2024-03-28T22:28:48Z
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11364
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF IRRIGATION WATER ON LEVEL OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL IN AL- HASSA OASIS, SAUDI ARABIA
Y.
Al-Dakheel
The present study is conducted to investigate the effect of irrigation water quality on heavy metals content in soil of Al- Hassa Oasis. The investigated irrigation water included groundwater (GW), mixture of groundwater and drainage water (GW+DW), mixture of groundwater and tertiary treated wastewater (GW+TTWW) and mixture of groundwater, drainage water and tertiary treated wastewater (GW+DW+TTWW). The results of this study indicate that the water types used in the present study may cause one problem or another according to the water type. By applying the criteria used for interpreting water quality for irrigation, the most domain problems are salinity hazard, potential salinity and soluble sodium percentage. Therefore, it is expected that continuous irrigation without good water management (leaching requirements) can led to severe problems from the salinity point of view. (GW+DW +TTWW) have the highest effect on elemental composition of soil followed by (GW+TTWW), (GW+DW) and then (GW). Generally, a significant difference in the heavy metals concentrations for both treated soil was found. The contents of the heavy metals in soil samples are compared with the worldwide standards. Based on these comparisons some recommendations are raised.
Al Hassa Oasis
water quality
Heavy metals
water resources
Environmental hazards
2010
10
01
973
983
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75488_e4c9e3179bfb0eb803979dacc11f5a03.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
ROLE OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES, SEAWEEDS AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN IMPROVEMENT OF CUCUMBER PRODUCTION
E.
El-Hadidi
A.
Taha
M.
Soliman
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of humic and fulvic acids as well as seaweeds in combination with different rates of mineral fertilizers (NPK) on production of cucumber plants. Humic and fulvic acids were added at two rates i.e. 16 and 12 L fed-1, while dry seaweed was added at rates of 3 and 2 kg fed-1. Untreated control was included. Mineral fertilizers (NPK) were added at 100%, 75% and 50% of the recommended rates required for cucumber plants. Different combinations between organic additives and mineral fertilizers were undertaken. Data show that sole application of organic acids and mineral fertilizers has an effective role on enhancement of cucumber fruits. Since there was a little bit significant difference between the different mineral fertilizers doses we can recommend, from the economical view point, the use of medium dose (75%) in combination with any of the used organic additives as an appropriate treatment that gave remarkable yield of cucumber fruits. N uptake by fruits was enhanced by either individual or combined treatments. This phenomenon was pronounced at high rate of mineral fertilizers and organic additives. Application of mineral fertilizers at rate of 75% in combination with each of the organic additives could be selected, from the economical view, as the most appropriate treatment that induced higher P uptake by cucumber fruits. Sole application of humic acid or seaweeds resulted in highly significant increase in K uptake by cucumber fruits as compared to the untreated treatment. This was more pronounced at high rate of organic addition. Combination between each of the organic substances and medium rate of mineral fertilizers could be selected as suitable strategy for potassium nutrition of cucumber. In addition, this strategy is economically profitable for farmers.
Cucumber fertilization
Fulvic acid
Humic acid
Mineral fertilizers
Seaweeds
2010
10
01
985
997
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75484_4fa8459e9fa2060b5dd68d5dfcfa8264.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
EARTHWORM (Aporrectodea longa) EFFECTS ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPACTED CLAY AND LOOSE SANDY SOILS
A.
Mashhour
T.
Al-Akraa
An experiment was conducted at the farm of Agricultural Faculty, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt to evaluate the effect of earthworm Aporrectodea longa (the black-headed worm) individuals application on improving some physical properties of compacted clay soil (losing of compaction and improved the movement of water and air) and loose sandy soil (stabilization of aggregates and increase of moisture retention).
The results showed that the addition of earthworm (Aporrectodea longa) individuals had a marked effect for improving soil physical properties of both soils under investigation (compacted clay and loose sandy soils). Where it seen that the compaction of clay soil was reduced, which appear which the soil bulk density values was decreased and subsequently, total porosity was increased. On this concern, the hydraulic conductivity was increased, indicating a marked improvement of the pore size distribution. The results showed that aggregate size distribution and mean weight diameter affected by addition of earthworm (Aporrectodea longa) individuals, where the percentage of macro-aggregates increased and the micro-aggregates decreased. According to this the results indicated that mean weight diameter values increased compared to the control treatment of both soils. The same trend was observed either soil bulk density or total porosity of the loose sandy soil. This is contrast in case of both pore size distribution and hydraulic conductivity. Where the hydraulic conductivity was decrease by application of earthworm (Aporrectodea longa) treatments.
earthworm
aggregate stability
pore size distribution
2010
10
01
999
1004
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75490_9a0fbe3c64f7ccb164917d8aa2244ff1.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
EFFECT OF PRECESSION LAND LEVELING ON WHEAT YIELD USING DEVELOP SURFACE IRRIGATION
S.
