Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-36858120170101Foliar Calcium and Magnesium Application Effect on Potato Crop Grown in Clay Loam Soils183707410.21608/jssae.2017.37074ENE. El-HadidiDept. of Soil, Fac, of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.R. El-DissokySoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Amal AbdElhafezDept. of Soil, Fac, of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20161224Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are of the secondary nutrients that required by plants for healthy growth. So, two field experiments were conducted at Kafr Bosat Village, Talkha District, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt (Latitude 30° 43<sup>'</sup> 22.01" N, Longitude 30° 16' 44.50" E) during the winter growing seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 to investigate the effect of foliar Ca and Mg application and their interactions on the growth, yield, quality, nutrient concentration and uptake of potato crop (<em>Solanum tuberosum, L</em>. - c.v. salany) that grown in clay loam soil. The experiment was designed as a spilt plot design with three replicates; the main plots were assigned for three levels of foliar application of Mg; Mg<sub>0,</sub> Mg<sub>1</sub> and Mg<sub>2</sub> (control, 0.2 and 0.4 % Mg as magnesium sulfate), and the sub plots were devoted to three levels of foliar Ca; Ca<sub>0,</sub> Ca<sub>1</sub> and Ca<sub>2</sub> (control, 0.6 and 0.8 % Ca as calcium nitrate). Results showed the importance of Ca and Mg supplies, where they illustrated that foliar application of Ca and Mg levels significantly increased plant growth parameters at 90 days as plant fresh weight, leaf area and chlorophyll a, b and total concentrations; tubers yield and its quality as % of dry matter, starch and protein contents, and uptake of N, P, K, Ca and Mg (kg fed<sup>-1</sup>) in shoots and tubers at harvest. Plant tuber yield and average tuber weight increased with increasing foliar application of Ca, whereas number of tubers plant<sup>-1</sup> was decreased. Also, results at 90 days, demonstrated that foliar application of Ca and Mg levels significantly increased N, Ca and Mg concentrations in leaves, but K concentration was decreased. At harvest, tubers content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg increased significantly with foliar application of Ca up to Ca<sub>2</sub> (0.8 % Ca) and spraying with Mg up to level Mg<sub>1</sub> (0.2 % Mg). Interaction between foliar application of Ca and Mg levels had a significant effects on plant growth parameters, tubers yield and its quality and nutrients uptake in dry shoots and tubers yield. The highest values of tubers yield (17.251 ton fed<sup>-1</sup>), dry matter % of tuber (24.78 %), starch % (18.24 %) and contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in shoots and tubers were recorded by the interaction of Ca<sub>2</sub>×Mg<sub>1</sub>. It could be concluded that foliar applications of Ca and Mg at 0.8 % Ca as calcium nitrate and 0.2 % Mg as magnesium sulphate were more important to improve plants growth and increase tubers yield and their quality under this conditions.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_37074_a87ba056f0164e3a294de9d0bd0bc447.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-36858120170101Mapping Soil Salinity and Evaluation of Water Quality in Siwa Oasis Using GIS9193707810.21608/jssae.2017.37078ENA. ElnaggarDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt0000-0002-0420-5957K. El-HamidiDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EgyptM. MousaDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EgyptM. AlbakryDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EgyptJournal Article20161228Siwa Oasis represents a promising area for agricultural expansion projects in the western desert of Egypt due to the availability of water resources. However, these areas are suffering from land degradation problems, especially soil salinity. Accordingly, the main objectives of this work were to evaluate and map soil salinity as well as groundwater quality in Siwa Oasis. Therefore, twenty representative soil profiles were randomly distributed throughout the studied area. These profiles were sampled based on the development of soil horizons. A total of 46 soil-samples were collected and these samples were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. Groundwater samples were collected from irrigation-wells and they were analyzed for their chemical parameters. Landsat images were also acquired at three different periods to monitor the changes in vegetation cover, soil salinity and water logging. The obtained results indicated a wide variability within soil physical and chemical properties in the Oasis. Most of the suited soils were very saline, non-sodic based on the EC and ESP values (EC= 77 dSm<sup>-1</sup> and ESP= 14.62 in average). Agricultural areas were increased from 22 km<sup>2</sup> in 1992 to 81 km<sup>2 </sup>in 2015. On the other hand, saline soils were increased from 35 km<sup>2 </sup>to 64 km<sup>2</sup> and water logged areas were also increased from 19 to 51 km<sup>2 </sup>from 1992 to 2015, respectively. These results could be due to the expansion in reclamation-projects, increase in crop irrigation and poor drainage. The salinity of groundwater varied from 2.28 to 5.45 dSm<sup>-1</sup> (3.76 in average), which indicates a degradation in its quality. In summary, soils in Siwa Oasis are salt-affected and they need a proper land reclamation program and development of effective irrigation and drainage systems.