Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
POULTRY MANURE AND HUMIC ACID FOLIAR APPLICATIONS IMPACT ON CARAWAY PLANTS GROWN ON A CLAY LOAM.
1
10
EN
M.
Awad
Dept. of Soil Sci., Fac. of Agric., Azhar Univ. Assuite, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2016.39337
A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Uni., Assiut, Egypt during two successive winter seasons of 2013/14 and 2014/15 to study the effect of poultry manure application (PM) and foliar application of humic acid (HA) on caraway plants growth and its yield constituents as well as some soil properties. Split plot design with three replicates was used. Four levels of PM (0, 10, 20 and 30 m<sup>3</sup>/fed) that were side banded in one dose before sowing and the recommended dose (RD) of NPK fertilizers were assigned to the main plots. Four humic acid levels ( 0, 1, 2 and 3 ml/L ) as foliar application were allocated to the sub- plots.
The results indicated that poultry manure, humic acid and recommended NPK dose treatments significantly increased vegetative traits (plant height, number of branches, and dry weight) of Caraway plants compared to untreated ones and could be arranged due to these increases in the order of poultry manure > recommended dose > humic acid. The highest values of vegetative traits, fruit and volatile oil yields in both season were recorded at highest level of both PM and HA (PM3HA3) followed by the recommended NPK dose with the highest level of HA (RDHA3) and then at the highest level of PM with the medium level of HA (PM3HA2). Moreover, poultry manure application, foliar application of humic acid and the recommended NPK dose significantly increased N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Cu contents of Caraway plants. Increasing the applied level of poultry manure or humic acid showed a positive effect on the soil organic matter content. The soil salinity (EC) were positively affected with using these studied materials since the EC of the soil increased with all treatments. On the other hand, the application of poultry manure or humic acid had a negative effect on the soil pH.
poultry manure,foliar application,Humic acid,Caraway plants,Soil properties Macro-micronutrients
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39337.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39337_78847b2e16209e80618b6b86ea4c8d9a.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
EFFECT OF INORGANIC NITROGEN SOURCES WITH FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ZN AND B ON WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVATED IN ALLUVIAL SOIL
11
20
EN
A.
El-Ghamry
Soils Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
E.
El-Naggar
Agric. Res., Egyptian Fertilizer Development Center, Delta Fertilizer Company
A.
Aasy
Soils Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2016.39318
Feeding millions of poor people depend on wheat for both diet and livelihood, two field experiments were carried out at Abo-Zaher, Sherbin, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt during the two successive winter seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 under alluvial soil conditions. Different sources of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers at recommended dose including urea (U), ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium sulfate (AS) and calcium nitrate (CN) were applied to soil with foliar application of zinc (Zn) and/or boron (B). Several parameters of yield and yield components were recorded including vegetative growth, grain yield, total N, P and K content in grain and straw, total Zn and B content in grain and straw as well as quality parameters in grain and straw of wheat plant. The experiments were conducted in split plot design which consisted of the main plot (inorganic sources of nitrogen including U, AN, AS and CN as well as control) and sub plots (four treatments of micronutrient compounds including control, Zn, B, and Zn + B). The results revealed that Zn and/or B as foliar application of wheat plant under different sources of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers cause highly significant increases in all studied parameters of wheat grain and straw yields. Most of these parameters gave the highest values treated with ammonium sulfate as a soil application followed by urea. Foliar application of Zn or B as an individual effect caused high significantly increases for all studied parameters of wheat grain and straw in compared with the control (untreated). Combine foliar application of zinc + boron gave the highest values of all studied parameters of wheat grain and straw followed by individual Zn foliar application. Foliar application of Zn +B in addition to ammonium sulfate or urea results recorded the uppermost all studied parameters of wheat grain and straw. Therefore, it could be recommended that, under these experimental conditions, foliar application of both Zn and B in addition to ammonium sulfate followed by urea as soil application at recommended dose for wheat recorded the uppermost of vegetative growth (plant height and tillering height), yield components (weight of 100 grain and grain yield), N, P and K content in grain and straw, Zn and B content in grain and straw, chlorophyll a, b, protein content in grain and straw of wheat plant.
urea,ammonium nitrate,Ammonium sulfate,Calcium Nitrate (CN),zinc,Boron,Wheat,Soil addition,foliar application,Alluvial soil
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39318.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39318_83379c7d8b03cb578ae483b4bc0d37ee.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
TOWARDS EFFECTIVE IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT FOR COTTON CROP UNDER DIFFERENT CULTIVATION METHODS IN THE NORTH MIDDLE NILE DELTA REGION.