El-Khatib
S.
El-Kady
The current study was carried out at Gehena, Sohag Governorate during 2009-2010 seasons in clay soil, to study the effect of soil surface slope by laser (traditional, 0.0, 0.03 and 0.05 %) under irrigation gated pipe system on the wheat yield and irrigation efficiency. Wheat grains (Giza 168) was planted in 27/11/2009 and received 6 irrigations. All the experimental treatment received the same agricultural practices as usual in the area. From the results it can be concluded that the lowest results for infiltrated depth (50.25 mm), application efficiency (77.52 %), actual application efficiency of low- quarter (72.51%) and water applied (1815 m3/fed) and the highest results distribution uniformity (93.53), water distribution efficiency (95.85 %), water use efficiency (1.78 kg/m3) and wheat yield (3.225 Mg/fed) were recorded at 0.05 % soil slope laser leveling.
Gated pipes
Laser leveling
infiltration
Advanced time
Water distribution uniformity
Applied water
2010
10
01
1005
1014
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75495_096b39f100f330789b7831b9d17da5ec.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
A COMPARTIVE STUDY ON TWO DIFFERENT EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTING CUCUMBER CROP UNDER HOT-HUMID SUMMER CONDITIONS
S.
Abdellatif
M.
Ibrahim
M.
Ellithy
The influence of greenhouse evaporative cooling systems (based on misting, and fan pads cooling systems) on the microclimatic conditions of greenhouse cucumber was studied and investigated in two fiberglass greenhouses combined with roof shading black net screen situated on the roof of the Agricultural Engineering Department, University of Mansoura. Measurements were executed during several days (122 days) in the hot summer of 2009; (G1) with a mist system operating 15 sec every 15 min., (G2) with a pad-fan system. In order to compare between the cooling systems, air temperatures and relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouses were measured and recorded. Experimental data revealed that the pad-fan cooling system was able to keep the air temperature within the greenhouse at rather low levels. The internal air temperature stayed 8.0°C below outside, even during hot afternoons (Tao > 35°C). Whereas, the evaporative cooling using mist system kept the greenhouse air temperature above the set point temperature by an average of 4.9°C. Therefore, the internal air temperature stayed 4.2°C below outside. Due to the short length of the greenhouse (8 m), small temperature gradients (2.9°C) were observed from wet pads to extracting fan. The cooling system using fan-pad system inside the greenhouse (G2) was on the average more efficient than the misting system inside the greenhouse (G1) by 22.5% due to the cooling operation period for the greenhouse (2) was longer than that for the greenhouse (1), accordingly, the water temperature of cooling system (2) was lower than that in misting system (G1). The total fresh yield of cucumber crop per square meter for greenhouse (G1) and greenhouse (G2) was 3.805 and 5.491 kg/m2, respectively. Therefore, the greenhouse (G2) produced 1.686 kg /m2 (44.31%) more than the greenhouse (G1).
2010
10
01
1015
1036
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75499_7e8844e73131a6ef207088c5aaa21131.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF TOMATO AS AFFECTED BY IRRIGATION WATER AMOUNTS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION, UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION, AT NORTHWEST DELTA, EGYPT
Gh.
El-Atawy
R.
Atia
A.