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_37078_f0763618834dc486ace6ef3037413081.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-36858120170101Impact of Using Compost Bokashi Resulting from Recycling Kitchen Waste on Head Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.)Grown Organically at Home21273707110.21608/jssae.2017.37071ENK. GhanemEnviron. and Bio. Agric. Dept., Fac. Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, EgyptKh. El-ZabalawyEnviron. and Bio. Agric. Dept., Fac. Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, EgyptAzza MustafaBiological and Environmental Science.Dept.,Fac.Home Economics,Al-Azhar Univ.,Tanta, EgyptBodor ElbannaBiological and Environmental Science.Dept.,Fac.Home Economics,Al-Azhar Univ.,Tanta, EgyptJournal Article20170103A pot experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Environment& Bio-Agriculture Dept., Fac. Agric., Al-AzharUniv., NasrCity, Cairo, Egypt, during the winter season of 2015 to study the impact of using compost bokashi resulting from recycling kitchen waste on head lettuce<em>(Lactuca sativa L. var. Capitata L.)</em>grown organically at home. After 30 days from add compost bokashi to pots filled with soil. Pots were cultivated with head lettuce plant. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments the full dose of fertilizer mineral T1 and three other treatments for compost bokashi : ( 1volume of compost bokashi : 4 volumes of soil T2) , ( 1volume of compost bokashi : 6 volumes of soil T3) , and ( 1volume of compost bokashi : 8 volumes of soil T4) . The use of these treatments once without spraying bokashi juice (liquid produced during the fermentation processand again with bokashi juice at a rate of 1 bokashi juice to 300 cm from water free of chlorine. Spraying was twice, the first after three weeks from transplanting, the second after seven weeks from transplanting.Results could be summarized as follows: The Treatment T2 led to increase the nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc and manganese soil content, while the Treatment T3 led to increase the potassium soil content which it was estimated after the addition of compost for 30 days and before planting directly.For the total number of aerobic bacteria outperformed all treatments on control, it was recorded 29.86, 30.66and 29.70X 10 <sup>5</sup>C.F.U /g<sup>-1</sup> of soil for each of the T1, T2 and T3, respectively.While the control treatment T1 recorded 16.93 X 10<sup>5</sup> C.F.U/ g<sup>-1</sup> of soil.As for the total number of fungi T4 recorded the highest value 170 x 10 <sup>4 </sup>C.F.U/g<sup>-1</sup> of soil. For the number of actinomycets. T2 recorded the highest value 166.3 X 10 <sup>4</sup> C.F.U/g<sup>-1</sup> of soil. The treatment T2 ( 1 bokashi : 4 compost soil )without bokashi juice gave the highest value for each of the(plant fresh weight (g), head fresh weight (g), number of leaves / head<sup>-1</sup>, head diameter (cm), and head dry weight (g/100g head fresh weight) over the control (full dose of mineral fertilizer). The foliar spray with bokashi juice decreased all vegetative growth, except number of leaves there was no significant difference between sprayed and non-sprayed plants. The treatment T2 without and with foliar application gave the highest value nitrate and chlorophyll content of head lettuce. The T1 Full dose of mineral fertilizer (control) was higher than all treatments for the head and the outer leaves of total count of aerobic bacteria without, with foliar application. With regard to the fungi counts of head lettuce plants results showed that there no significant differences as a result of spray or not to spray, as well as the interaction effect between them. The T1 full dose of mineral fertilizer (control) was higher than all treatments for the head and the outer leaves of total count coliform bacteria without, with foliar application. The results indicated that the absence both of salmonella and shigella bacteria on head and out leaves lettuce plants.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_37071_0351b57d14e9ecae4769ee65b62dadfd.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-36858120170101Influence of Climatic Changes on Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Yield in North Nile Delta.29343706510.21608/jssae.2017.37065ENMona EL-MansourySoils, Water and Environment Research Institute. