Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201EFFECT OF SOIL SALINITY WITH OR WITHOUT COMPOSTON SOME CHEMICAL SOIL PROPERTIES ALONG WITH POTATO PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY.140714194394110.21608/jssae.2015.43941ENDoaa KhalifaSoils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptRania El-ShallSoil and Water Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta UniRania HelalSoils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20151123Two field experiments were conducted at Gilbana village, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt, during winter 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 successive seasons, to study effects of soil salinity (10.58, 7.31 and 5.49 dSm<sup>-1</sup>) with or without compost applied at a rate 5 (tonfed<sup>-1</sup>) on some chemical soil properties along with potato (Solanum tuberosum L c.v. Spunta ) productivity and quality.
Results indicated that decreases for soil pH and EC (dSm<sup>-1</sup>) but increase for available N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn in soil with low salinity and these treated with compost. Results also showed high tuber potato yield weight fed<sup>-1</sup>) as well as carbohydrate (%), starch (%) and protein for soil salinity and these soils treated with compost. The N, P K, Fe, Mn and Zn concentration increases in tuber potato for low soil salinity.
According the applied of compost under different level of salinity soil seemed to improve some chemical properties of soil as well as soil fertility along with productivity and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) c.v. Spunta. Still research continues.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43941_e0838845d9e3daee0efbe7907797cd71.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201MANAGING NITROGEN REQUIREMENTS FOR MAIZE CROP GROWN ON SANDY SOIL USING FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NITROGEN AND ZINC WITH BIO-FERTILIZATION.142114404394910.21608/jssae.2015.43949ENAmal EL-GuibaliSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.R. El-DissokySoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.Samya OmranSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center. Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20151125The integration among nitrogen mineral fertilization, foliar application of micronutrients and inoculation with bio-fertilizers become necessary to save mineral nitrogen fertilizers and increase the productivity of maize yield and its quality. As for, a field experiment was carried out during the two successive summer growing seasons 2013 and 2014 in sandy soil at El-Sharawy village in EL-Bostan area – Noubaria Region, Elbeheira governorate (Latitude 30° 43<sup>'</sup> 22.01" N, Longitude 30° 16' 44.50" E), to study the response of maize (<em>Zea maize L.</em>) yield and its components to mineral nitrogen fertilization rates as soil and foliar application and zinc-EDTA foliar application with bio-fertilizer. Treatments were carried out as split split plot design with three replicates; the main plots were bio-fertilizer without (Bio<sub>0</sub>) and with (Bio<sub>1</sub>); the split plots were two levels of Zn-EDTA foliar application, Zn<sub>0</sub> (without foliar) and Zn<sub>1</sub> ( with foliar 0.06 % Zn-EDTA), and the sub split plots were five rates of nitrogen fertilizer (N1: 100 % of recommended N (RN) fertilizer as soil application; N2:75 % RN + 1% N foliar at two times, N3: 75 % RN + 1% N foliar at three times, N4: 50 % RN + 1% N foliar at two times and N5: 50 % RN + 1% N foliar at three times).
<strong>The most important results could be summarized as follows: </strong>
Application of N-fertilization rates, foliar Zn-EDTA and inoculation with bio-fertilizer have a significant effects on all studied parameters such as plant height, ear weight/plant, grain and stalks yields, 100-grain weight, percentage of carbohydrate, oil and protein, concentrations and uptake of N, P, K and Zn by maize grain. Where, grain yield increased by 12.81% with bio-fertilizer inoculation and by 7.13% with Foliar Zn-EDTA.
The interaction between zinc and bio-fertilizer significantly increased plant height, ear weight/plant, 100-grain weight, concentrations and uptake of phosphorus and zinc, also the interactions between N-rates and bio-fertilizer have significant effects on 100-grain weight, grain yield, concentrations and uptake of phosphorus and zinc. Moreover, the interaction between N-rates and foliar Zn-EDTA has significant effect on maize grain yield.
