EFFECT OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND SOWING DATE ON WATER RELATION, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR WHEAT CROP GROWN IN MIDDLE EGYPT (GIZA REGION)

Osman, Nemait Allah Y.; Salem, H. M.; Helal, Rania G. M.

doi:10.21608/jssae.2014.49821

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND SOWING DATE ON WATER RELATION, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR WHEAT CROP GROWN IN MIDDLE EGYPT (GIZA REGION)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC

² Soil Science Department; Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University

10.21608/jssae.2014.49821

Abstract

A field experiment was executed during the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 at Giza Agriculture. Research. Station to identify the most effective coefficient of daily pan evaporation accumulation selected from (1.25,1.00 and 0.75) evaporation pan coefficient (EPC) in scheduling irrigation for wheat cultivar Sakha 93 under three sowing date at 20^th November (S₁) , 10^th December (S₂) and 30^th December (S₃) in order to evaluate best sowing date to maximize crop and water productivity. The number of applied irrigations and water consumptive use (CU) were increased as the value of EPC increased and, CU differed significantly due to sowing date , with plant sown in10thDecember consumed more water than the other sowing date. The lowest Water Use Efficiency (WUE) was recorded under 1.25 EPC comparable to the other tested EPC values and values of WUE differed due to sowing date, which the S₁ gave the lowest WUE while S3 obtained the highest value. The plant height, grain weight spike^-1, grain weight m^-2 and 1000-grain weight were significantly affected due to the adopted irrigation regimes and generally, tended to increase as EPC increased. Grain and straw yields tended to increase with increasing EPC. The highest grain yield was obtained with 1.25 EPC and was lower with the other EPC treatments particularly with straw yield. All of agronomic yields and yield components were increased when wheat crop planted in 10^th December and decreased with delaying sowing date . The maximum values of yields and their components were given by planted wheat cultivar Sakha 93 in10^th December and irrigating when pan evaporation accumulation rech1.25 EPC.

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