21
34
EN
E.
Moursi
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
W.
Yehia
Cotton Research Institute. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2016.39333
A field investigation was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station (31<sup>0</sup> 07ˉ N Latitude and 30<sup>0</sup> 57ˉ E longitude) with an elevation of about 6 metres above mean sea level, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during the two successive summer growing seasons 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effect of cultivation methods and irrigation treatments (irrigation scheduling treatments) on seed cotton yield, some yield attributes, seed oil percentage and some water relations in the North Middle Nile Delta region. A split plot design with four replicates was used in this present investigation, where, the main treatments were randomly assigned by cultivation methods (A), where A<sub>1</sub> (cultivation on normal furrows with width, 60 cm., normal cultivation) and A<sub>2</sub> (cultivation on wide furrows with width, 120 cm., and cultivation process performed on two sides (raised-beds), while sub-main treatments were also randomly assigned by irrigation treatments (irrigation scheduling treatments), I<sub>0</sub> (traditional irrigation, like to practise by local farmers in the studied area), I<sub>1</sub> (irrigation with 1.4 Ep), I<sub>2</sub> (irrigation with 1.2 Ep) I<sub>3</sub> (irrigation with 1.0 Ep) and I<sub>4</sub> (irrigation with 0.8 Ep).
v <strong>The main results can be summarized as follows:-</strong>
The highest seasonal values for applied water, consumptive use and stored water in the effective root zone were recorded under cultivation method (A<sub>1</sub>) in comparison with cultivation method (A<sub>2</sub>) and the overall mean values through the two growing seasons are 3847.05 and 3636.48 m<sup>3</sup>/ fed. For seasonal applied water, 2629.18 and 2442.74 m<sup>3</sup>/ fed. for consumptive use and 2743.93 and 2612.73 m<sup>3</sup>/ fed. for stored water in the effective root zone under cultivation methods (A<sub>1</sub>) and (A<sub>2</sub>), respectively. Regarding, the effect of irrigation treatments (irrigation scheduling treatments), the highest mean values for the abovementioned three studied parameters were recorded under irrigation treatment (I<sub>0</sub>) in the two growing seasons comparing with other irrigation treatments I<sub>1</sub>, I<sub>2</sub>, I<sub>3</sub> and I<sub>4</sub>. The highest overall mean values through the two growing seasons are 4309.37 and 4122.46 m<sup>3</sup>/ fed. for seasonal applied water, 2917.74 and 2760.81 m<sup>3</sup>/ fed. for consumptive use and 3125.44 and 2900.24 m<sup>3</sup>/ fed. for stored water in the effective root zone under cultivation method (A<sub>1</sub>) and (A<sub>2</sub>), respectively. Generally, the overall mean values for the abovementioned three studied parameters can be descended in the order according to the effect of irrigation treatments as follows I<sub>0</sub> > I<sub>1</sub> > I<sub>2</sub> > I<sub>3</sub> > I<sub>4</sub> .
Concerning the effect of cultivation methods and irrigation treatments on the studied irrigation efficiencies. The highest overall mean values through the two growing seasons were recorded under cultivation method (A<sub>2</sub>) comparing with cultivation method (A<sub>1</sub>) and the values are 72.10 and 71.43% for water application efficiency, 0.60 and 0.52 kg/ m<sup>3</sup> for water productivity and 0.41 and 0.35 kg/ m<sup>3</sup> for productivity of irrigation water under cultivation method (A<sub>2</sub>) and (A<sub>1</sub>), respectively. Meanwhile, for consumptive use efficiency, the highest overall mean values were recoded under cultivation method (A<sub>1</sub>) in comparison with (A<sub>2</sub>) and the values are 68.51 and 67.35% for (A<sub>1</sub>) and (A<sub>2</sub>), respectively. Regarding, the effect of irrigation treatments under the two cultivation methods on the abovementioned studied efficiencies. The highest mean values for water application efficiency and consumptive use efficiency were recorded under irrigation treatment I<sub>4</sub> and the values are 74.04 and 76.37% for water application efficiency and 71.76 and 70.11% for consumptive use efficiency under (A<sub>1</sub>) and (A<sub>2</sub>), respectively. On the other hand, the other irrigation efficiencies water productivity (WP) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW), the highest mean values were recorded under irrigation treatment (I<sub>3</sub>) and the values are 0.66 and 0.78 kg/ m<sup>3</sup> for (WP) and 0.45 and 0.52 kg/ m<sup>3</sup> for PIW under A<sub>1</sub> and A<sub>2</sub>, respectively.