Also, the interaction among N-rates, Zn and bio-fertilizer have significant effect on ear weight/plant, stalks yield, 100-grain weight, oil %, concentrations and uptake of N, K and Zn by grain. Whereas, the superiority was for interaction N3*Zn<sub>1</sub>*Bio<sub>1</sub> that achieve the highest relative increase % for ear weight, grain and stalks yields, carbohydrate %, oil % and protein % (13.03, 27.82, 18.53, 4.14, 16.10 and 11.16 %, respectively).https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43949_d0d98629fb11a37cd10f7515124f7b8f.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES AND LEVELS OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF PEANUT GROWN UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS144114544393510.21608/jssae.2015.43935ENNadia HemeidSoils, Water and Environment Res. Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, EgyptJournal Article20151128Two field experiments were conducted at Ali Moubarak Experimental Farm of the South Tahrir Research Station, Egypt, during summer seasons of 2013 and 2014. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of potassium sources, <em>i.e.</em> potassium sulphate (sulphate of potash SOP) and potassium chloride (muriate of potash MOP) both at the rate of 0, 60 and 120 kg K ha<sup>-1</sup> on growth, yield and quality of peanut under sprinkler irrigation system, as well as soil contents of available-K, soluble chloride and EC after harvesting. The results showed that there were no significant differences between SOP and MOP for plant height, No. of branches plant<sup>-1</sup>, No. of pods plant<sup>-1</sup>, pod and seed yield plant<sup>-1</sup>, 100-pod weight, 100-seed weight, pod, seed and straw yields, shelling percentage as well as oil and protein yield and N, P & K uptake in seeds. Also, potassium sources had no significant effect on soil contents of available K, Cl and EC after harvest. However data note that, applying potassium at the level of 120 kg K ha<sup>-1</sup> brought about significant increases in the above mentioned parameters except shelling percentage which was not significantly affected by potassium levels. Also soil contents of available-K and soluble chloride were significantly increased by increasing K fertilizer levels, however there was no salinity build up due to potassium fertilization in sandy soils. Most of the studied traits were significantly affected by the interaction between K-sources and K-levels. The interaction treatment of 120 kg K ha<sup>-1 </sup>as (SOP) was found to be the most effective one, and recorded the highest values of seed yield plant<sup>-1</sup>,100-seed weight, pod, seed and straw yields.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43935_4aa0688d79446d44901735067cc234a2.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201INTELLIGENT IRRIGATION IN VEGETABLE CROP (TOMATO): NOVEL APPROACH FOR WATER RESOURCE USE OPTIMIZATION145514664393410.21608/jssae.2015.43934ENA. DewidarAgric. Eng. Res. Inst., (AEnRI).
King Saud University.F. MohammadAgric. Eng. Res. Inst., (AEnRI).H. Al-GhobariKing Saud University.I. Sayed-AhmedAgric. Eng. Res. Inst., (AEnRI)M. MetwallyAgric. Eng. Res. Inst., (AEnRI)Journal Article20151201Field experiments have been conducted in King Saud University, Riyadh- Saudi Arabia to study the weather-based irrigation controllers (WBICs) affecting agronomical characteristics and water use of irrigated. The assessed WBICs technologies were Weathermatic SL1600 and Hunter pro C controllers under subsurface drip irrigation system. The study investigated the effect of these technologies and its suitability for agricultural applications. The main results in this study can be summarized as the WBICs had significantly affected the tomato yield, water use efficiency and water savings. The WBICs could save irrigation water by 32.4 % and increased water use efficiency greatly up to 50.8 %, while maintaining competing yield as compared to a time-based irrigation schedules (control). Furthermore, the agronomical characteristics (vegetative growth, fruit quality and fruit yield traits) confirmed the priority of the WBICs when they compared with various time-based irrigation schedules. https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43934_3b307f569c045d62b4b0b98df6d859d9.