Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368551020141001IMPACT OF HUMIC ACID AND MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET UNDER SALINE SOIL.133513534975210.21608/jssae.2014.49752ENKH. A. H. ShabanSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst.Eman M. Abdel FatahSugar Crops Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Cent., EgyptDalia A. SyedSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst.Journal Article20140926Two field experiments were conducted at Gelbana district Sahl–El Tina plain (North Sinai) laying between longitudes 32 <sup>o</sup> 20 and 32<sup>o</sup> 33 east and latitudes 30 <sup>0</sup> 57 and 31<sup>0 </sup>04 North during two successive seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 to study the effect of soil application of inorganic nitrogen fertilization at rates of 50, 75 and 100 kg N fed <sup>-1</sup> and organic humic acid fertilizer at rates of (0- 10 kg fed<sup>-1</sup>)and its impact on some chemical soil properties, growth, chemical composition, yield and quality of some sugar beet varieties (Mirador, Panther and Athospoly). A split- split plot design with three replicates was used in the two seasons.
The highest values of available K content in soil in both seasons and available N content in the 1<sup>st</sup> season were recorded by Panther variety.
Panther variety occurred a significant superiority over the other varieties in vegetative traits i.e. diameter, weight, dry matter %, of root, photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides and proline as will as root and sugar yields in the two season. All quality parameters (total soluble solids %, sucrose% and juice purity %) were insignificantly affected by the tested varieties in the two seasons.
Soil application of humic acid exhibited significant increase in available K-content in the soil in both seasons and available N in the 2<sup>nd</sup> season as will as N, P and K- percentages in sugar beet root in both seasons. Also application of humic acid significantly increased proline concentration in leaves beet by (15.73 and 13.97%), sucrose% by (0.41 and 0.61%), as will as root yield by (22.80 and 28.38 %) and sugaryield by (26.56 and 32.44%) in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> seasons compare with untreated one.
Increasing mineral N-rate significantly increased root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons. Also application of 100 kg N fed <sup>-1</sup> recorded the highest values of root yield ( 29.91 and 27.27 ton fed <sup>-1</sup>) and sugar yield ( 5.53 and 4.71 ton fed <sup>-1</sup>) in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> seasons.
The interaction between mineral nitrogen fertilizer rates and humic acid (NXH) had a significant effect on root and sugar yields, sucrose%, and proline concentration in both seasons as will as on available K in the soil in the 1<sup>st</sup> season. However, the interaction between sugar beet varieties and nitrogen fertilizer (VxN) and between sugar beet varieties and humic acid (VxH) had a significant effect on root length, LA, chlorophyll a and carotenoides, proline concentration and root and sugar yields in both season. Meantime, the interactions effects between the three variables under study (sugar beet varieties, humic acid and mineral nitrogen fertilizer rates) insignificantly effected on all traits under studies. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368551020141001IMPROVING NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY FOR WHEAT YIELD PRODUCTION135513614975810.21608/jssae.2014.49758ENLamyaa A. Abd El. RahmanSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptM. A. EskarousSoils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20141001A field experiment was conducted at EL-Gemmeiza Experiments Station using wheat plant (Triticm aestivum L.) (v.gemmeiza 9) during two successive seasons (2011/2012) and (2012/2013) to evaluate the use efficiency of urea fertilizer mixed with humic acid (HA). The treatments as follows: T1) Control without addition, T2) Urea at 75 kg N fed<sup>-1</sup>+ Humic Acid (2%), T3) Urea at 50 kg N fed<sup>-1</sup> + Humic Acid (2%), T4) Urea at 75 kg N fed<sup>-1</sup>and T5) Urea at 50 kg N fed<sup>-1</sup>. Results are summarized as follows: Wheat yield (grain and straw) show a significant response to nitrogen application. The best treatment was urea mixed with humic acid compared with using urea alone. The highest value of yield was recorded with 75 kg N. fed<sup>-1</sup> mixed with HA, followed by 50 kg N fed<sup>-1</sup> with HA. These results proved that loss of nitrogen on form of ammonia is reduced when urea is mixed with an appropriate amount of HA. Therefore, using the same amount of nitrogen fertilizer mixed with humic acid ensure a substantial increase in wheat yield.