Concerning, the effect of cultivation methods and irrigation treatments on seed cotton yield, some yield attributes such as plant height (cm.), ball weight (g), number of green balls/ plant and cotton seed oil percentage were recorded under cultivation method (A<sub>2</sub>) and irrigation treatment (I<sub>3</sub>).
Cultivation methods – irrigation scheduling – cotton yield
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39333.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39333_280c0ea874a53aebfe1b8bf10119a403.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
MAIZE TOLERANCE TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF BORON AND SALINITY IN IRRIGATION WATER.
35
44
EN
M.
El-Agrodi
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
G.
EL-Shebiny
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
A.
Mosa
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
M.
El-sherpiny
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2016.39308
Plants are likely to be affected by simultaneous boron (B) toxicity and salinity. Stresses on plants due to exposure to soils with high levels of naturally occurring salinity and boron, or due to irrigation with water containing high levels of salts and B can be done. For this reason, a greenhouse study was conducted at Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University in two different soils ( alluvial and sandy soil) during two successive summer seasons 2013 and 2014 to determine the interactive effects of salinity and varying concentrations of boron on growth, yield and ion relations of maize (Zea mays L.var.s.c.10). The experimental design was split plot with 3 replicates. Boron and salinity were applied with irrigation water. Boron levels were 0, 1, 2 and 3 mg L-1, while salinity levels were 0.4, 2.4, 4.4, 6.4, and 8.4 dSm−1. The average values of fresh and dry weight of shoot and root yield of maize (g/pot) as well as plant height (cm) during both seasons of 2013 and 2014 increased with increasing of B levels from 0 to 1ppm under S1 treatment (0.4 dSm−1), and then significantly decreased with any increasing in boron element under all different levels of irrigation water salinity for both soils under study. On the other hand, the average values of B concentration in maize plant for both seasons significantly decreased as salinity of irrigation water increase with constant of B level but it was significantly increase with increasing of B level and constant level of salinity in irrigation water. For example, the boron concentration in shoot were 28.75, 23.0, 19.1, 13.7 and 7.8 mg/kg ,respectively using irrigation water having EC 0.4,2.4,4.4,6.4 and 8.4 dSm-1,respectively and constant B concentration of 2 ppm, while the boron concentration of maize shoot were 0.9,15.65,23.0and 26.4mg/kg, respectively at using irrigation water having EC 2.4 dSm-1 and B concentration were zero,1,2 and 3 ppm , respectively . Also, the average values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride and calcium contents in maize were evaluated under the effect of different levels of boron and salinity in irrigation water at the same time.
Alluvial soil,sandy soil,salinity,Boron,Maize,tolerance
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39308.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39308_305a98284a8f5071d463f1004265f5ef.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HUMIC ACID AND COMPOST EXTRACT APPLICATION ON LETTUCE AND ONION GROWN UNDER SALINITY STRESS
45
52
EN
Kh.
El-Hamdi
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
A.
Mosa
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
B.