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201EFFECT OF IRRIGATION LEVELS, CULTIVATION METHODS AND PLANT DENSITIES ON PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY OF ONION CROP AND SOME WATER RELATIONS IN HEAVY CLAY SOILS146714954393810.21608/jssae.2015.43938ENL. GeriesOnion Res. Dept., Field Crops Research Institute , Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.E. MoursiSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. Abo-DahabOnion Res. Dept., Field Crops Research Institute , Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20151204A field investigation was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station during the successive winter growing seasons 2012/13 and 2013/14 to study the effect of irrigation levels, cultivation methods and plant density on productivity, quality of onion crop and some water relations in heavy clay soils. A strip split plot design with four replications was used in this present study, where, the horizontal plots were assigned to irrigation treatments which were, I<sub>0</sub> (Traditional irrigation, like practice by local farmers in the studied region), while, I<sub>1</sub>, I<sub>2</sub> and I<sub>3</sub> irrigation at 90, 80 and 70% of field capacity, respectively. While, the vertical plots were also randomly assigned by cultivation methods which were, A (Cultivation on raised-beds) and B (Cultivation on normal furrows). Sub-sub plots were randomly assigned by plant densities which were D<sub>1</sub> (30 plants/m²), D<sub>2</sub> (45 plants/m²), and D<sub>3 </sub>(60 plants/m²) under the two cultivation methods. The main results can be summarized as follows:
The results showed that the plants irrigated at 80% of field capacity, produced the highest average bulb weight, onion bulbs yield and good quality bulbs with the highest values of remainder bulbs% at the end of storage periods. Marketable and total bulbs yield increased above 25.72 and 33.84 % resulted from plots irrigated at 80% of field capacity as compared to traditional irrigation as an average for the two seasons. Abundance of the available soil moisture (Traditional irrigation like practice by local farmers in the studied area) significantly increased N, P, K and Zn contents of onion bulbs as well as culls yield, physiological, decay, sprouting losses and final loss % of onion bulbs at three storage periods in both seasons.
Concerning, the effect of cultivation methods on average bulb weight, marketable and total bulbs yields as well as bulb diameter, TSS and dry matter % were evident in both seasons. In general, all the previous characters positively increased significantly with raised-beds than normal furrows. On the contrary, the culls yield, N, P, K and Zn contents were significantly higher under normal cultivation method, and the lowest with raised-beds cultivation method. Also, the lowest values of physiological loss, decay and sprouting losses % of onion bulbs at three storage periods were obtained under raised-beds cultivation method. Culls yield decreased above 19.16 % in the plots transplanted on raised-beds as compared to normal furrows methods as average for the two years.
Results revealed that increasing population of onion plants from 30 plants/m<sup>2 </sup>to 45 plants/m<sup>2</sup> gradually decreased average bulb weight and bulb diameter as well as physiological, decay and sprouting losses % and final loss % at three storage period. However, the medium planting density of 45 plants/m<sup>2</sup> compared to lower planting density of 30 plants/m<sup>2 </sup>led to an increase inmarketable and total yields per fed., TSS and dry matter % above 17.08, 22.26, 10.71 and 14.21% as an average for the two years, respectively. The inverse was true in culls yield, where 60 plants/ m<sup>2</sup> gave the highest of culls yield above 88.22 % compared to 30 plants/m<sup>2 </sup>as an average for the two years.
The first and the second order interaction had a significant effect on yield and storability. The maximum yield and the best quality with the highest remainder bulbs% at the end of storage periods were achieved from plants irrigated at 80% of field capacity and grown at 45 plants/m<sup>2</sup> with raised-beds cultivation method in both seasons.
The highest overall mean values through the two growing seasons for seasonal water applied, water consumptive use and consumptive use efficiency were recorded under irrigation treatmentsI<sub>0</sub> (Traditional irrigation) and normal cultivation method (B) and the values are 56.63 cm (2378.38 m³/fed.), 51.86cm (2177.82 m³/fed.) for seasonal water applied, 36.61cm (1537.73 m³/fed.) for water consumptive use and 64.66% and 63.38% for consumptive use efficiency under normal cultivation method and raised-beds, respectively. Meanwhile, the lowest values were recorded under irrigation treatment I<sub>3</sub> (water stress conditions) and raised-beds cultivation method and the values are 40.01cm (1680.52 m³/fed.), 36.23cm (1521.48 m³/fed.) for seasonal water applied, 24.62cm (1033.97 m³/fed.), 21.88cm (919.14 m³/fed.) for water consumptive use and 61.53% and 60.41% for consumptive use efficiency under normal cultivation method and raised-beds, respectively. Regarding, the effect of plant densities, the highest values for water consumptive use and consumptive use efficiency were recorded under the highest density D<sub>3</sub> (60 plants/m²) under the two cultivation methods and all irrigation treatments. Concerning, the values of seasonal water applied were not affected by plant densities treatments.