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368551020141001RESPONSE OF SUGAR BEET PLANTS TO DIFFERENT COMPOST TYPES AND BORON SPRAYING AND THEIR EFFECT ON GROWTH CHARACTERS AND QUALITY UNDER RAS SUDR GONDITIONS136313754975610.21608/jssae.2014.49756ENM. E. SolimanInstitute of Environmental Studies and Researches Ain Shams UniversityMona M.A. HammadaEnvironmental Pollution Unit, Plant Ecology and Ranges Department, Desert Research CenterAsha E. Abd El-NabiEnvironmental Pollution Unit, Plant Ecology and Ranges Department, Desert Research CenterJournal Article20141005Two field experiments were carried out in Ras Sudr Research Station, Desert Research Center, at South Sinai Governorate, Egypt during two successive growing winter seasons i.e. 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 to study the effect of nine treatments of compost produced from animal waste, town refuse and plant waste applied at three rates (10, 20 and 30 m<sup>3</sup>/fed.) and three rates of foliar application of boron (control, 0.4 and 0.6 g/L.) and their interactions on growth (leaf area, root length, root diameter and total soluble solids (T.S.S %), root fresh and dry weight / plant, top fresh and dry weight / plant) and chemical composition (sugar, juice purity and crude protein %) of sugar beet plants. Split plot design was used. The results indicated that the highest values of growth parameters were recorded in plants treated with 30 m<sup>3</sup> / fed. compost produced from animal waste in the first and second seasons. There were significant differences in chemical composition in sugar beet of roots among the tested sources of different compost types during first and second seasons. The highest values of sugar and crude protein percentage were recorded in plants treated with 30 m<sup>3</sup>/fed. animal waste. While, the highest value of juice purity % was obtained by using 30 m<sup>3</sup> / fed. of animal waste and 10 m<sup>3</sup> / fed. town refuse at the first and second seasons, respectively. Boron foliar application showed significantly responses in the two seasons with respect to growth characters of sugar beet. Increasing boron foliar application from 0 to 0.4 g/L. increased growth characters of sugar beet at the first and second seasons. Application of boron spray exerted a significant increase in sugar, juice purity and crude protein %. The interaction between compost types and boron foliar had a significant effect on leaf area in the first and T.S.S. % in the second season. The interaction between different compost types and boron foliar had a significant effect on sugar, juice purity and crude protein %.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368551020141001EFFECTS OF MAGNETIZED LOW QUALITY IRRIGATION WATER ON SOME SOIL PROPERTIES AND SOYBEAN YIELD (Glycine max L.) UNDER SALT AFFECTED SOILS CONDITIONS.137713884975510.21608/jssae.2014.49755ENM. M. AmerSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute, A R C.A. G. El SanatSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute, A R C.Sahar H. RashedSoils, Water and Environment Research Institute, A R C.Journal Article20141010Two field experiments were conducted at Sakha Agric. Research Station, during two successive seasons 2013 and 2014, to study the effect of the magnetized water treatment (MWT) on some soil proprieties and productivity of soybean under salt affected soils conditions. A split plot design with three replicates was used . The main plots were occupied by water types (fresh water and magnetic irrigation water) and sub plots were devoted to water quality: 0.75dSm<sup>-1</sup> (S<sub>1</sub>) , 1.75 dSm<sup>-1</sup> (S<sub>2</sub>) and 2.75 dSm<sup>-1</sup> (S<sub>3</sub>).
<strong>The obtained results could be summarized as follows:</strong>
- The growth parameters of soybean plants were high significantly increased due to application of the magnetic water.
<strong>-</strong> The soybean seed, straw and yield components were high significantly increased by magnetic water application under different water salinity.
<strong>-</strong>Protein and oil yields were high significantly increased by magnetized water treatment (MWT), while they were decreased with increasing of irrigation water salinity.
<strong>-</strong> The magnetic treatment of irrigation water had a positive effect on decreasing salinity of the soil (EC<sub>e</sub>) after the harvest of plants. Values of relative change (Rc<sub>±</sub> %) of soil salinity (Ec<sub>e</sub>) , sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup> and SO<sup>2-</sup><sub>4 </sub> were decreased while (Rc<sub>±</sub> %) of Ca<sup>++</sup>, Mg<sup>++</sup>, and K<sup>+</sup> in the soil extraction , after harvesting, were increased due to MWT under S<sub>1</sub>; S<sub>2</sub> and S<sub>3</sub>, as compared with magnetized fresh water .