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.S. SalehCentral Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, A. R. C., Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20170115The study was conducted in order to assess the impact of climate change on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) yield and to investigate the possible options for overcoming these negative impacts. To find out the negative effect of climatic change (CC) on faba bean yield, a field trial was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station during the two successive winter growing seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. The investigation consists of four irrigation intervals ; Treatment A: rainfall treatment i.e. given only the planting irrigation and left to rainfall during the growing season (control), Treatment B: given one irrigation following the planting one, Treatment C: given two irrigations after the planting irrigation and Treatment D: given three irrigations following the planting irrigation. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) is the simulating model which compare the observed values obtainded from the experiment with that predicted by the model. To run thus program, input elements of weather, parameters of both soil and faba bean were used. Without adaptation scenario, by using the climatic data, Pods and Seeds with decreased from -12.43 to -26.11% and from -9.32 to -23.16% for yield of pods and seeds, respectively in the years 2025 to 2100. The adverse impacts of CC could be minimized under adptation scenario of deleying one month from current planting data. The corresponding values of pods and seeds will be decreased from -6.34 to -20.11% and from -5.41 to -16.26%, respectively. In conclusion, DSSAT was able to simulate dry bean crop parameters under current conditions with a difference from 0.4 to 0.7% compared to the actual yield. The main results showed that: the impact of CC on faba bean production was evaluated using CC scenario A<sub>1</sub> by the year 2025, 2050, 2075 and 2100 comparing with that predicted under the current conditions of season 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. Mean air temperature is projecting to an increase between 1.9 and 2.5 ºC during faba bean growing seasons for 2025 to 2100.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_37065_ad0650892d9652248afa96d2a9d9cba7.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-36858120170101Effect of Some Organic Extracts and Ascorbic Acid Applied as Foliar Spray on the Growth, Productivity and NPK Uptake of Wheat35403706710.21608/jssae.2017.37067ENM. DiabSoils Dept., Fac. Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.Kh. GhanemEnviron. and Bio. Agric., Dept., Fac. Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.M. ElbordinySoils Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt.E. OsmanSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Sammar ZahranSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20170117The present investigation was carried out at El- Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt, during two winter seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 to evalute the effect of foliar application of some organic extracts (potassium humate& fulvate, compost tea) and ascorbic acid on the growth of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Gemmeiza 9 with speial stress on its uptake of NPK and productivity. Ascorbic acid was added at the rate of 1g L<sup>-1</sup>,while either potassium humate or fulvate at rate of 10% K<sub>2</sub>O whereas the compost tea at rate of 5 cm l<sup>-1</sup> (300L fed<sup>-1</sup>.). Such organic extracts and ascorbic acid were added as a foliar spray on wheat plant in two equal split portion at dressing and panicle period initiation (35 and 50 days from planting), respectively. The experiment was arranged in one factor randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results indicate that the spike number/m<sup>2</sup>, grain number & weight /spike and 1000 grain weight (g) as well as grain, straw and biological wheat yield were improved significantly by using either potassium humate or fulvate as compared with control, but it remarked that there is no effect of organic extracts and ascorbic acid on plant height (cm). In this concern, it was remarked that foliar application of organic extracts significantly increased the uptake of NPK in grain with a marked superiority for potassium fulvate than other treatment which gave the highest mean values. In other words, spraying potassium fulvate were more effective on the uptake NPK of wheat grain as compared with control treatment in both seasons. Moreover in cease was observed for NPK uptake by grain with spraying of potassium humate. The results also indicated that spraying either potassium humate or fulvate gave the highest significant values of NPK uptake of wheat straw and biological yields. The same tendency was obtained by foliar application of compost tea in both ones, with a little inferiority on other two treatments. So, based on the above results, it is recommended that applying some organic extracts such as potassium fulvate or humate is essential to obtain acceptable wheat yield under similar conditions.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_37067_d410b5b500c2f97e05a204884e7c5280.pdf