The highest overall mean values for water productivity (WP, kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW, kg/m<sup>3</sup>) were recorded with irrigation treatment I<sub>2 </sub>(irrigation at 80% of field capacity), raised-beds cultivation method (A) and plants density (45 plants/m<sup>2</sup>). Meanwhile, the lowest values for WP and PIW were recorded under I<sub>0</sub> (traditional irrigation), normal cultivation method (B) and plant density (60 plants/m<sup>2</sup>).
It can be concluded that the irrigation at 80% of field capacity with a population of 45 plants/m<sup>2</sup> under raised-beds cultivation method was the recommended treatments for optimum productivity, quality of onion and remainder bulbs% at the end of storage periods and maximizing water productivity (WP, kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW, kg/m<sup>3</sup>) at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate conditions.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43938_802e2a40b20510a77e837270d22e68b3.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201WHEAT HARVESTING AND THRESHING LOSSES149715134395010.21608/jssae.2015.43950ENM. El-SheikhaFaculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Agric. Eng. DeptA. Emad El-DinFaculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Agric. Eng. DeptY. RamadanAgricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agric, Res. CenterSH. Al-WassefAgronomist, Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20151207The present trial was carried out in El-Serw Agricultural Research Station, Damietta during 2013/2014 on wheat (Sakha 68 variety) to determine the different losses and criterion cost that could occur within harvesting unit till grain packing including natural losses, losses, threshing losses, cleaning losses and grain damage using five harvesting systems: Local mower with Turkish thresher; Rice harvester (Kubuta) for complete harvesting; Rice harvester (Kubuta) for reaping then Turkish thresher; Combine harvester (CLAAS) and Traditional method (sickle then Turkish thresher) as a control. It was found that using Kubuta (complete harvesting) gave the least values for total losses, grain damage and criterion cost comparing to other harvesting methods. The criterion cost values were 809.24, 845.7, 372.14 and 581.27 LE/fed. for Mower, Kubuta reaping, Kubuta harvesting and CLAAS, respectively. If it is possible to add a special mechanism for chopping stalks with adding winnowing residuals to obtain Tibn, it will be an extremely step for general Kubuta harvesting extension.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43950_43491b9a1839f8ed3c17dd844d2ac8f6.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201A NEW TRAP FOR CONTROLLING THE ORIENTAL HORNET (Vespa orientalis L.) UNDER EGYPTIAN APIARIES CONDITIONS151515264394210.21608/jssae.2015.43942ENY. ShaabanResearcher of the Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Dokki. Giza. Egypt.A. El-AshkarResearcher of the Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Dokki. Giza. Egypt.H. El-GhobashyResearcher of the Agric. Eng. Res. Institute, ARC, Dokki. Giza. Egypt.A. GhaniaResearcher of the Honeybee Res. Dept. plant protection Res. Inst., ARC, Dokki. Giza. Egypt.Journal Article20151210This study aims of developing, fabricating and testing a new design of wooden cubic wire traps prototype to increase the captured numbers of wasp queens and workers and at the same time, permit honeybee's to fly out the trap. The developed traps were fabricated using natural local materials. The prototypes were; trap with one funnel (T<sub>1</sub>), with two funnels (T<sub>2</sub>), with three funnels (T<sub>3</sub>) and with three funnels with Mochtohor's feeder and baits (T<sub>4</sub>). All traps were tested with cone hole diameters 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 mm with the selection of the suitable wire screen diameter and its re-positioning for facilitating the traps flying out of honeybees. The results showed that, the trap (T<sub>4</sub>) is significantly proven to be the most attracting for wasp queens and workers under different cone hole diameters followed by (T<sub>3</sub>), (T<sub>2</sub>) and (T<sub>1</sub>). Moreover, there were significant differences in the captured hornets among the cone hole diameters (4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 mm) for all traps under different funnel numbers. The total cost of trap (T<sub>4</sub>) was 25 LE, representing about 16.6% lesser than the commercial trap prices that used in local market. Therefore, the new designed trap (T<sub>4</sub>) is considered an efficient solution for controlling red wasps that invade Egyptian apiaries.