<strong>-</strong>Yield of soybean , yield components, protein and oil yield content were positively correlated with (MWT) during both seasons.
-It could be concluded that to alleviate water salinity hazard, improve some soil properties and increase productivity of soybean plant can be obtained by magnetic water treatment under salt affected soil.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368551020141001MANUFACTURE AND EVALUATION PERFORMANCE OF A GARLIC-CLOVES PLANTER138914044975310.21608/jssae.2014.49753ENA.F. AbdraboAgric. Eng. Res. Inst. (ARC), Giza, EgyptM. El-BailyAgric. Eng. Res. Inst. (ARC), Giza, EgyptSafya M. El-GayarAgric. Eng. Res. Inst. (ARC), Giza, EgyptJournal Article20141015The aim of this investigation is to locally manufacturing and evaluate a one row garlic-cloves planter. Field experiments were carried out in salty clay loam soil at the experimental farm of Sakha, Agricultural Research Station Kafr El–Sheikh Governorate. The manufacturing garlic-cloves planter consists of the main frame with three hitching-points, transmission system, two slot weapon planning, feeding device to cover garlic cloves and one-row planting unit. It consists of clove box, vertical disk containing cells of agriculture (A) or (B). cell (A) is a parallelogram dimensions of 4, 2.5 and 2 cm length, width and height, respectively, and closed its aspects except the front side and the front half of the surface and cells (B) is a half-cylindrical shape of 4 cm length, 2 cm radius and closed from the rear side. Small agitators were fixed inside the clove box and operated by means of pulley and V-belt powered from planting disc and ground wheel and transmission shaft to planting disc. The investigated variables of this study were; four different forward planting speeds ( 2.5, 3.2, 4.1 and 5.4 km/h), two various types of cell (A and B) and three different depths of planting (1.5, 4.0 and 6.0 cm). The performance was fudged by missing hills percentage (%), germination percentage (%), productivity (ton/fed), longitudinal scattering (cm), field capacity (fed/h), energy consumed (kW.h/fed) and total cost estimate (L.E./fed). The experimental results reveal that the lowest value of missing hills percentage of garlic was 2.0% which achieved with cell type A at forward speed of 2.5 km/h. The highest value of productivity was (8.55 ton/fed) also obtained with cell type A at forward speed of 2.5 km/h. and planting depth 4 cm. The minimum value of field capacity 0.4 fed/h was recorded at forward speed of 2.5 km/h, and planting depth of 6 cm . The maximum energy consumed of 25.75 kW.h/fed was recorded at forward speed of 2.5 km/h, planting depth of 6 cm. The minimum value of total cost 36.43 L.E./fed was obtained at forward speed of 5.4 km/h, and planting depth of 1.5 cm .
Finally, it is recommended to applya garlic-cloves planter using cell (A), depth of planting 4 cm and forward planting speed 2.5 km/h to achieve the maximum germination percentage and the highest value of productivity<em>.</em>Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering2090-368551020141001DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A LOCAL INDUSTRIAL MACHINE FOR WATERMELON SEEDS EXTRACTION140514264975110.21608/jssae.2014.49751ENShreen F. A. MohamedResearcher, of Agr. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), Dokki; Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20141020The overall objective of the present investigation was to modify and evaluate the performance of a local manufactured machine for extracting seeds from watermelon seeds. There were two problems facing the traditional machine, firstly, the seeds which extricated by the machine must be washed and the second problem was the increase of seeds damage ratio. To overcome these problems washing unit was added in the end of separating stage. The primary experiments show that the principle part which caused the increase in seed damage was crush drum. Then; theoretical studies were carried out to determine the permissible feed rate, knives number on crash drum, drum speed and clearance between crash drum and concave. The results indicated that the maximum value of cleaning efficiency was 93.8% with concave clearance of 3 cm, drum speed of 0.46 m/sec, knives number of 14 and feed rate of 60 kg/min. Too, the minimum value of 79.0% was obtained under concave clearance of 1 cm, drum speed of 1.4m/s, knives number of 6 and feed rate of 120kg/min. The Maximum cost value of 1052 LE/ton was achieved at feeding rate of 60 kg/min and drum speed of 1.4m/s. While, the least cost was estimated at 120 kg/min feed rate for all different ranges of drum speed. The developed unit saved about 61.4 % and the cost per ton was 1052LE compared to the manual extraction.