, the present work were carried out to control the water hyacinth from waterways in Egypt by thermal control. A laboratory studies were conducted to limit the optimum factors to put a design of controlling device for further work. A quick means of evaluating the pattern controlling of hyacinth was provided. The effect of some factors, such as the average of bladder diameter (25; 30; and 35mm); resting time (four levels with intercept of one minute) and oven temperatures (200, 230,260 and 290<sup>0</sup>C) on controlling pattern,was investigated. The attained results indicated that the use of oven temperature (290<sup>o</sup>) and resting time of 4 minutes at average bladder diameter of 25 mm gave the best controlling performance.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90842.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90842_810429034a81c17bbf2edd82269862be.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
34
4
2009
04
01
SOME NITROGEN FERTILIZER SOURCES AND SPLITTING EFFECT IN THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF ORGANIC MANURE ON COTTON YIELD AND AVAILABLE SOIL NITROGEN
4213
4222
EN
Asmaa A.
El-Basuony
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2009.90843
two field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station during 2007 and 2008 summer seasons to study the effect of splitting some nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea) in two or three doses with or without organic manure on cotton yield (<em>Gossypium barabadense</em>, varity Giza 86), soil available nitrogen and NO<sub>3</sub>-N.
<strong>The results can be summarized as follows:-</strong>
Cotton yield was scientificantly higher with organic manure by 23% and 22% in the first and second seasons, respectively.
Ammonium nitrate application with organic manure resulted in higher cotton yield than urea. While the opposite results were obtained in the absence of organic manure.
The fertilizer splitting into two doses had significant increase in cotton yield regardless the type of N- source.
The highest cotton yield (10.25 kentar/ fed. ) was obtained by application of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in two doses and with organic manure
Available nitrogen was increased by 53.4% with organic manure application. Significant increase was noticed in soil available nitrogen with application of ammonium nitrate than urea fertilizer. The calculated relative increase was 20.7%. the two doses application of n- fertilizer gave high significant increase of available nitrogen than the three doses application (12.6%).
With application of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, available nitrogen was increased gradually by going deeper to reach 80 cm, these calculated increases were 27.5, 29.7 and 39.5 % of that at the top layer after 45, 60, and 75 days from sowing. While with application of urea fertilizer, available nitrogen was decreased gradually with deeper layer. The calculated relative decreases at deeper layer (40-80) were 18.3, 21.6 and 21.2% of that at top layer (0- 20 cm) after 45, 60 and 75 days from sowing.
Amounts of NO<sub>3</sub>- N were always higher in the presence than in absence of organic manure. the calculated relative increase was 56.7%.
Application of ammonium nitrate or urea fertilizer led to nitrate accumulation at deeper soil layer, but application of ammonium nitrate caused a marked high nitrate accumulation compared to urea (63.1%).
Application of nitrogen fertilizer in two doses was found to increase NO<sub>3</sub>-N in the soil profile by 13.3% than that of the three doses.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90843.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_90843_a7d00d32a37a50854a615c1e1ef517df.pdf