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43942_962036a9b499406d59afb5dcd3512f4b.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201GEOMATICS BASED SOIL MAPPING OF THE EASTERN DESERT PART OF SOHAG GOVERNORATE, EGYPT152715434394510.21608/jssae.2015.43945ENA. MustafaDepartment of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, EgyptO. NegimDepartment of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, EgyptJournal Article20151213The aim of this study is to apply the powerful capabilities of advanced remote sensing and GIS techniques to identify and characterize the main physiographic units of some soils of the Eastern Desert Part of Sohag Governorate. A physiographic analysis using visual interpretation of false colour composite (FCC) of Landsat ETM images was carried out to delineate the different physiographic units of the studied area which accurately defined by the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) which generated from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM). Twelve soil profiles were collected and examined to represent the soils of the studied area. The soils of the studied area are slightly to highly saline (EC values ranged from 3.83 to 10.67 dS/m). Soil texture is mostly sandy to loamy sand. Soil pH values ranged from 7.83 to 8.45. Organic carbon content is very low with a maximum value of 0.35%. Regarding the CEC, it varied from 2.68 to 4.76 cmole<sup>+</sup>/kg and the CaCO<sub>3</sub> ranged from 3.81 to 17.68 %. The soils were classified as Typic Haplocalcids, Typic Torripsamment and Typic Torriorthents. The major landforms of the studied area were described as Wadi Bottom (WB), Bajada (B), Alluvial Fans (AF), Tableland (T), Gently Undulating Sand Sheet (GUS) and Undulating Sand Sheet (US).The data revealed that current capability of soils is moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3) and temporary not suitable (N1). The major limiting factors were texture, topography and salinity. With the application of some scientific and technical improvements, the limiting factors could be mitigated to attain the potential capability of the soils of the study area.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43945_28d7655e33e80233710590e4f563fb61.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201MAIZE PRODUCTIVITY AND CROP - WATER RELATIONS AS AFFECTED BY IRRIGATION LEVELS AND COMPOST RATES.154515624394710.21608/jssae.2015.43947ENA. KhatabSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute. (SWERI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.Kh. Abd El- LatifSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute. (SWERI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.E. OsmanSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute. (SWERI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.S. AbdouSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute. (SWERI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20151215A field experiment was conducted during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons at Al-Arish Agric. Res. Station, Al-Arish Governorate, Egypt. This trial aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation levels i.e. 1800, 2100 and 2400 m<sup>3</sup>fed<sup>-1</sup> as interacted with compost rates i.e. without compost supplying , 2 and 4 tonfed<sup>-1</sup> on maize growth, yield, yield components and some crop -water relationships. A split-plot design with four replicates was adopted. The most important results could be summarized as follows:-
1- Most of the studied maize growth parameters, grain and stover yields, grain yield attributes and chlorophyllous pigments as well N, P and K contents were significantly affected due to the adopted irrigation water levels in 2014 and 2015 seasons. Increasing irrigation water level from 1800 to 2100 or 2400 m<sup>3</sup>fed<sup>-1</sup>, resulted in gradual increases in all of the abovementioned parameters, as well as ET<sub>c </sub>and WUE values.
2- Likely, the adopted compost rates exerted significant effects to alter all of the investigated parameters e.g. growth, grain yield and yield attributes and chemical constituents as well. The highest compost rate (4 tonfed<sup>-1</sup>) exhibited the highest figures of the abovementioned characters besides ETc and WUE, comparable with 2 tonfed<sup>-1</sup> rate and without compost addition, in 2014 and 2015 seasons.