Sasi
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
libiajoozef@yahoo.com
10.21608/jssae.2016.39312
The low productivity of saline water irrigation is the main factor limiting the expansion of their use in agriculture. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted outdoor at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University aiming to evaluate the protective effect of humic acid and compost extract (water, EDTA or KOH) application on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.) grown under salinity stress in a sandy soil. Saline water irrigation at concentration of 2.1dS m-1 for lettuce and 1.8 dS m-1 for onion was compared with freshwater irrigation as the control treatment. Results showed that saline water irrigation led to a significant reduction in yield characteristics and NPK concentrations in lettuce and onion as compared with the control treatment. The ameliorative effect of humic acid application led to maximize the investigated parameters as compared with the un-amended treatment. Compost extracts had a protective effect against salinity stress with superiority to EDTA-extracted compost. The combined application of humic acid with EDTA-extracted compost was the optimum treatment for reducing the harmful effect associated with irrigation with saline water resources. Finding from this study suggested that the complementary approach for salinity stress management should be focused on phyllosphere beside rhizosphere.
salinity stress,Humic acid,compost extracts,lettuce,Onion
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39312.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39312_a13ed2919e2f5cbe21193537c2033865.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) AS INFLUENCED BY INTEGRATED MINERAL AND ORGANIC NITROGEN FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS
53
63
EN
Lamyaa
Abd El-Rahman
Soils, Water and Environ. Res., Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Dalia
Sayed
Soils, Water and Environ. Res., Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Magda
Ewais
Soils, Water and Environ. Res., Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2016.39302
Two field experiments were conducted during the two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014 at El- Gemmeiza Research Station (30º 47׳ 22.5״ N, 31° 07׳ 34״ E, elev. 10 m), Agriculture Research Center, El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of integrated fertilization of N- mineral and organic fertilizer combined with bio fertilizer (including the genera <em>Azotobacter and Azospirillium</em>) on sunflower (c.v. Sakha 53) seed yield and quality. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The experimental treatments comprised partial substitution of the recommended mineral N (MNRec.) rate (30kgN/fed.) with organic N fertilizer (ONF) as compost combined with bio fertilizer. Results revealed that application of T<sub>4</sub> (50%MNRec. +25% ONF +Bio) significantly improved yield, as well as yield attributes and protein and oil yields as compared to 100%ONF(T<sub>8</sub>) or 100%MN(T<sub>1</sub>) only .The integrated MN with ONF(25-50%ONF)always gave higher values than those obtained with full N rate as mineral or organic only. However, maximum seed oil percentage was recorded, when crop was fertilized by T<sub>6</sub> (100%ONF+Bio) followed by T<sub>5</sub> (25%MNRec. +75% ONF) while maximum seed oil yield was recorded by T<sub>2</sub> (50% MN Rec. +50% ONF) followed by T<sub>4</sub> (50%MN Rec. +25% ONF +Bio). According to the results of this experiment, unsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic and oleic acids raised in response to the integrated fertilization system while the saturated fatty acid (palmitic and stearic acid) were reduced. High percentages of oleic acids (50.17%) and linoleic acid (45.29%) were observed in T<sub>4</sub> and T<sub>9</sub>. So, bio- organic fertilizer could be considered as a suitable substitute (25-50%) for mineral nitrogen fertilizer in agricultural systems.
Fatty acid composition,Sunflower seeds,Mineral nitrogen,Bio-fertilizer,Organic fertilizer,Oil yield
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39302.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39302_0c50ec2be4495429cef733cf2346f638.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DRAIN DEPTHS ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE AND WHEAT UNDER NEWLY RECLAIMED SALINE SOIL.
65
76
EN
A.
Zedan
Agric. Eng. Dep., Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University
Rania
Helal
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2016.39326
Two field experiments were conducted on a the clay saline sodic soil in El-Rowad Village Farm in Sahl El-Hossinia, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during summer 2014 and winter season 2014/2015 to study the effect of two different drains type (open drain and covered drain system) with different depths of 50, 70 and 90 cm from surface soil on some soil chemical properties , maize , wheat productivity and water use efficiency (WUE) under sodic saline soil condition to select the best drain system with the best drain depth.
Results showed that using open and covered drains decreased soil pH and EC of soil with drain depth (50 and 70 cm from surface soil) more than drain depth 90 cm. In addition, the effect of applying open drain system with drain depth of 50 and 70 cm show that positive increase in available N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn in saline sodic clay soil compared with depth 90 cm under open drain system.
Concerning the weight of straw yield, grain yield (Mg/fed) and weight of 1000 grain (g) for both maize and wheat were significant increase with open drain for 50 cm depth more than 70 and 90 cm depth.
Finally, the using of open drain system with lowest depth treatment produced maximum yield and WUE value with cultivation both maize and wheat crops.