El-Saady
Two field experiments were carried out during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at Wady Elnatroon, El-Behera governorate to investigate the effect of irrigation amounts and nitrogen rates on tomato yield, under drip irrigation method in Northwest Delta. The soil of the experimental fields was sandy loam. The electrical conductivity of irrigation water was 1.1 dSm-1. The treatments were arranged in a split plot design with four replicates. Four amounts of irrigation water were daily applied on a bases of 100%, 90%, 80% and 70% of ETc with four nitrogen rates i.e. zero (control), 150, 225 and 300 kg N fed.-1, (1 feddan = 0.42 hectar). Seasonal plant water consumption or evapotranspiration of irrigation treatments varied from 42.88 cm to 57.93 cm in both seasons. Irrigation treatments had significant effects on yield and water use efficiency. The tomato yield varied from 20.188 to 44.367 ton fed.-1. The highest total yield (44.367 ton fed.-1) was obtained from irrigation at 100% of water requirements and fertilized with 300 kg N fed.-1 in both seasons. The highest mean values of NUE (101.19 kg fruits kg-1 applied N fed.-1) was obtained from 100% of ETc and 150 kg N fed.-1, while, the lowest value (60.39 kg fruits kg-1 applied N fed.-1) was obtained from 70% of ETc and 300 kg N fed.-1.The highest values of N, P and K concentrations in tomato plants and its fruits, were obtained from irrigation at 100% of ETc compared to 90, 80 and 70% of ETc. The highest values of water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency(21.15 kg fruits m-3 of water consumed and 18.60 kg fruits m-3 of water applied, respectively) obtained from tomato plants irrigated with 70 % of water requirement and fertilized with 300 Kg N fed.-1. It could be concluded that for obtaining a good tomato yield and facing the irrigation water shortage, daily irrigation with 100% of ETc must be added with 300 kg N fed-1 under the sand loam soil texture in Wady Elnatron region and similar conditions.
Tomato
Drip irrigation
N fertilization
water consumptive use
water use efficiency
2010
10
01
1037
1047
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75476_d55cef9d318b32fc6ea143f5bcb30d74.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER AMOUNTS AND NITROGEN RATES, ON CUCUMBER OPTIMUM YIELD AND NET RETURN, UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION AT NORTHWEST DELTA, EGYPT
R.
Atia
A.
El-Saady
Gh.
El-Atawy
Two field experiments were carried out at Wady Elnatron, El-Behera Governorate, during 2007 and 2008 seasons, to study the effect of irrigation water amounts and nitrogen rates, on cucumber yield and the net return from these treatments, under drip irrigation system. Split-plot design was used with four replicates. The main plots were assigned by four irrigation water amounts (100%, 90%, 80% and 70%) of evapotranspiration (ETc). The sub-plots were randomly assigned by four nitrogen rates (0 addition (N0), 50 (N1), 100 (N2) and 150 (N3) kg N fed.-1.) as ammonium nitrate. The other recommended agriculture practices were done.
Four polynomial quadratic equations were established to show the following results:
1. The maximum and optimum N rates (Xm andXopt ) were increased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons.
2. The maximum and optimum cucumber yields (Ym and Yopt) were decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons.
3. The highest maximum yield (23.01 ton fed-1), (1 feddan = 0.42 hectar), the highest total value of yield (27605 L.E. fed-1) and the highest return of N fertilizer (13864 L.E. fed-1) were obtained as irrigation water amount 100% of ETc used in the two seasons.
4. The efficiencies of N rates (eX) were decreased as N rates increased from N0 to N1, N2 and N3, respectively, with different irrigation water amounts .
5. The efficiency average (), the relative efficiency (EX) and the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer at optimum rate (eXopt), were decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased.
6. The soil nitrogen content during plant growth (Xs) was increased as irrigation water amounts decreased.
7. The contribution of soil N was decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons.
8. The contribution of N fertilizer was increased as N levels increased in the two seasons.
Cucumber
Drip irrigation
N fertilization
irrigation water amounts
maximum and optimum N rates
2010
10
01
1049
1059
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75479_def4dd398d1087a823c4d3e4a1780dba.pdf
Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering
2090-3685
2090-3685
2010
1
10
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A COTTON STALKS PULLER
Y.
Ramadan
This researcph was carried out during 2008/2009 season to develop and evaluate a cotton stalks puller prototype. Primary field experiments were conducted, to gather characteristics of cotton field and stalks and to determine proper values for tilt angle (f) of 20, 45 and 65 degree, rotating speed (S) of 47.14, 31.5 and 18.9 m/s, with soft or rough contact surface throughout this study. Field evaluation was investigated on the effect of machine efficiency. The experimental design was split-split plot design. Field evaluation experiments were conducted at soil moisture contents of 26, 19 and 11 % (d.b.), with soil bulk density of 1.29, 1.17 and 1.12 g/cm3, respectively. Stalks moisture content were 60, 38 and 22 % under the mentioned soil moisture, respectively. Tilt angles of 450 with rotating speed of 18.9 m/s under moisture content of 19 % were appropriate treatments factors of the puller performance. Rough contact surface and stalks moisture content of 38 % showed the best results in all treatments. Overall, these technical parameters and specifications can be used to manufacture this machine with multiunit in case of mechanical planting to increase the machine field capacity.
2010
10
01
1061
1073
https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_75470_414ef9087bb55fafc14a234e290bc177.pdf