3- The interaction of the highest irrigation water level e.g. 2400 m<sup>3</sup>fed<sup>-1</sup> and supplying the compost at 4 tonfed<sup>-1</sup>rate resulted in the highest values the investigated growth, grain and stover yields and yield attributes parameters ,chemical constituents as well as ET<sub>c</sub> and WUE in 2014 and 2015 seasons. So, it is recommended to apply such interaction to obtain both acceptable maize yield and water utilization figures under Al-Arish conditions.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43947_a0f22dc5784baa439019fbc21c70aa7d.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201IMPROVEMENT OF CALCAREOUS SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ITS PRODUCTIVITY AS AFFECTED BY FARMING METHODS AND ORGANIC MANURES APPLICATIONS156315754395610.21608/jssae.2015.43956ENHoda AhmedSoils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptEnshrah El-MaazSoils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptM. EsmaeilSoils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20151217Organic manures are traditionally used for supplying plant nutrients. Their volume and other operational problems forced the farmers to use inorganic fertilizers. The recycling of organic waste is considered one of the major solutions to get rid of huge piles of wastes. The management of soil organic matter is critical to maintain a sustainable productive organic farming system. They possess many desirable soil properties and exert beneficial effect on the soil characteristics. In this regard, a field experiment was carried out on a calcareous sandy loam soil cultivated with bean (Nubaria 1) at El-Nubaria Agricultural Research Station, El- Behera Governorate during two successive winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013 / 2014 to investigate the effect of organic manures (rice straw compost and chicken manure) as organic amendments under farming methods (row and strew) on calcareous soilchemical properties and its productivity. Data indicated that, EC values (dSm<sup>-1</sup>) and pH values of the studied soil were decreased as a result of using rice straw compost and chicken manure under different cultivation methods. The OM content and cation exchange capacity of the soil after bean harvest were increased by the studied treatments. The high increase was attained by using rice straw compost with row farming method.
Also, results showed that, the treatment with rice straw compost and row farming method resulted increase in the soil content of available N, P, K and Fe, Mn and Zn after harvest of bean. Also, there was a significant increase in N, P and K contents of bean grains with rice straw compost or chicken manure treatments compared with control. The same treatments caused an increase in the concentrations of Fe, Mn and Zn in grains. The bean plant grown under all the studied treatments gave higher yield than the control under calcareous soil conditions and the highest values of straw and grain yields were recorded by using rice straw compost with row cultivation method. As a general, it is concluded that the row cultivation method and the rice straw compost addition had beneficial effect at the different soil properties and crop yield of broad bean plants grown on calcareous soil compared with other treatments under study.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43956_f5d304196a26a1757c769dbc7bb2f715.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368561220151201FERTILIZATION MANAGEMENT OF WHEAT CROP AND RATE OF RESPONSE TO NITROGEN FERTILIZATION157715904395410.21608/jssae.2015.43954ENH. KhalilSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Gehan Nor EldeinWheat Research Department - Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20151220Soil fertility depletion and soil quality decline have been threatening the ecological and economic sustainability of crop production. The use of high yielding varieties results in the depletion of soil nutrient content which should be considered in setting the crop fertilization strategy. In this concern, field experiment was carried out for two successive winter seasons (2013 & 2014) in the clay soil of Bahtim Research Station, AgricultureResearchCenter, to study the effectiveness of fertilization management on wheat productivity on old land. The results indicate that, nutrient deficiency is one of the major constraints facing wheat production. Deficiency of phosphorus supply led to the earliness of physiological maturity stage and heading date, moreover, an increase in the number of spikes existed in spite of the decrease in the number and weight of wheat grains. Also the highest values of grain yield, plant height, 1000-grain weight, number of spikes m<sup>-2</sup> existed as a result of increasing nitrogen up to 100kgfed<sup>-1</sup>. Results indicate also that nitrogen uptake and the use efficiency of N, P and K were improved if combined with P and K applications. The utilization efficiency of 100 kg Nfed<sup>-1</sup> was higher than 50 and 75 kg Nfed<sup>-1</sup> levels. On the other hand the highest P and K release from fertilizers were obtained with PK treatment with increasing nitrogen levels. Statistically, positive significant correlations were found between availability of soil NO<sub>3</sub>, NH<sub>4</sub>, total N, P mgkg<sup>-1</sup> and EC (dSm<sup>-1</sup>) values with grain yield, N and P content in wheat grains. The relation between available K in soil and grain K content is positive and significant.https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_43954_e85c92390ddce57ee1e331f6c933d2ab.pdf