The using of open drain system with 50 cm depth lead to improve the soil chemical properties of clay saline sodic soil and increase the yield productivity and water use efficiency (WUE) of maize and wheat crops.
saline sodic soils,drain system,drain depth,maize and Wheat productivity,water use efficiency (WUE)
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39326.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39326_6b6f1df560e8133d7753fcb829ca80c2.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TWO DIFFERENT HAMMER MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN COBS
77
87
EN
M.
Basiouny
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.
A.
El-Yamani
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jssae.2016.39322
The grinding operations of corn cobs using two different local manufactured hammer mills namely: Aamagro (mill A), and El-Gohary (mill E) were evaluated and compared to be used as an ingredient in feedstuffs for animal and poultry farms. The field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt during the year of 2015. These experiments were deduced to evaluate and compare the performance of the investigated hammer mills under the effects of three feeding rate levels (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6ton/h), four rotor speed levels (1200, 1500, 1800 and 2100rpm), and two screen hole diameter levels (9 and 14mm) using corn cobs. The performances of both machines were evaluated in terms of: fineness degree (particle size distribution), machine productivity, power requirements, specific energy consumption, and machinery unit cost.
The results revealed that, the optimum operating conditions for both A and E mills were obtained at rotor speed of 2100rpm, cobs feed rate of 0.2 ton/h and 9mm screen hole diameter. Whereas, under these conditions the maximum percentages of fine milled cobs (1.7-≤1.18mm) of were 63.71 and 53.16% for A and E mills, respectively. Also, mill productivity of 0.185 and 0.146ton/h, power requirements of 2.245 and 3.076kW and specific energy consumption of 12.134 and 21.065kW.h/ton were determined under the optimal operating conditions for A and E mills, respectively. Moreover, the estimated machinery unit cost for mill E was about 1.124 times that of mill A.
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39322.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39322_646f0098dfd9741d8a65666f7cf08d52.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3766
7
1
2016
01
01
RAISING PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET USING OF SEED INOCULATION AND FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILIENSE AND BACILLUS MEGATHERIUM.
89
96
EN
Sahar
Rashed
Soil, Water and Environment Res.Inst.,Agric.Res. Center,Giza,Egypt
Ranya
Abdel Aziz
Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Sahar
Moustafa
Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Shahrzad
Neana
Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jssae.2016.39329
Two field experiments were conducted in 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 seasons in Nubaria , Alexandria Governorate to study the effect of seed inoculation and foliar application with<em> Azospirillum </em>and/or <em>Bacillus</em> on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet fertilized with N (90 kg N/fed) and P (30 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/fed.). The experiments included 10 treatments with three replicates arranged in a randomized complete block design. Application of both biofertilizers either alone or in combination led to a significant improvement in most sugar beet traits as compared with control (untreated with biofertilizers).
Meantime, the response differed according to the kind of biofertilizers. The highest stimulatory effects were exerted in plants treated with the mixture of Azospirillum and Bacillus than either of them alone.
This treatment significantly improved growth parameters (root length, root diameter and root fresh weight), root quality (Total Soluble Solids % and sucrose %), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents and increased tops, roots and sugar yields in both seasons.
Azospirillum was more effective than Bacillus on growth parameters, root nitrogen and potassium %, tops, roots and sugar yield. But Bacillus was more effective on sucrose % and P% only.
Seed inoculation along with foliar application was the best method on most traits under study.
The interactions between biofertilizers and their methods of application led to significant increases in root diameter in the two seasons, root fresh weight, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the first season, tops yield in the two seasons and root yield in the second season. Therefore, using seed inoculation along with foliar application of the mixture of Azospirillum and Bacillus was the best interaction treatment, which gave the best results and is recommended for beet cultivation in order to minimize soil and water pollution adverse effects.
The interaction between both studied factors had a significant effect on all studied characters in the two growing seasons.
Generally, since sugar beet showed in previous studies response to addition reaching go to 90 kg N/fed and attains reaching 30 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/fed, the use of the two biofertilizers under study might have had complemented the N and P requirements where only 90 kg N/fed and 30 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> /fed were added.
Sugar beet,seed inoculation,foliar application,azospirillum barasiliense,Bacillus megatherium
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39329.html
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_39329_911d6d921817568163ee11a010601e1d.pdf